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Differential influence of sinusoidal and noisy inputs on synaptic connections in a network with STDP 正弦和噪声输入对STDP网络中突触连接的差分影响
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/48005
J. Mayer, H. Schuster, H. Ngo, M. Mölle, Jan Born
{"title":"Differential influence of sinusoidal and noisy inputs on synaptic connections in a network with STDP","authors":"J. Mayer, H. Schuster, H. Ngo, M. Mölle, Jan Born","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/48005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/48005","url":null,"abstract":"We hypothesize that the type of cortical network activation influences synaptic connectivity in the network, eventually expressed in an altered responsiveness to external stimuli. Our predictions are based on a time discrete canonical model of spike-time–dependent plasticity. The results show that, at a given synaptic connection strength in the network, sinusoidal input to the network can decrease synaptic potentiation whereas uncorrelated noise increases synaptic potentiation, implying that these opposing effects manifest themselves in respective decreases and increases of the network response to an external stimulus. These predictions are in qualitative agreement with visually evoked responses obtained in humans after 9 hour periods of visual deprivation (used to increase sinusoidal EEG alpha-activity in cortical networks) or normal daytime vision (as an approximate of noise input).","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115312880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First-order phase transition for a field theory at finite chemical potential in a toroidal topology 环面拓扑中有限化学势场理论的一阶相变
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/41001
C. A. Linhares, A. Malbouisson, I. Roditi
{"title":"First-order phase transition for a field theory at finite chemical potential in a toroidal topology","authors":"C. A. Linhares, A. Malbouisson, I. Roditi","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/41001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/41001","url":null,"abstract":"We study the critical behaviour of the theory at finite chemical potential defined in a toroidal topology, with compactification of imaginary time (finite temperature) and compactification of a spatial coordinate. This is performed as an application of recently published methods for dealing with field theories defined on toroidal spaces. We study finite-size (described by the spatial compactification length L) and finite-chemical-potential (μ) effects, by carrying out an investigation of the critical temperature as a function of both L and μ. We find that there is a minimal size for the system that sustains the transition, and that this size is the same for all values of the chemical potential.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127967539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The polymer glass transition in nanometric films 纳米薄膜中的聚合物玻璃化转变
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/38007
L. R. Arriaga, F. Monroy, D. Langevin
{"title":"The polymer glass transition in nanometric films","authors":"L. R. Arriaga, F. Monroy, D. Langevin","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/38007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/38007","url":null,"abstract":"The glass transition temperature Tg of thin polymer layers in general differs from the bulk value. Large changes in Tg are expected to occur with extremely thin films, of thicknesses of a few nm, when segmental motions are affected by the presence of limiting bulk phases. However, most existing experimental data correspond to thicker films. In order to fill the gap, we have studied ultrathin polymer films (Langmuir layers deposited on water). These films are in the glass state at low temperature, with a finite shear modulus that vanishes well above the glass transition. As expected, significant Tg reductions are detected, the more hydrophobic the polymer, the larger the reduction.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130338926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Salt crystallisation at the surface of a heterogeneous porous medium 盐在非均质多孔介质表面的结晶
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/34005
S. Veran-Tissoires, M. Marcoux, M. Prat
{"title":"Salt crystallisation at the surface of a heterogeneous porous medium","authors":"S. Veran-Tissoires, M. Marcoux, M. Prat","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/34005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/34005","url":null,"abstract":"Evaporation of saline solutions from a porous medium often leads to the precipitation of salt at the surface of the porous medium. It is commonly observed that the crystallized salt does not form everywhere at the porous medium surface but only at some specific locations. To explain this phenomenon, we consider efflorescence formation at the surface of a saturated heterogeneous porous column (finer porous medium in coarse porous medium background) in the wicking situation. We study the impact of permeability and porosity contrasts on the efflorescence formation location from a simple visualisation experiment and Darcy's scale numerical simulations. We show that the porosity is the most sensitive parameter for our experiment and that efflorescence forms at the surface of the medium of lower porosity. A simple efflorescence growth model is then used to explain why the efflorescence continues to grow at the surface of the lower porosity medium without spreading over the adjacent surface of the greater porosity medium.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"2008 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125596551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
Study of water diffusion on single-supported bilayer lipid membranes by quasielastic neutron scattering 准弹性中子散射研究水在单支撑双层脂膜上的扩散
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/48006
M. Bai, A. Miskowiec, F. Y. Hansen, H. Taub, T. Jenkins, M. Tyagi, S. Diallo, E. Mamontov, K. Herwig, S.-K. Wang
{"title":"Study of water diffusion on single-supported bilayer lipid membranes by quasielastic neutron scattering","authors":"M. Bai, A. Miskowiec, F. Y. Hansen, H. Taub, T. Jenkins, M. Tyagi, S. Diallo, E. Mamontov, K. Herwig, S.-K. Wang","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/48006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/48006","url":null,"abstract":"High-energy-resolution quasielastic neutron scattering has been used to elucidate the diffusion of water molecules in proximity to single bilayer lipid membranes supported on a silicon substrate. By varying sample temperature, level of hydration, and deuteration, we identify three different types of diffusive water motion: bulk-like, confined, and bound. The motion of bulk-like and confined water molecules is fast compared to those bound to the lipid head groups (7–10 H2O molecules per lipid), which move on the same nanosecond time scale as H atoms within the lipid molecules.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127078758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Lattice Boltzmann model for reactive flow simulations 反应流动模拟的晶格玻尔兹曼模型
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/34001
A. D. Rienzo, P. Asinari, E. Chiavazzo, N. Prasianakis, J. Mantzaras
{"title":"Lattice Boltzmann model for reactive flow simulations","authors":"A. D. Rienzo, P. Asinari, E. Chiavazzo, N. Prasianakis, J. Mantzaras","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/34001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/34001","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose a lattice Boltzmann (LB) model for reactive flow simulations at the low-Mach-number regime, which is suitable to accommodate significant density variation. A recently proposed model for compressible thermal flows on standard lattices is herein extended to combustion applications, where species equations are properly described in order to account for compressibility effects. This fundamental extension allows to apply LB approach to a wide range of combustion phenomena, which were not properly addressed so far. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is proved by simulating combustion of hydrogen/air mixtures in a mesoscale channel, and a validation against reference numerical solution in the continuum limit is presented.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122028771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Tunneling radiation of Dirac particles from Lifshitz black holes in higher-derivative gravity theory 高导数引力理论中利夫希茨黑洞中狄拉克粒子的隧穿辐射
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/30002
Hui-Ling Li, Rong Lin, Li-Ying Cheng
{"title":"Tunneling radiation of Dirac particles from Lifshitz black holes in higher-derivative gravity theory","authors":"Hui-Ling Li, Rong Lin, Li-Ying Cheng","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/30002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/30002","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the Dirac particles tunneling of Lifshitz black holes in four-dimensional and five-dimensional higher-derivative gravity. These black holes have been argued to have zero entropy and mass, but non-zero temperature. Since a black hole has a well-defined temperature it can radiate any types of particle at that temperature. In this letter, we attempt to apply the tunneling method to derive the Hawking radiation of Dirac particles and confirm that these black holes can really emit radiation at the Hawking temperature.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124732456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Fractal analysis of crack initiation in polycrystalline alloys using surface interferometry 多晶合金裂纹萌生的表面干涉分形分析
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/44006
Devesh K. Jha, D. S. Singh, S. Gupta, A. Ray
{"title":"Fractal analysis of crack initiation in polycrystalline alloys using surface interferometry","authors":"Devesh K. Jha, D. S. Singh, S. Gupta, A. Ray","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/44006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/44006","url":null,"abstract":"Microstructural degradation is a predominant source of damage in polycrystalline alloys that are commonly used in diverse applications. For early diagnosis and prognosis of failures, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of damage growth specifically in the crack initiation phase, which is still an intriguing phenomenon for scientists due to sensing inaccuracies and modeling uncertainties. Measurements of gradually evolving deformations on the material surface during crack initiation provide early warnings of forthcoming widespread damage. In this paper, a surface interferometer is used to generate 3-D surface profiles of polycrystalline alloy specimens under oscillating load. The concepts of fractal geometry are used to quantify the changes in the 3-D surface profiles as early indicators of damage evolution in the crack initiation phase.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129892711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Nonlocal conductance control of a zigzag F/S/F graphene nanoribbon junction 之字形F/S/F石墨烯纳米带结的非局部电导控制
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/47012
L. Zhang, H. Tian, J. Wang
{"title":"Nonlocal conductance control of a zigzag F/S/F graphene nanoribbon junction","authors":"L. Zhang, H. Tian, J. Wang","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/47012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/47012","url":null,"abstract":"We report a theoretical study of nonlocal charge and spin conductances in a zigzag-graphene-nanoribbon-(ZR)–based ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet (F/S/F) junction. When the zigzag-chain number of the ribbon is even and only the edge states are involved in transport, the ferromagnetic ZR (FZR) resembles a half-metal and the crossed Andreev reflection dominates over the elastic cotunneling of the electron in the antiparallel magnetic configuration of the junction. It is demonstrated that both the nonlocal charge and spin conductances in the F/S/F ZR junction can be modulated arbitrarily by variation of the cross angle of the two magnetic moments in each FZR, the S layer length, and the gate voltage applied on the S region. Our findings may shed light on devising spin devices based on magnetized graphene nanoribbons.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114958002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Spatio-temporal dynamics of relativistic electron bunches during the micro-bunching instability in storage rings 存储环微聚束不稳定性过程中相对论电子束的时空动力学
EPL (Europhysics Letters) Pub Date : 2012-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/40006
C. Evain, J. Barros, A. Loulergue, M. Tordeux, R. Nagaoka, M. Labat, L. Cassinari, G. Creff, L. Manceron, J. Brubach, P. Roy, M. Couprie
{"title":"Spatio-temporal dynamics of relativistic electron bunches during the micro-bunching instability in storage rings","authors":"C. Evain, J. Barros, A. Loulergue, M. Tordeux, R. Nagaoka, M. Labat, L. Cassinari, G. Creff, L. Manceron, J. Brubach, P. Roy, M. Couprie","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/98/40006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/40006","url":null,"abstract":"The intense Coherent Synchrotron Radiation emitted in the Terahertz range by relativistic electron bunches circulating in a storage ring is an attractive source for spectroscopy. Its stability is related to the electron bunch dynamics, and can exhibit a bursting behavior resulting from the irregular presence of micro-structures in the bunch. We evidence here the existence of two thresholds in the electron bunch spatio-temporal dynamics, associated with different levels of Terahertz signal fluctuations, with increasing number of electrons. The first threshold indicates the presence of micro-structures drifting in the bunch profile, and the second one appears when those micro-structures are strong enough to persist after about half a revolution period of the electron-bunch in the phase-space. Their prediction thanks to numerical simulations are confirmed by experiments at the synchrotron SOLEIL.","PeriodicalId":171520,"journal":{"name":"EPL (Europhysics Letters)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121965555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
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