Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement最新文献

Evaluating Econometric Studies of Alcohol Advertising. 评估酒精广告的计量经济学研究。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01

Henry Saffer

引用次数: 0

Psychological Processes Underlying Effects of Alcohol Marketing on Youth Drinking. 酒精营销对青少年饮酒影响的心理过程。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.81

Kristina M Jackson, Bruce D Bartholow

{"title":"Psychological Processes Underlying Effects of Alcohol Marketing on Youth Drinking.","authors":"Kristina M Jackson, Bruce D Bartholow","doi":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.81","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.81","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Evidence increasingly suggests that alcohol marketing plays a significant role in facilitating underage drinking. This article presents a review of empirical studies and relevant theoretical models proposing plausible psychological mechanisms or processes responsible for associations between alcohol-related marketing and youth drinking.Method: We review key psychological processes pertaining to cognitive mechanisms and social cognitive models that operate at the individual or intrapersonal level (attitude formation, expectancies) and the social or interpersonal level (personal identity, social identity, social norms). We use dominant psychological and media theories to support our statements of putative causal inferences, including the Message Interpretation Processing Model, Prototype Willingness Model, and Reinforcing Spirals Model.Results: Based on the evidence, we propose an integrated conceptual model that depicts relevant psychological processes as they work together in a complex chain of influence, and we highlight those constructs that have received the greatest support in the literature.Conclusions: The evidence to date suggests that perceptions of others' behaviors and attitudes in relation to alcohol (social norms) may be a more potent driver of youth drinking than evaluations of drinking outcomes (expectancies). Considerably more research--especially experimental research--is needed to understand the extent to which theoretically relevant psychological processes have unique effects on adolescent and young adult drinking behavior, with the ultimate goal of identifying modifiable intervention targets to produce reductions in the initiation and maintenance of underage alcohol use.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"81-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.97

Michael Weitzman, Lily Lee

{"title":"Similarities Between Alcohol and Tobacco Advertising Exposure and Adolescent Use of Each of These Substances.","authors":"Michael Weitzman, Lily Lee","doi":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.97","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.97","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Underage alcohol use is a major public health problem and substantial corporate money supports alcohol advertising across multiple venues. A diverse research literature demonstrates that adolescent exposure to such advertising is associated with drinking attitudes and behavior, but no scientific body has determined these associations to be causal. The objective of this study was to assess the association between alcohol advertising and teen drinking in the context of the \"Analogy\" criterion of the Bradford Hill criteria and consider a determination that the association between exposure to alcohol advertising and alcohol use is causal.Method: This study was a narrative review on the association between adolescent exposure to alcohol advertising and subsequent alcohol use in the context of domains utilized in the Surgeon General's 2012 Report, Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults, which concluded, \"Advertising and promotional activities by tobacco companies have been shown to cause the onset and continuation of smoking among adolescents and young adults.\"Results: In every aspect compared (i.e., adolescent knowledge; attitudes toward; initiation of use; continuation of use; mediums of advertisement; the use of mascots, celebrities, and themes; and frequency and density of advertisements and retailers), the findings for both tobacco and alcohol and their association with exposure to advertising are analogous.Conclusions: Application of the Analogy criterion of the Bradford Hill criteria comparing alcohol and tobacco supports a judgment that the association between exposure to alcohol advertising and increased adolescent knowledge, attitudes toward, initiation, and continuation of alcohol use are causal in nature.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to Digital Alcohol Marketing and Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review. 接触数字酒精营销和酒精使用:一项系统综述。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01

Jonathan K Noel, Cara J Sammartino, Samantha R Rosenthal

{"title":"Exposure to Digital Alcohol Marketing and Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jonathan K Noel, Cara J Sammartino, Samantha R Rosenthal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Alcohol marketing has proliferated on digital media, such as websites, social media, and apps. A systematic review was conducted to examine studies of associations between exposure to digital alcohol marketing and alcohol consumption.Method: Eight electronic databases were searched for \"alcohol\" and \"marketing\" through 14 February 2017. Studies were included if exposure to digital alcohol marketing and alcohol consumption, or related attitudes and intentions, were assessed. Studies were excluded if they only measured exposure to alcohol depictions posted online by family and friends. Study quality was also assessed.Results: In all, 25 studies were included, including 2 randomized controlled trials, 15 cross-sectional studies, and 8 prospective cohort studies. There was a consistent finding across studies that participation and engagement with digital alcohol marketing--such as clicking on an alcohol ad, visiting an alcohol-branded website, liking or sharing an ad on social media, or downloading alcohol-branded content--was positively associated with alcohol use. The effects of simple exposure to digital alcohol advertising were inconclusive. Proper blinding of subjects, measuring exposures before the outcomes, and measuring the exposures multiple times would improve study quality.Conclusions: Although more research is needed, existing studies suggest that engagement with digital alcohol marketing is positively associated with increased alcohol consumption and increased binge or hazardous drinking behavior. Governments should consider implementing digital alcohol marketing regulations under the precautionary principle as the alcohol industry's self-regulated marketing codes are likely ineffective at protecting populations vulnerable to alcohol-related harm.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol Marketing and Youth Drinking: Is There a Causal Relationship, and Why Does It Matter? 酒精营销与青少年饮酒：两者之间是否存在因果关系？

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.5

James D Sargent, Samantha Cukier, Thomas F Babor

引用次数: 0

Youth Cognitive Responses to Alcohol Promotional Messaging: A Systematic Review. 青少年对酒精宣传信息的认知反应：系统回顾。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.26

Elizabeth R Henehan, Ansley E Joannes, Liam Greaney, Susan Knoll, Qing Wai Wong, Craig S Ross

{"title":"Youth Cognitive Responses to Alcohol Promotional Messaging: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Elizabeth R Henehan, Ansley E Joannes, Liam Greaney, Susan Knoll, Qing Wai Wong, Craig S Ross","doi":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.26","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.26","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This review examines the research of the effects of alcohol advertising on the cognitive mechanisms that precede underage alcohol use.Method: Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we reviewed 22 studies (1988-2016) selected from 22,040 articles. The final sample assessed cognitive responses of youth younger than the legal purchase age who were exposed to alcohol advertisements from television or magazines.Results: The studies were predominantly cross-sectional (59.1%), used convenience sampling (63.6%), had 74 to 3,521 participants, and were from six countries. The most common methods and applied theories for assessing advertising effects on cognitions were linear methods based on priming and modeling theories, and structural equation modeling based on information-processing models. Overall, advertising content appealed to youth, particularly advertisements that emphasized lifestyles of drinkers rather than the product quality. Youth exposed to alcohol advertisements were more likely to associate positive and arousing effects with alcohol, and in some studies effects were modified by sex, alcohol use, and age. Residual confounding and selection bias were a concern in the majority of studies.Conclusions: Exposure to alcohol advertising may affect underage perceptions of risks and rewards of alcohol use. Nevertheless, the ability to draw causal conclusions is limited because of study designs. Future studies should use nonlinear methods to assess the association between advertising and cognitions and avoid measuring alcohol advertising as a uniform and dose-response exposure among diverse populations. Future research would be strengthened by applying consistent theoretical frameworks, improving control for confounding bias, and using validated cognitive outcome measures.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"26-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Neurobiological Model of Alcohol Marketing Effects on Underage Drinking. 酒精营销对未成年人饮酒影响的神经生物学模型。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01

Andrea L Courtney, B J Casey, Kristina M Rapuano

{"title":"A Neurobiological Model of Alcohol Marketing Effects on Underage Drinking.","authors":"Andrea L Courtney, B J Casey, Kristina M Rapuano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although an association between exposure to alcohol advertising and underage drinking is well documented, the underlying neurobiological contributions to this association remain largely unexplored. From an epidemiological perspective, identifying the neurobiological plausibility of this exposure-outcome association is a crucial step toward establishing marketing as a contributor to youth drinking and informing public policy interventions to decrease this influence.Method: We conducted a critical review of the literature on neurobiological risk factors and adolescent brain development, social influences on drinking, and neural contributions to reward sensitization and risk taking. By drawing from these separate areas of research, we propose a unified, neurobiological model of alcohol marketing effects on underage drinking.Results: We discuss and extend the literature to suggest that responses in prefrontal-reward circuitry help establish alcohol advertisements as reward-predictive cues that may reinforce consumption upon exposure. We focus on adolescence as a sensitive window of development during which youth are particularly susceptible to social and reward cues, which are defining characteristics of many alcohol advertisements. As a result, alcohol marketing may promote positive associations early in life that motivate social drinking, and corresponding neurobiological changes may contribute to later patterns of alcohol abuse.Conclusions: The neurobiological model proposed here, which considers neurodevelopmental risk factors, social influences, and reward sensitization to alcohol cues, suggests that exposure to alcohol marketing could plausibly influence underage drinking by sensitizing prefrontal-reward circuitry.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Exposure to Alcohol Marketing and Underage Drinking Is Causal. 接触酒精营销与未成年人饮酒之间的关系是因果关系。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01

James D Sargent, Thomas F Babor

{"title":"The Relationship Between Exposure to Alcohol Marketing and Underage Drinking Is Causal.","authors":"James D Sargent, Thomas F Babor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article summarizes the findings of narrative and systematic literature reviews focused on the relationship between exposure to alcohol marketing and youth drinking, viewed in context of criteria for causality. We also consider the implications of this proposition for alcohol policy and public health.Method: Our descriptive synthesis of findings is from 11 narrative and systematic reviews using the nine Bradford Hill causality criteria: (a) strength of association, (b) consistency, (c) specificity of association, (d) temporality, (e) biological gradient, (f) biological plausibility, (g) coherence, (h) experimental evidence, and (i) analogy.Results: Evidence of causality for all nine of the Bradford Hill criteria was found across the review articles commissioned for this supplement and in other previously published reviews. In some reviews, multiple Bradford Hill criteria were met. The reviews document that a substantial amount of empirical research has been conducted in a variety of countries using different but complementary research designs.Conclusions: The research literature available today is consistent with the judgment that the association between alcohol marketing and drinking among young persons is causal.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"113-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Alcohol Marketing Landscape: Alcohol Industry Size, Structure, Strategies, and Public Health Responses. 酒精营销格局：酒精行业的规模、结构、战略和公共卫生对策。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.13

David Jernigan, Craig S Ross

{"title":"The Alcohol Marketing Landscape: Alcohol Industry Size, Structure, Strategies, and Public Health Responses.","authors":"David Jernigan, Craig S Ross","doi":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.13","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study is to inform public health efforts to reduce alcohol-related harm by describing the alcohol marketing landscape. We review the size, structure, and strategies of both the U.S. national and global alcohol industries and their principal marketing activities and expenditures and provide a summary of public health responses.Method: Primary data were obtained from advertising and alcohol industry market research firms and were supplemented by searches of peer-reviewed literature, business press, and online databases on global business and trade.Results: Worldwide, alcohol sales totaled more than $1.5 trillion in 2017. Control of alcoholic beverage production and marketing is concentrated globally in the hands of a small number of firms. The oligopoly structure of the producing industry helps to generate high profits per dollar invested relative to other industries, which in turn fund marketing expenditures that function as barriers to entry by other firms. Advertising expenditures are high and advertising is widespread. Stakeholder marketing and corporate social responsibility campaigns assist in maintaining a policy environment conducive to extensive alcohol marketing activity. The most common regulatory response has been alcohol industry self-regulation; statutory public health responses have made little progress in recent years and have lagged behind industry innovation in digital and social marketing.Conclusions: Alcohol marketing is widespread globally and a structural element of the alcoholic beverage industry. Given the level of alcohol-related harm worldwide, global and regional recommendations and best practices should be used to guide policy makers in effective regulation of alcohol marketing.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol Marketing and Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use Behaviors: A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional Studies. 酒精营销与青少年饮酒行为：横断面研究的系统回顾。

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.42

Laura J Finan, Sharon Lipperman-Kreda, Joel W Grube, Anna Balassone, Emily Kaner

{"title":"Alcohol Marketing and Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use Behaviors: A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional Studies.","authors":"Laura J Finan, Sharon Lipperman-Kreda, Joel W Grube, Anna Balassone, Emily Kaner","doi":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.42","DOIUrl":"10.15288/jsads.2020.s19.42","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article provides a systematic review of cross-sectional research examining associations between exposure to alcohol marketing and alcohol use behaviors among adolescents and young adults.Method: Literature searches of eight electronic databases were carried out in February 2017. Searches were not limited by date, language, country, or peer-review status. After abstract and full-text screening for eligibility and study quality, 38 studies that examined the relationship between alcohol marketing and alcohol use behaviors were selected for inclusion.Results: Across alcohol use outcomes, various types of marketing exposure, and different media sources, our findings suggest that cross-sectional evidence indicating a positive relationship between alcohol marketing exposure and alcohol use behaviors among adolescents and young adults was greater than negative or null evidence. In other words, cross-sectional evidence supported that alcohol marketing exposure was associated with young peoples' alcohol use behaviors. In general, relationships for alcohol promotion (e.g., alcohol-sponsored events) and owning alcohol-related merchandise exposures were more consistently positive than for other advertising exposures. These positive associations were observed across the past four decades, in countries across continents, and with small and large samples.Conclusions: Despite issues of measurement and construct clarity within this body of literature, this review suggests that exposure to alcohol industry marketing may be important for understanding and reducing young peoples' alcohol use behavior. Future policies aimed at regulating alcohol marketing to a greater extent may have important short- and long-term public health implications for reducing underage or problematic alcohol use among youth.","PeriodicalId":17103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Supplement","volume":"Sup 19 ","pages":"42-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7063997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37662383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0