Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies最新文献_第9页

Politics under conditions of war : the effect of the War Measures Acts on political struggles within the South African Mine Workers’ Union, 1939-1947 战争条件下的政治:1939-1947年《战争措施法》对南非矿工工会内部政治斗争的影响

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.5787/44-1-1168

W. Visser

{"title":"Politics under conditions of war : the effect of the War Measures Acts on political struggles within the South African Mine Workers’ Union, 1939-1947","authors":"W. Visser","doi":"10.5787/44-1-1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5787/44-1-1168","url":null,"abstract":"The South African Mine Workers’ Union, or MWU, was one of the most prominent white trade unions of 20th-century South Africa and active in one of the country’s key industries, namely gold mining. In the aftermath of the violent 1922 strike, the union’s executive was bureaucratised, which left the MWU vulnerable to corruption and maladministration. This gave rise to a protracted struggle for control of the union’s executive. In the 1930s and 1940s the strife within MWU ranks became entangled with the national struggle for political hegemony between the National Party and the United Party, as well as Afrikaner nationalism. At the outbreak of World War II the Smuts cabinet armed the state under War Measures’ Acts, which entitled it to a range of arbitrary powers, including powers to control strategic minerals, such as gold, and to curb industrial unrest. Naturally, the War Measures’ Acts had a significant effect on the doings of the MWU – in particular the struggle for political control of its executive. The struggle involved three official commissions of inquiry into the affairs of the MWU, two mining strikes and numerous court actions between the two competing factions within its ranks. As a result of the stipulations of the War Measures’ Acts pertaining to the mining industry, as well as those of the MWU constitution, a political impasse to solve the issue of democratic elections in the union arose. Therefore the War Measures’ Acts still had legal repercussions for the union three years after the cessation of hostilities. As such, the War Measures’ Acts[i]influenced politics and elections in the MWU as late as 1948.","PeriodicalId":173901,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129129234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Military Psychology for Africa. GAJ van Dyk 非洲军事心理学。GAJ van Dyk

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.5787/44-2-1182

A. V. Heerden

{"title":"Military Psychology for Africa. GAJ van Dyk","authors":"A. V. Heerden","doi":"10.5787/44-2-1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5787/44-2-1182","url":null,"abstract":"The African life philosophy of ubuntu is about two aspects ubu and ntu, and constitutes a wholeness and oneness (Ramose, 2002). Modern psychology has until very recently entailed oneness with its Western ideas and approaches (Sinha, 1986). In South Africa, psychologists’ interventions often lack “the necessary broader contextual focus needed to address social problems” (wholeness). The challenge posed to African psychologists has been to work proactively towards combining theory building and practical knowledge application within the indigenous African context. Only through the exploration of contextually relevant research, can there be influence. This book fills a long-awaited void in South African and African military psychology in its contextual contribution, both in terms of theory and practice under the guidance of Professor Van Dyk. Prof. Van Dyk has, for many decades, dedicated his time and his research findings towards making a contribution to knowledge building within the South African Military Psychology community. Twenty-two years into democracy, this book Military psychology for Africa brings ‘wholeness’ for African soldiers, their families, psychological scientists, university scholars and practitioners.","PeriodicalId":173901,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128900970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A far-away war: Angola, 1975–1989. Ian Liebenberg, Jorge Risquet and Vladimir Shubin (Eds) 一场遥远的战争:1975-1989年的安哥拉。Ian Liebenberg, Jorge Risquet和Vladimir Shubin(编辑)

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.5787/44-2-1180

McGill Alexander

引用次数: 0

South Africa and the Search for Strategic Effect in the Central African Republic 南非与寻求对中非共和国的战略影响

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.5787/44-2-1174

F. Vrey, A. Esterhuyse

{"title":"South Africa and the Search for Strategic Effect in the Central African Republic","authors":"F. Vrey, A. Esterhuyse","doi":"10.5787/44-2-1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5787/44-2-1174","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a critical assessment from a strategic perspective of the South African military involvement in the Central African Republic that culminated in the Battle of Bangui. The strategic assessment was aimed at an understanding of the South African armed forces and their government’s strategic approach and logic (i.e. strategic ways) through a consideration of, firstly, their strategic objectives and end states and, secondly, a critical reflection on the military means that were available and employed in the Central African Republic. The authors question the logic of South African political and military objectives through an emphasis on the absence of South African interests in the Central African Republic, the failure of the executive to inform parliament, the dubious and blurred intentions of the African National Congress government and the absence of a clear political–military nexus for the operation. The lack of sufficient military capabilities for the deployment was assessed through a consideration of overstretch, obsolescence, neglect and mismanagement of military resources. The article concludes that not only did the government set the military up for failure; it also succeeded in creating the perfect conditions for a strategic fiasco.","PeriodicalId":173901,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124847383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

In Memoriam: Deon Visser 1953-2016 纪念:迪昂·维瑟1953-2016

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2016-12-12 DOI: 10.5787/44-1-1158

I. V. D. Waag

引用次数: 0

Russia’s hybrid war and its implications for defence and security in the United Kingdom 俄罗斯的混合战争及其对英国国防和安全的影响

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.5787/44-2-1175

S. Bachmann, A. Paphiti

引用次数: 3

‘TONE AT THE TOP’: FIGHTING MILITARY CORRUPTION IN LATIN AMERICA “高层基调”:拉丁美洲打击军事腐败

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2015-11-13 DOI: 10.5787/43-2-1125

L. Klaus

{"title":"‘TONE AT THE TOP’: FIGHTING MILITARY CORRUPTION IN LATIN AMERICA","authors":"L. Klaus","doi":"10.5787/43-2-1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5787/43-2-1125","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims to discuss how tone at the top works in the traditional military contexts found in Latin America, and how the right tone could be adopted in corrupt military institutions to move towards an ethical role-modelling environment. For this endeavour, several strategies that can help military generals to fight military unethical culture in contaminated hierarchical organisations will be proposed, while a number of hypotheses on the institution’s functioning will be provided. Differently from private companies’ theoretical bias, the main suggested approach implies the initial establishment of a strong, transactional-based tone at the top as the main tool to fight military corruption. As a further step, after the corrupt culture has been neutralised, transactional leadership based on ethics could be slowly transformed into gentler versions of transformational style, but never letting the main fear of the harshest punishment evanesce. In summary, by showing that unethical leadership will necessarily pave the way for misconduct in traditional military organisations, we propose a cannonball strategy, based on a punishment and reward system, to reinforce integrity instead of gentler or charismatic leadership styles.","PeriodicalId":173901,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114585046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of the Ratel infantry fighting vehicle on mobile warfare in southern Africa 拉泰尔步兵战车对非洲南部机动作战的影响

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2015-11-13 DOI: 10.5787/43-2-1129

R. D. Vries

引用次数: 1

‘MORE THAN JUST HUMAN HEROES’ THE ROLE OF THE PIGEON IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR “不仅仅是人类英雄”鸽子在第一次世界大战中的角色

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2015-11-13 DOI: 10.5787/43-2-1127

Hendrik Snyders

引用次数: 3

Corruption and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding : Selling the Peace? 腐败与冲突后建设和平:出售和平?

Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies Pub Date : 2015-11-13 DOI: 10.5787/43-2-1134

Christine Cheng, Dominik Zaum

引用次数: 41