Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists最新文献

{"title":"TAP Block in Postoperative Analgesia, A First Time Clinical Trial In Bangladesh","authors":"B. Paul, D. Banik, A. S. Alam","doi":"10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28992","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In perioperative care, a reliable pain management is a vital appeal. Over recent years, Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block is introduced as an important component of multimodal analgesia. Objective: To evaluate efficacy of TAP block in postoperative analgesia for Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) with subarachnoid block (SAB) in comparison of morphine consumption and VAS score. Methods: 60 patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups (TAP group-A & control group-B). Standard SAB was applied to all patients for elective TAH. Immediate after operation classical TAP block was performed through both Lumber Triangle Of Petit (LTOP) of group A patients. Both groups were placed in Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), arranged a common standard postoperative analgesic regimen for all, observed periodically and documented it accordingly in pre-designed data sheet. Results: TAP block prolonged the mean time of 1 st required I/V morphine (TAP vs control, mean±SD 271.23±40.34 vs 195.33±22.16 min., p=0.001 HS ). Morphine requirement was also reduced (17.4±5.4 vs 26.2±4.4 mg, p=0.001 HS ). Pain VAS scores at rest and movement were also reduced at all time period (p≤ 0.01 to 0.001). There was no complication attributed to the TAP block. Conclusion: TAP block provided considerably effective postoperative analgesia in first 24 hours after major abdominal surgery like TAH. Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 3-11","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"387 1","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74967833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Randomised Clinical Study Between Nebulised Fentanyl and Intravenous Fentanyl For Post Operative Pain Relief","authors":"R. Ershad, M. Hossain, M. Alam, A. Asaduzzaman","doi":"10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28997","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim : Intravenous (IV) route for fentanyl administration is very effective for postoperative pain relief, but complications such as respiratory depression, bradycardia and hypotension have limited this route. The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to compare the efficacy of nebulised fentanyl with IV fentanyl for post-operative pain relief after lower abdominal surgery. Methods:In the post-operative wards, at the time of first onset of pain( visual analogue scale- VAS score > 5) patients were randomised into two groups and either fentanyl IV 2 ig/kg or by nebulisation of solution containing 4 μg/kg fentanyl over 6-8 min in 120 patients divided into two groups of 60 each. Observation were made for pain relief by visual analogue scale score 0-10. Adverse effects such as respiratory depression, bradycardia and hypotension were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Medcalc software version 12, 2012. (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Results: In the nebulisation group, it was observed that the analgesic efficacy of fentanyl had little delayed onset (10 min vs. 5 min). Nebulisation with 4 μg/kg fentanyl produced analgesia at par to 2 μg/kg IV fentanyl with prolonged duration (90 min vs. 30 min) and with significantly less adverse effects. Conclusions:This study shows that nebulisation with 4 ig/kg fentanyl may be used as an alternative to IV 2 ig/kg fentanyl for adequate post-operative pain relief. Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 27-30","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"92 1","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76397090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Casualty in A Building Collapse: Techniques of Anaesthesia in Mass Casualty Management (Rana Plaza Collapse at Savar, Bangladesh)","authors":"H. Murshed, A. Islam, Atiqul Hoque Sarder","doi":"10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28993","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Management of mass casualties in a disaster like situation needs much of discussion. Proper planning and preparation can markedly change the mortality and morbidity following these events. Similarly right use of special skill of anesthesiologists in the management of mass casualty is of immense value. Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate general injury profile, pattern of operations and anesthesia performed during mass casualty management of patients treated in the department of Anesthesia and Intensive care unit of Combined Military Hospitals, Savar. Methods: This study retrospectively investigated the clinical records of 155 patient’s files registered by many different doctors. We used discharge diagnosis, and when available objective x-ray or CT scan used for verification of fractures. Results: Among 431 patients reported to emergency and casualty department, 407 (94.431%) is admitted to hospital. Among 431 patients only 155 (35.962%) is treated in the department of Anesthesia and Intensive care. Among 155 patients of ICU, most of the injuries were blunt trauma soft tissue, rest of the injuries were fractures, head injuries, crush injuries etc, which accounts 95 (61.29%) patients. Majority of surgical procedure included wound debridment, fasciotomy, amputation and external fixation; constituted 51(33%) patients. 132(84%) surgical procedure performed under TIVA with ketamine, 22 (15%) under different regional techniques and only one patient received general anesthesia. Conclusion: Bangladesh is situated in a seismically active zone; fortunately no major earthquake has striken since 1940. Accelerated urbanization and high population densities in all cities are increasing the vulnerability of Bangladesh to catastrophic number of death and injuries. Ninety percent of casualties after earthquake result directly from the collapse of buildings in urban areas. The special skills of the anesthesiologist are of tremendous value in contributing mass casualty management in ICU and operating room. Our study concludes that surgical services can be maximized with the judicious and intelligent use of ketamine and regional anesthetic technique; rather than general anesthesia. Definitely it has strong value in maximizing use of scare resource in country like Bangladesh. Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 12-16","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"33 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82424291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separation Time of Children From Parents: A Randomized Comparison Between oral versus Atomized Intranasal Administration of Midazolam","authors":"M. Obaidullah, P. Sarkar, Manash Kumer Basu, M. Faruq, S. Yeasmeen, Mehtab Khan, Rabeya Begum","doi":"10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/JBSA.V27I1.28994","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sedation has become more common for children undergoing procedures in the emergency department, dentistry, and day care surgery. A desirable sedative agent has a rapid onset with short duration of action and is effective and safe. Midazolam as a sedative agent that fulfills these criteria. However controversy surrounds regarding its route of administration, particularly with respect to its ease of administration and patient acceptance. Although the oral route of administration is the most popular among pediatric surgeons and dentists, confrontation and frustration often arise when children refuse to accept the sedative medication. Objectives: To evaluate the outcome (satisfactory anxiolysis and smooth early parental separation) between oral midazolam (OM) and intranasal midazolam(INM)spray in children for conscious sedation before general anaesthesia. Methods: Children aged 1 – 6 years scheduled for routine elective surgery were included to receive midazolam as premedication drug. A total of 80 children were recruited consecutively. Of them 40 were randomly assigned to either single dose of 0.5 mg/kg via oral route (OM0) or 0.5 mg/kg of body weight by intranasal spray(INM). The outcome variables were smooth separation of children from their parents at the level of conscious sedation and time to smooth separation. Results: No change in sedation score was evident in first 3 minutes following midazolam administration. Then the sedation score of INM group increased sharply to assume a mean score of 2 at 9 minutes. No demonstrated change was further noted up to the end of observation. Meanwhile the sedation score of OM group began to increase steadily up to the end of observation when it assumed a mean score of 1.5. The INM group attained a good level of sedation much earlier than its OM counterpart. The mean sedation scores were significantly higher in the former group than those in the latter group. During the first 3 minutes of midazolam administration no change in anxiolysis was noted. Then the score began to increase in both the INM and OM groups, but INM group experienced a much faster increase than the OM group so that the former group reached a mean score of almost 3 and the latter group to a mean score of nearly 2 at 15 minutes interval. The levels of anxiolysis attained by the intranasal group were significantly higher compared to those attained by the oral midazolam group (table II).All but 1 children (97.5%) in the INM group were separated from their parents smoothly as opposed to 90% in the OM group (p = 0.148). In the INM group 12.8% of children were separated at 9 minutes, 69.2% from 10 – 12 minutes (over two-thirds) and 18% from 15 – 18 minutes. In the OM group 13.9% were separated at 15 minutes, about 39% at 18 – 21 minutes, 22.3% at 24 minutes and the rest 11.1% at 27 minutes after premedication. Overall more than 80% of the children in the INM group were separated at 9 – 12 minutes following midazolam administration when","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"53 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86138428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaesthesia for the Stroke Patients New Challenges for Anaesthesiologist","authors":"M. A. Rahman","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v27i1.28991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v27i1.28991","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 1-2","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75744786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Ketorolac As An Adjuvant in Bier’s Block","authors":"Habibul Hai Masud, U. Khatun, Mozaffer Hossain, Mohiuddin Shoman, Md Tanveer Alam, Subrata Mondal","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65959","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bier’s block has been most commonly used for hand and wrist surgery of short duration. Though it reduces the potential complication of general anaesthesia, significant post-operative pain is very common just after tourniquet release. Many adjuvants eg. fentanyl, pethidine, morphine, sodi-bicarb, pancuronium, ketorolac etc. have been used so far with local anaesthetic to produce a dense block and to provide adequate post-operative analgesia. Of them Ketorolac was used very successfully as it has got less potential side-effects. This study was done to see the effect of ketorolac in Bier’s block whether and how much it provides post-operative analgesia after tourniquet release.\u0000Method: The effectiveness of combination of Lignocaine and Ketorolac as an anaesthetic solution in Bier’s block was assessed in terms of reduction of tourniquet pain, quality of anaesthesia, the time of first analgesic demanmd and the amount of total analgesic needed in post-operative 24-hours period. A total of sixty patients of ASA grade-1 and ASA grade-2 undergoing hand and wrist surgery of less than 40 minute duration were enrolled for the study. Patients in control group (Gr-L) were received forty ml of 0.5%Lignocaine and patients in trial group (Gr-LK) were received 39-ml of 0.5% Lignocaine with 1 ml (30 mg) of Ketorolac as an anaesthetic solution. Patient was observed postoperatively for 24 hours.\u0000Result: Pain was assessed in terms of VAS , and by measuring Heart rate and Blood pressure to assess sympathetic stimulation due to pain. Tourniquet pain was significantly less in Gr- LK (p<0.000). Postoperative analgesia was also significantly prolonged in Gr- LK (76.40 ± 11.78 min) than in Gr- L (27.30 ± 8.18 min). The number of total analgesic demand in postoperative 24 hours period was also significantly reduced in Gr-LK (p<0.000)\u0000Conclusion: The Lignocaine and Ketorolac mixture in Bier’s block produces significant anaesthesia and also provides adequate postoperative analgesia and causes less analgesic demand in postoperative period. These advantages ensure cost-effectiveness, shorter hospital stay and ultimately satisfactory patient outcome.\u0000JBSA 2016; 29(2): 54-61","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78277440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Fentanyl and Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Bupivacain and Lignocaine in Supraclavicular Brachialplexus Block for Upper Limb Surgeries","authors":"Md. Mushfiqur Rahman, M. Hasan, M. K. Rahman, A. Chowdhury, Dr. Md. Mushfiqur Rahman, Junior Consultant","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65960","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: The role of fentanyl as an adjuvant to regional blocks to hasten the onset of the local anesthetics or prolong their duration of action is proven. But recently, dexamethasone has been studied as an adjuvant to local anaesthetic in peripheral nerve block. The efficacy of dexamethasone compared to fentanyl as an adjuvant is not kn own. We aimed to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone versus fentanyl as an adjuvant to 0.5% Bupivacain with 2% lignocaine in infraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper limb surgeries.\u0000Material And Methods: Sixty American Society of Anaesthesiologists-I and II patients aged 18-65 years scheduled for upper limb surgery were randomized to two groups . Group A (n = 30) received 0.25% Bupivacaine 28 ml+ 2% Lignocaine 10 ml+ Fentanyl 2 ml(100μgm) = total 40 ml & Group B (n = 30) received 0.25 % Bupivacaine 28 ml+ 2% Lignocaine 10 ml+ Dexamethsone 2 ml( 10mg) = total 40 ml . The time to onset and peak effect, duration of the block (sensory and motor) time of first analgesic requirement were recorded. Chi-square and ANOVA test were used for categorical and continuous variables respectively P < 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: The duration of sensory and motor block in group A and B were 520 .0± 33 min, 235.2 ± 34.8 min and 710.0 ± 66.4 min and 312.3 ± 40.9 min respectively.There was significant prolongation of sensory and motor block in group B as compared to group A (P < 0.5). Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly more in groups B as compared with group A (P < 0.5). Clinically significant complications were absent.\u0000Conclusions: We conclude that dexamethasone is more efficacious than fentanyl as an adjuvant to 0.5% Bupivacain with 2% lignocaine in brachial plexus blocks.\u0000JBSA 2016; 29(2): 62-66","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90543777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystalloid Pre-Load or Co-Load In Prevention of Spinal Anaesthesia Induced Hypotension In Caesarean Section-A Comparative Study","authors":"Taneem Mohammad, Md Tanveer Alam, Gaurav Ratna Bajracharya, Mozaffer Hossain, Md. Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65958","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available\u0000JBSA 2016; 29(2):45-53","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cesarean Delivery Profile in a Military Hospital of Bangladesh- A Retrospective Study","authors":"H. Morshed, I. Ara, A. Islam","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65955","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years there have been substantial increases in the cesarean delivery [CD] rates in Bangladesh.\u0000Objectives:With this background, a study was undertaken to describe cesarean delivery rate, indication of cesarean delivery, health outcome of mother and newborn attributed to the procedre.\u0000Methods: This retrospective chart review study [the period from February 1, 2014 to January 31, 2015] was carried out at Military Hospital of Bangladesh with the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee. CD rates were computed by several maternal and newborn characteristics including maternal age, neonatal birth weight and parity. Three categories were used for maternal age: less than 18 years, 18-34 years, and 35 or older. Three groups were also used for neonatal birth weight: less than 2499 grams (low birth weight), 2500-3999 grams, and 4000 grams or more (macrosomia). Parity was divided into two groups: primiparas and multiparas. Main indication for caesarean delivery was also collected from operation list submitted by the obstetricians. Types of surgery [e.g. emergency or elective] were also evaluated.\u0000Results: During the aforementioned period of time there were 617 deliveries, which included 166 normal vaginal deliveries (NVD) and 451 CD. There were two intrauterine fetal deaths. Two hundred and seventy two patients underwent primary CD (i.e. with no history of previous cesarean section). There was exclusion of 23 deliveries [lack of records]. Thus study population consisted of 594 women and their newborns. Cesarean delivery rate obtained for the period studied was 72.05% (428/594), with primary CD rate being 62.10% (272/438).\u0000Conclusions: We conclude that the incidence of CD at our hospital is too high. Further studies are needed to provide clear answers as to the causes [etiologies] of this trend.\u0000JBSA 2016; 29(2): 39-44","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84619758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Intravenous Ondansetron Versus Ephedrine as Prophylactic Against Hypotension and Bradycardia Following Spinal Anaesthesia in Elective Caesarean Section - A Comparative Study","authors":"M. Islam, Moinul Hossain Chowdhury, Subrata Mondal, Rabeya Begum, Mozaffer Hossain, Md. Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v29i2.65962","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The pathophysiological mechanism involved in the occurrence of hypotension and bradycardia following central neuroaxial blockade is peripheral vasodilatation, parasympathetic dominance and increased baroreceptor activity.Current studies correlate these haemodynamic changes with activation of a phenomenon naming Bezold-Jarisch reflex (BJR). 5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 is an important factor associated with inducing BJR and Ondansetron antagonizes the induction of BJR.\u0000Objective: To compare the efficacy between ondansetron and ephedrine as prophylactic against spinal anaesthesia induced hypotension and bradycardia.\u0000Method: 120 mothers of ASA grade I and II scheduled for elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were selected and randomized into two equal groups naming Group A(n=60) and Group B (n=60). Group A received Ondansetron IV (0.1mg/kg body wt) and group B Ephedrine (0.15 mg/kg body wt) 5 minutes prior spinal anaesthesia. Data were recorded before and just after anaesthesia and at two minutes intervals up to 10th minute followed by five minutes intervals until the end of surgery. Results analyzed using unpaired t-test. A “P” value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000Result: Group A showed slight but statistically significant higher heart rate than after Group B at 10th min and 15th min (P=0.001). Statistically significant higher values of MAP in Group A found up to the 15th minute of perioperative period. Rescue medications for hypotension were significantly higher in Ephedrine group. Shivering is common for both groups ,whereas nausea and vomiting is significantly less in group A.\u0000Conclusion: Ondansetron and Ephedrine has potential role to prevent spinal anaesthesia induced hypotension and bradycardia but Ondansetron shows better efficacy. Ondansetron also plays important role in prevention nausea and vomiting.\u0000JBSA 2016; 29(2): 67-74","PeriodicalId":17242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76328875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}