{"title":"RadMAC: radar-enabled link obstruction avoidance for agile mm-wave beamsteering","authors":"L. Simić, J. Arnold, M. Petrova, P. Mähönen","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980134","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication technology can provide multi-Gbps connectivity but directional mm-wave links are easily blocked by moving obstacles, e.g. humans, common in indoor environments. Seamless high speed data provisioning thus necessitates timely beamsteering to secondary reflected links in case of primary link obstruction. Making smart beam-switching decisions requires superior environment awareness, to predict and avoid link obstruction. We propose the novel concept of radar-enhanced mm-wave medium access --- RadMAC --- where radar is integrated with the mm-wave link to locate and track moving obstacles and avoid link disruption by preemptively switching to the best available unblocked link. We experimentally demonstrate the benefit of obstacle-tracking radar for agile mm-wave beamsteering, showing RadMAC can significantly enhance throughput and link stability. We argue that practical RadMAC implementation will be feasible using emerging single-chip mm-wave radar and communications solutions.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127798501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No time at all: opportunity cost of Android permissions (invited paper)","authors":"Gradeigh Clark, Swapnil Sarode, J. Lindqvist","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980117","url":null,"abstract":"App permissions detail the privacy-sensitive access to users' location, contact information, network access, and more. In this paper, we draw from the motivational work of McDonald and Cranor [18] on web privacy policies to investigate the opportunity cost for users and the United States if people would read these permission screens on mobile devices during installation or launch time. We also demonstrate the time and cost differences between different versions of Android's permissions model. Based on our findings, an average user of Android M may spend less than two minutes annually viewing permission screens. This would mean a maximum annual opportunity cost of $1.29 and a minimum of $0.16 based on whether it was read at work or leisure. Reading detailed permissions screens in older versions of Android could require a user to spend nearly 90 minutes annually with a maximum cost of $67.24 and a minimum of $8.40. In our estimates, the United States would have to invest between a leisure cost of $36.67 million and a work cost of $293.6 million for Android M. However, these costs are small in comparison to costs needed in older versions of Android that could use up to as much as $1.87 billion in leisure costs and $15.03 billion in work costs. We conclude that updates to Google's permissions layout has reduced the time and opportunity cost to the point where, with Android M, they are at an all-time low.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127397508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vision-track: vision based indoor tracking in anchor-free regions","authors":"G. Tummala, Rupam Kundu, P. Sinha, R. Ramnath","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980135","url":null,"abstract":"Smart-devices can render high quality location services when endowed with the ability to analyze information conveyed through video feed. In this paper, we aim to provide tracking services by using a mobile smart camera such as in google glasses and smartphones considering the following three objectives: (1) No additional deployment, (2) No user-side instrumentation or hardware upgrades, and (3) Easy adoption in practice. Existing RF or VLC based solutions for indoor tracking can provide location and orientation only when there are dense deployments of APs or VLC bulbs (anchor points) in user's field of view. Vision-Track is the first vision based solution that can track the camera's location and orientation indoors even when no anchor point is in line-of-sight (LOS). Vision-Track deployed in an indoor college building provides a median localization accuracy of 49 cm.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121752011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Passive wi-fi and interscatter","authors":"Bryce Kellogg","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980121","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquity of Wi-Fi has been a boon to pervasive connectivity of devices; We have Wi-Fi in our homes, schools, offices, and even factories. However, Wi-Fi has long been underutilized in the IoT space in favor of other wireless protocols such as Zigbee or BLE. This results in less than optimal deployment solutions that do not fully take advantage of the enormous existing installation base of Wi-Fi. One of the main reasons for the lack of use of Wi-Fi in IoT is the incredible power consumtion of Wi-Fi radios. While transmitting, a Wi-Fi radio can consume 100s of mW of power, much too much for a simple batter limited IoT device. With Passive Wi-Fi we show how Wi-Fi connectivity can be achieved for 10,000x lower power than traditional Wi-Fi and 1,000x lower power than BLE or Zigbee by synthesizing Wi-Fi packets using only reflections. This opens up the possibility of using Wi-Fi everywhere, even on the most power constrained of IoT devices. Additionally, with Interscatter we demonstrate how to use reflections to transform BLE transmissions into Wi-Fi packets. This can allow phones, smartwatches, or other BLE devices to interrogate low power backscatter devices with no hardware modifications, and brings backscatter into the personal area network space. These technologies have the potential to make backscatter a first class citizen in IoT wireless communication by allowing them to communicate with existing ecosystems and current consumer devices.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125656689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RSS step size: 1 dB is not enough!","authors":"Anh Luong, A. Abrar, T. Schmid, Neal Patwari","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980128","url":null,"abstract":"A radio transceiver normally provides received signal strength (RSS) quantized with 1 dB or higher step size. Currently, we know of no application which has demonstrated a need for sub-dB RSS estimates. In this paper, we demonstrate the need for, and benefits of, greater resolution in RSS for breathing rate monitoring and gesture recognition. Measuring RSS requires orders of magnitude less bandwidth than measuring OFDM channel state information (CSI) or frequency modulated carrier wave (FMCW) channel delay. We have designed a prototype with an off-the-shelf low-power transceiver and a processor to achieve an RSS estimate with a median error of 0.013 dB. We experimentally verify its performance in non-contact breathing monitoring and gesture recognition. We demonstrate that simply decreasing the step size of RSS lower than 1 dB can enable significant benefits, enabling extremely low bandwidth RF sensing systems. Results indicate that RFIC designers could enable significant gains for RF sensing applications with four more bits of RSS quantization.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"6 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114018452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CAP on mobility control for 4G LTE networks","authors":"Yuanjie Li, Zengwen Yuan, Chunyi Peng, Songwu Lu","doi":"10.1145/2973750.2980120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2973750.2980120","url":null,"abstract":"The CAP theorem [1] exposes the fundamental tradeoffs among three key properties of strong consistency, availability and partition tolerance in distributed networked systems. In this position paper, we take the CAP perspective on 4G mobility control. We view the control-plane management for mobility support as a distributed signaling system. We show that the impossibility result of the CAP theorem also holds for mobility control: It is impossible for any mobility control to guarantee sequential consistency, high service availability, and partition tolerance simultaneously. Unfortunately, the current 4G system adopts its mobility scheme with the notion of sequential consistency. Our empirical study further confirms that, the incurred data unavailability (i.e., data service suspension) time is comparable to that induced by wireless connectivity setup. We argue that the desirable mobility control for the upcoming 5G networks should take a paradigm shift. We discuss our early effort on re-examining the consistency notion for higher availability and fault tolerance.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124765212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benchmarking resource usage for spectrum sensing on commodity mobile devices","authors":"Ayon Chakraborty, Udit Gupta, Samir R Das","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980129","url":null,"abstract":"Effective management of various white space spectra may require spectrum sensing at finer spatial granularity than is feasible with expensive laboratory-grade spectrum sensors. To enable this, we envision a future where commodity mobile devices would be capable of spectrum sensing as needed, possibly via crowd-sourcing. However, since mobile devices are resource limited, understanding their resource usage in this set up is important, specifically in terms of overall latency and energy usage. In this work, we carry out a comprehensive performance benchmarking study using 4 different USB-powered software radios and 2 common smartphone/ embedded computers as mobile spectrum sensing platforms. The study evaluates latency and energy usage using a suite of commonly used sensing algorithms specifically targeting TV white space spectrum. The study shows that latency due to sensing and computation and related energy usage are both modest.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123195362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Pérez-Penichet, Frederik Hermans, Ambuj Varshney, T. Voigt
{"title":"Augmenting IoT networks with backscatter-enabled passive sensor tags","authors":"C. Pérez-Penichet, Frederik Hermans, Ambuj Varshney, T. Voigt","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980132","url":null,"abstract":"The sensing modalities available in an Internet-of-Things (IoT) network are usually fixed before deployment, when the operator selects a suitable IoT platform. Retrofitting a deployment with additional sensors can be cumbersome, because it requires either modifying the deployed hardware or adding new devices that then have to be maintained. In this paper, we present our vision and work towards passive sensor tags: battery-free devices that allow to augment existing IoT deployments with additional sensing capabilities without the need to modify the existing deployment. Our passive sensor tags use backscatter transmissions to communicate with the deployed network. Crucially, they do this in a way that is compatible with the deployed network's radio protocol, and without the need for additional infrastructure. We present an FPGA-based prototype of a passive sensor tag that can communicate with unmodified 802.15.4 IoT devices. Our initial experiments with the prototype support the feasibility of our approach. We also lay out the next steps towards fully realizing the vision of passive sensor tags.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124169243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward immersive mobile virtual reality","authors":"David Chu","doi":"10.1145/2980115.2980123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2980115.2980123","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR HMDs) are attracting users with the promise of full sensory immersion in virtual environments. Creating the illusion of immersion on HMDs requires high framerate, low latency, and high visual quality --- a tall order for mobile device-based VR approaches. In this talk, I will discuss two systems we have built to overcome the inherent limitations of mobile VR. The first, Outatime, focuses on compute offload via app streaming, an emerging app execution model in which remote rendering servers stream interactive video to thin clients. While servers dwarf mobile devices in compute power, the key challenge is coping with network latency. I will discuss how we have employed speculative execution to overcome this challenge on high-quality VR games. The second system, Flashback, aggressively precomputes all possible images that a VR user might encounter well ahead of time. During run-time, Flashback indexes into the device's storage hierarchy to quickly lookup images that the user ought to be seeing. Flashback not only works for static scenes, but also for dynamic scenes with moving and animated objects. We observe substantial improvements in framerate, latency and energy consumption. In some cases, it even delivers better framerate and responsiveness than a tethered high-end computer.","PeriodicalId":172085,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125269323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}