Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19: The race for a vaccine.","authors":"Emily Lockey","doi":"10.1177/1470320320926902","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1470320320926902","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320926902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/d8/10.1177_1470320320926902.PMC7231905.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37933083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal denervation: An uncertain future.","authors":"Peter Sever","doi":"10.1177/1470320320936094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320936094","url":null,"abstract":"Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). It is now more than 5 years since I wrote my first commentary on renal denervation (RDN).1 At the time, I was prompted by the contrast between the enormous enthusiasm for the technique, inspired by dramatic claims of >30 mmHg reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) observed in patients with resistant hypertension who had undergone RDN,2–4 and the minimal falls in blood pressure (BP) when RDN was studied in well-controlled trials, particularly those involving sham-control procedures.5–7 National bodies and international guidelines followed,8,9 which recommended a moratorium on the widespread clinical uptake of RDN until such time as the true benefits or otherwise of RDN had been evaluated in well-controlled studies, in a variety of patient subgroups with hypertension and possibly other cardiovascular conditions, including heart failure. Two important studies now deserve further commentary. SPYRAL HTN-ON MED10 was a proof-of-concept randomised trial of BP lowering with the Symplicity Spyral multielectrode renal denervation catheter and the Symplicity G3 renal denervation RF generator (Medtronic), used to provide circumferential radiofrequency ablation treatments in a spiral pattern in the four quadrants of the renal artery and branch vessels. The control group received a sham procedure. A total of 467 patients were recruited into this trial, and subsequently 80 with uncontrolled BP (office SBP 150–180 mmHg, a 24-hour ambulatory SBP between 140 and 170 mmHg) and receiving one to three antihypertensive drugs were randomised to RDN or sham procedure. The primary efficacy end point was change from baseline ambulatory BP at 6 months. After 6 months, baseline-adjusted treatment differences between the RDN and sham control groups were −7.0/−4.3 mmHg for 24-hour ambulatory BP and −6.6/−4.2 mmHg for office BP in favour of RDN. Both results were statistically significant. No procedural or other adverse events were reported. In SPYRAL HTN-OFF MED,11 331 patients with an office SBP between 150 and 180 mmHg were randomly assigned RDN using the same procedure as for the ontreatment trial or sham control. The primary efficacy end point was baseline-adjusted change in 24-hour SBP at 3 months. The treatment differences between the two groups at 3 months in favour of RDN were 3.9 mmHg for 24-hour SBP and 6.5 mmHg for office SBP. Both differences were statistically significant. Again, no procedural or other adverse events were reported. Thus, after more than a decade, RDN comes of age. The sponsors of these trials are to be co","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320936094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320936094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38074434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) and angiotensinogen (AGT M235T) polymorphisms with the risk of obesity in a Tunisian population.","authors":"Wided Khamlaoui,&nbsp;Sounira Mehri,&nbsp;Sonia Hammami,&nbsp;Roberto Elosua,&nbsp;Mohamed Hammami","doi":"10.1177/1470320320907820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320907820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine whether genetic variants in ACE I/D and AGT M235T are associated with overweight-obesity and body mass index (BMI) in a Tunisian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed an age- and sex-matched case-control study. The height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. A total of 259 overweight-obese patients and 369 healthy controls were genotyped for the ACE I/D and AGT M235T genes using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ACE I/D and AGT M235T genes were associated with BMI, waist circumference and overweight-obesity (p⩽0.001). In an additive model, the I and the M alleles in ACE and AGT variants, respectively, were associated with a lower BMI: -1.45 and -2.29 units, respectively. ACE I/D genotypes were associated with dyslipidemia; AGT M235T genotypes with dyslipidemia and total cholesterol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that variations in ACE I/D and AGT M235T affect the risk of overweight-obesity, BMI and dyslipidemia, and could point to a key molecular pathway of metabolic syndrome and its related comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320907820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320907820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37891625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease, heart failure and COVID-19.","authors":"Luca Faconti, Philip J Chowienczyk, Ajay M Shah","doi":"10.1177/1470320320926903","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1470320320926903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320926903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/ee/10.1177_1470320320926903.PMC7243040.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37956682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramipril pretreatment worsened renal injury and survival despite a reduction in renal inflammation in experimentally induced sepsis in mice.","authors":"Tzvetanka Bondeva,&nbsp;Katrin Schindler,&nbsp;Claudia Schindler,&nbsp;Gunter Wolf","doi":"10.1177/1470320320923977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320923977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril is a standard antihypertensive therapy for many patients. Because angiotensin II may promote inflammation, we were interested in whether basal pretreatment with ramipril may modify renal function and inflammation as well as systemic outcome in experimentally induced sepsis in mice.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ramipril (10 mg/kg/day) pretreatment or placebo (NaCl) was given intraperitoneally for 5 days to C57BL6/J mice, followed by either sham operation or cecal ligation and puncture sepsis induction. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunological stains were used to evaluate renal gene and protein expression, respectively. Plasma creatinine, neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin, and blood urea nitrogen were used as markers for renal function. A clinical severity score was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of ramipril before cecal ligation and puncture surgery was associated with reduced renal inflammation but did not improved renal function and structure and even worsened the clinical status of septic mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data suggest that the effects of ramipril pretreatment are complex. Additional studies including monitoring of hemodynamic parameters are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanism(s) of this observation. In addition, the timing of the ramipril administration could be of importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320923977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320923977","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37946693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic association study of prolylcarboxypeptidase polymorphisms with susceptibility to essential hypertension in the Yi minority of China: A case-control study based on an isolated population.","authors":"Yanrui Wu,&nbsp;Hongju Yang,&nbsp;Chunjie Xiao","doi":"10.1177/1470320320919586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320919586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) is a negative regulator of the pressor actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. It is also involved in the kallikrein-kinin system. This gene has an important role in blood pressure (BP) regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was performed for 615 Yi participants (303 cases and 312 controls) from a remote mountainous area in Yunnan Province of China. For the PRCP gene, 11 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PRCP gene rs12290550 was associated with the occurrence of essential hypertension (EH) and BP traits. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the rs12290550 T allele was significantly linked to the risk of EH (odds ratio (OR) = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44-2.39, p = 0.2 × 10^-5). Under Bonferroni correction, the H7 TAGCACTAACA haplotype containing the risk allele rs12290550 T increased the risk of EH (OR = 4.53, 95% CI 2.29-8.93, p = 0.2×10^-5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study demonstrate the strong association of the PRCP gene with EH. rs12290550 may be a useful genetic predictor of EH in the Yi minority.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320919586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320919586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37970984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to pediatric asthma: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhengyang Shao,&nbsp;Haili Jin,&nbsp;Hong Sun,&nbsp;Chenxia Dong,&nbsp;Binbin Xu,&nbsp;Lu Zhan","doi":"10.1177/1470320320923475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320923475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The correlation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (<i>ACE</i>) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with pediatric asthma risk was assessed in this meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CNKI databases were systematically searched for relevant literature, followed by application of odds ratios (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) for determining the strength of relationship.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven articles with 802 cases and 632 controls fulfilled the inclusion criteria. As a result, the <i>ACE</i> I/D polymorphism was related to elevated pediatric asthma risk (D vs I: OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.59-2.20; dominant model: OR =1.53, 95% CI = 1.28-1.81; recessive model: OR =1.54, 95% CI = 1.28-1.85; DD vs II: OR =2.95, 95% CI = 2.19-3.98; DI vs II: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.78-1.19). Subgroup analysis stratified by race revealed significant interrelation in Asians.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis demonstrated that the <i>ACE</i> I/D polymorphism might be related to the risk of pediatric asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320923475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320923475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37990398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers favorably affect renal angiotensin II and MAS receptor expression in patients with diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Ye-Ping Ma,&nbsp;Yue Yang,&nbsp;Shi-Min Jiang,&nbsp;Lin Liu,&nbsp;Zheng Zhang,&nbsp;Yi-Ning Wang,&nbsp;Gu-Ming Zou,&nbsp;Wen-Ge Li","doi":"10.1177/1470320320919607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320919607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aims of this study were to assess the renal expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and MAS receptor in human type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 115 patients diagnosed with DN by renal biopsy were enrolled in this study. The protein expression levels of the AT1R, AT2R, and MAS receptors were assessed by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The protein expression levels of AT1R, AT2R, and MAS receptor in the renal biopsy tissue were correlated with the pathologic classification of DN. Tubulointerstitial AT1R expression in patients of class IIb was significantly stronger than control samples (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Expression of AT2R and MAS receptors were highest with class IIb DN patients. When DN patients were treated with AT1R blocker (ARB), the expression of AT1R was downregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the MAS receptor was upregulated in tubular interstitial (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results directly observed that renal expression levels of AT1R increase during the early stages of DN, ARB reducing AT1R while increasing MAS receptor. Therefore, ARB should be used as soon as possible in patients with DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320919607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320919607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37902456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and hypertension.","authors":"Spoorthy Kulkarni, Bernadette L Jenner, Ian Wilkinson","doi":"10.1177/1470320320927851","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1470320320927851","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with SARS-Cov-2 is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which the WHO has described as a pandemic. As of July 27th, 2020, this disease has killed more than 16.3 million people worldwide and it appears that underlying cardiovascular disease constitutes substantial comorbidity correlated with the clinical decline and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Preliminary reports stated that hypertension may be associated with increased risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection but it now appears that older age and hypertension-related comorbidities somewhat confound this relationship. However, following the initial findings of using RAAS blockers with a higher risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection and a more serious course of COVID-19, it is now recognized that no solid scientific results are available in humans to support them. The application of RAAS blockers care in patients with appropriate indications are widely recommended by major international research organizations.","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320927851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320927851","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37956841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of irbesartan on myocardial injury in diabetic rats: The role of NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway.","authors":"Li Rong,&nbsp;Shuo Sun,&nbsp;Feiyu Zhu,&nbsp;Qingmei Xu,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Qin Gao,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Bi Tang,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Hongju Wang,&nbsp;Pinfang Kang","doi":"10.1177/1470320320926049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320320926049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To observe the mechanism of myocardial injury in diabetic rats after irbesartan intervention and analyze the role of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory pathway. The experiment was divided into four groups: normal control group (CON), high glucose and high caloric diet group (HC), diabetes group (DM) and diabetes+irbesartan group (DM+Ir). Compared with CON group, in HC group, triglyceride, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose levels were increased; however, there was no significant difference of the cardiac function, the degree of myocardial fibrosis, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 mRNA and protein expressions and the releasing of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Compared with HC group, in DM group, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, IL-1β and IL-18 levels, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 mRNA and protein expressions and the degree of myocardial fibrosis were increased, but the cardiac function was decreased. Compared with DM group, there were no changes in total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose, the degree of myocardial fibrosis cardiac function was attenuated, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 expressions, IL-1β and IL-18 levels were reduced in DM+Ir group. The results suggested that irbesartan may exert myocardial protection by inhibiting the expression of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway in diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":17330,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System","volume":"21 2","pages":"1470320320926049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1470320320926049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37983429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}