Journal of Solid Tumors最新文献

{"title":"High tumour-associated macrophages infiltration is correlated with poor survival outcome in classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma","authors":"J. Al-Maghrabi, Wafaey Gomaa, Zuhoor Al-Mansouri, Mohamed I. El-sayed, T. El-Khodary","doi":"10.5430/JST.V6N1P9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V6N1P9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) represents the majority of HLs with a relatively good prognosis. In 20% ofpatients, primary treatment fails. Prediction of treatment failure is critical. A gene signature of tumour associated macrophages(TAM) correlated with response to treatment as CD68 positive TAM was found to be associated with shortened survival. We aimto investigate the relation CD68+TAM infiltration to patients’ outcome. Patients and Methods: Pathological materials of 115 patients with cHL were used. Clinical characteristics of patients werecollected from the records. CD68 immunostaining was performed to determine the number of infiltrating TAM and subsequentlyfollowed by stratification of results. Results of CD68 immunostaining were statistically analysed to correlate the extent of CD68+TAM infiltration with clinicopathological characteristics, treatment outcome, and patients’ survival. Results: High CD68+TAM infiltration was observed in more patients of cHL (96/115 of patients = 83.5%). High CD68+TAMinfiltration was associated with extranodal presentation (p = .001), and higher stage (p = .022). No associations with otherclinicopathological parameters were found. High CD68+TAM infiltration was not found to be an independent predictor oftreatment outcome. High CD68+TAM infiltration correlated with disease free survival (DFS) (log-rank = 4.505, p = .034) but notwith disease specific survival (DSS) (log-rank = 1.371, p = .242). Conclusions: The results of our study support the adverse prognostic effect of high TAM in cHL. Technical standardisation ofCD68 immunostaining is required to establish TAM infiltration as a prognostic predictor. Also in vivo and in vitro cHL modelshave to be established for proper understanding of the role of CD68 in modulating the TAM in cHL.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"195 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77942144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma treatment strategies - a case-based review","authors":"Rute Alves, M. Gomes, C. Macedo, H. Miranda, F. Nery","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P120","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and one of the fastest growing causes of cancer-related mortality, being mostly diagnosed in patients with cirrhosis. Despite the recent efforts regarding an earlier diagnosis, the majority of patients are at advanced stages at first presentation, when the potential for institution of curative strategies is scarce. This tumor is remarkable because it occurs mostly superimposed on chronic liver diseases, which entails the need to take special attention to liver function preservation and hepatotoxicity prevention when choosing a specific therapy. Major changes had occurred in the management of HCC in the last decade. The decision-making process must be based on an accurate staging of the patient, using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, updated knowledge of the new therapeutic options, their contraindications and the potential local or systemic complications. The authors start from 4 clinical different scenarios, in order to objectively discuss the therapeutic options available and the decision-making-process based on the staging system.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"54 1","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80681795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV prophylactic vaccines: Second-generation or first-generation vaccines","authors":"Kimia Kardani, G. Mardani, A. Bolhassani","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P112","url":null,"abstract":"High-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with genital cancers especially cervical cancer. United State Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has recently licensed two first-generation prophylactic vaccines ( i.e. , Gardasil and Cervarix), for control of HPV 16 and 18 infections. Both vaccines are able to generate neutralizing antibodies against major capsid protein L1 assembled as virus-like particles (VLPs). To enhance protection against other HPV genotypes, second-generation vaccines are underway. A HPV L1-based nonavalent vaccine showed is potent and safe in prevention of precancerous lesions associated with HPV types 16/18/31/33/45/52/58, as well as anogenital warts associated with HPV types 6/11. This vaccine is in the advanced stage of phase III clinical trials. Other second-generation vaccines were based on L1-pentameric subunits and also the minor capsid protein L2 that have shown to be effective in preclinical studies. The L2 protein co-assembles with the L1 protein for VLP formation increasing virion aggregation. This mini-review describes two vaccination strategies including first-generation and second-generation vaccines against HPV infections.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"37 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84028299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irinotecan and temozolomide in adults with recurrent sarcoma","authors":"P. Blanchette, Aaron Lo, P. Ng, A. Razak, E. Amir, D. Hogg, M. Blackstein, Abha A. Gupta","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P105","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The combination of irinotecan and temozolomide (IT) has shown promising activity in children treated for recurrent sarcoma. This study investigates the safety and efficacy of IT chemotherapy in adults with recurrent sarcoma. Materials/Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients with recurrent sarcoma who received IT chemotherapy from 2009-2013. Outcomes of interest were time to treatment failure (TTF) and incidence of toxicity. Results: IT chemotherapy was used in 24 patients including: Ewing’s sarcoma (EWS, n=11, 46%); non-pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS, n=6, 25%); desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT, n=6, 25%); and leiomyosarcoma (n=1, 4%). Median TTF was 3.0 months (range 1.6-4.4). Partial responses were observed in 4 patients (17%), stable disease in 9 patients (37%) and progressive disease in 11 patients (46%). Grade 3 hematologic toxicity was as follows: anemia (n=5, 21%); neutropenia (n=3, 12%); and thrombocytopenia (n=1, 4%). Diarrhea was reported among 12 patients (50%) and 3 patients (12%) experienced severe diarrhea requiring hospitalization. Conclusion: IT chemotherapy is tolerable with modest activity and represents a reasonable choice for adults with recurrent EWS or DSCRT.  Further prospective studies aimed at this high risk population are warranted.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"29 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86860587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: Report from Children’s Cancer Hospital-57357-Egypt","authors":"Enas El-Nadi, H. Elzomor, Rania M Labib, Ahmad Samir Alfaar, M. Zaghloul, H. Taha, A. Younes, M. El‐Wakeel","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P94","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in the head and neck especially orbit represents a major anatomic site for this tumor in pediatrics. Orbital RMS is the most common primary orbital malignancy in children with approximately 35 new cases per year. Objectives: The aim of this work is to study cases of orbital RMS and assess epidemiology, clinical and pathological characteristics as well as survival outcomes. Methods: Patients diagnosed with orbital RMS between July 2007 and July 2012 follow-up till July 2014. They were treated according to IRS-IV and IRS V protocols. Case report forms were analyzed and treatment outcome, OS and FFS for patients were analyzed. Results: Seventeen orbital RMS patients were diagnosed at the mentioned period. Complete remission was identified in 7 (41.2%) cases, Partial remission in 4 (23.5%) cases and progressive disease in 4 (23.5%) cases while 2 cases died before evaluation. Three patients had experienced different management-related ophthalmic sequelae. Only one patient died due to chemotherapy-associated toxicity. The 4-years OS and 4-years FFS were 94.1 ± 5.7% and 65.4 ± 1.5% respectively. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that RMS cases that present with orbit involvement are associated with better clinical outcome. Future treatment of patients with non-metastatic orbital RMS will focus on adjustments in therapy to reduce acute and late adverse effects while maintaining their excellent treatment outcome. New therapeutic approaches are required for the patients whose present outcome is less than optimal.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"34 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82055976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real world experience with dose dense ac-paclitaxel: Two canadian cancer centers' experience","authors":"E. Tashkandi, M. Yan, J. Younus, M. Jawaid, C. Hamm, S. Kulkarni, Rasna Gupta, J. Matthews, T. Elfiki, L. Stitt","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P86","url":null,"abstract":"Early breast cancer treatment with dose dense Adriamycin-Cyclophosphamide and Paclitaxel (AC-P) has been shown to increase survival. However, it is commonly associated with neutropenia, anemia or both. This retrospective chart review study was done to evaluate the real world experience with this regimen and included a series of 83 adult women from the London Regional Cancer Program and 50 patients from the Windsor Regional Cancer Center who were treated with dose dense adjuvant AC-P for early breast cancer from January 2009 to August 2012. Toxicities like febrile neutropenia (FN) and anemia based on NCIC-CTC v2 criteria and grades were recorded along with the use of erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA), Neupogen or Neulasta, and blood transfusion. The majority of our patients (88.72%) were able to complete all 8 cycles of AC-Taxol, although 32 of these patients (24.06%) experienced delay during their treatment. Grade 3 anemia was seen in one patient after cycle #4 and increased to two patients after both cycles 5 and 7. Only one patient developed grade 4 anemia, observed in the 5th cycle. Blood transfusion was given to sixteen patients and three patients received ESA. The incidence of febrile neutropenia was only 3.00%. The majority of our patients completed all 8 cycles of dose dense AC-Paclitaxel without any delay. The use of Neupogen and Neulasta effectively kept the incidence of FN to 3.00% and only a minority of patients experienced anemia requiring transfusion or ESA. Based on our experience, the dose-dense schedule with AC-Paclitaxel is a feasible and tolerable regimen to treat patients with early breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"2 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87505480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer activity of a novel quinazolinone-chalcone derivative through cell cycle arrest in pancreatic cancer cell line","authors":"Z. Wani, A. Pathania, G. Mahajan, Akanksha Behl, M. Mintoo, S. Guru, A. Viswanath, F. Malik, A. Kamal, D. Mondhe","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P73","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genotoxic effects of many of clinically useful anticancer drugs are due to their interaction with the amino groups of nucleic acids. Literature reveals that the chalcones however may be devoid of this important side effect. With this view in mind, we synthesized a novel quinazolinone-chalcone derivative and evaluated its anticancer potential. Methods: Anticancer potential of A novel quinazolinone-chalcone derivative 2-Methyl-3-(3-((E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)-2-propenoyl)phenyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-quinazolinone (8b) was determined through MTT assay, colony formation assay, Wound healing assay, Cell cycle and Western Blot Analysis in Mia paca-2 cells treated with 8b. Results: The cytotoxicity studies showed a concentration dependent decrease in cell viability of HCT-116, HL-60, PC-3, A-549, Mia pacca-2 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC 50 values ranging from 5.5 to 8.5 µM. The motility of Mia paca-2 cells treated with 8b was found inhibited in a dose dependent manner. Cell cycle studies revealed a concentration dependent rise in G2/M phase of cell cycle from 1% to 52%. Decreased expression of cyclins regulating G2/M transition of the cell cycle (cyclin B1 and cdk1) was recorded after treatment of Mia Paca-2 cells with 8b. Mitochondrial membrane potential was also significantly lost in cultures exposed to 8b. However, nuclear morphology of 8b treated Mia paca-2 cells revealed no significant changes. 8b significantly inhibited the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Sarcoma-180 (ascites), Ehrlich tumor (solid) and Sarcoma-180 (solid). Conclusion: The findings are indicative of 8b exerting anticancer activity through cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and not through apoptosis. Reduction in the motility of Mia paca-2 cells indicates anti-metastatic potential of 8b.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"35 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84710581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposarcoma arising from the right renal sinus with inferior vena caval involvement","authors":"Yasuyuki Kobayashi, M. Nakayama, Kyosuke Matsuzaki, K. Takeda, Takahiro Yoshida, Y. Arai, K. Kakimoto, M. Yuki, Y. Tomita, Y. Ono, K. Nishimura","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P69","url":null,"abstract":"A woman aged 55 was introduced to our medical center for retroperitoneal tumor incidentally discovered by screening computerized tomography. Imaging showed a round fatty tumor extending into the right kidney and infiltrating into the inferior vena cava and no distant metastasis. We extirpated the tumor and tumor thrombus infiltrating the inferior vena cava along with the right kidney en bloc. Pathological examination showed well-differentiated liposarcoma that we believe had arisen from the renal sinus. Liposarcoma arising from the renal sinus with intravenous involvement is distinctly rare. Treatment by complete resection is recommended.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"38 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90490132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bullous pemphigoid appearing as superficial tissue necrosis after irradiation of the breast: Case history and definitive review of the literature","authors":"M. Trombetta, K. Erb, V. Kudithipudi, J. Small","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P53","url":null,"abstract":"Bullous pemphigoid is an unusual condition that occurs rarely as a complication following radiotherapy. Because of the difficulties in the diagnosis of this disease and the need for raising awareness of such as a complication of therapeutic intervention we present a case report and review of the literature with discussion to highlight this disease which can confound the management of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"3 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91001269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous chemoradiation following complete response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy provides improved outcomes in muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma","authors":"Javier J. Lopez Araujo, R. Jacob, C. Baden, J. Fiveash, M. Dobelbower, J. E. Bryant, G. Bolger","doi":"10.5430/JST.V5N2P59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V5N2P59","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with localized muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by continuous chemo-radiation (cCRT). To evaluate the prognostic significance of clinical complete response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in the setting of bladder preservation. Materials/Methods: From 2002 to 2012, twenty-two patients with cT2-4 N0-2 M0 MIBC were treated using cCRT for bladder preservation.  All patients were felt to be medically inoperable and/or refused cystectomy.  They were treated with maximal transurethral tumor resection (TURBT) and multiple cycles of platinum-doublet-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by definitive cCRT. Tumor response was evaluated with an abdomino-pelvic CT scan and cystoscopy 4 weeks after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 3 months after completion of all therapy. Radiation therapy was delivered using 3DCRT or IMRT to a median dose of 45 Gy to the pelvis and 63 Gy to the bladder (range 41.4 Gy to 71.4 Gy).  Three-year local control (LC) and disease-free survival (DFS) estimates were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method and log rank analysis. Results: The median age was 67.5 years. Median follow-up was 24 months (range 6 to 86). Clinical stage was T2 in 12 patients, T3 in 8, and T4 in 2. Fourteen patients were node-negative while 8 were node-positive. Actuarial 3-year OS, DFS, LC for the entire cohort were 62.2%, 62% and 78.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the 3-year OS and DFS for patients achieving a CR on cystoscopy following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was 64.6% vs . 57.1% without CR ( p =.046), and 64.3% vs . 57.1% without CR ( p =.03). The 3-year LC was 90.9% in patients showing complete response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. When stratified by T stage, 3-year LC was 90.9% for T2, 87.5% for T3 and 0% for T4 ( p =.007). Local failure was associated with distant metastases in 4 out of 5 patients. Two patients had non-invasive local recurrences and both were successfully treated with intra-vesical BCG. Conclusions: Maximal TURBT followed by neo-adjuvant platinum based chemotherapy and definitive cCRT offers good rates of OS, DFS and LC in MIBC at three-years of follow-up. Complete response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is a favorable prognostic factor, achieving LC rates >90% at 3 years.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"36 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86469601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}