M. A. Alam, Flura, M. Moniruzzaman, Md. Hashibur Rahman, Md. Abu Kawser Didar, M. A. Bashar, Md. Mehedi Hasan Pramanik, Khondaker Rashidul Hasan, M. Rahman, Y. Mahmud
{"title":"Fishing Enclosure as a Simple Approach to Stimulate Spawning Success of Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) in Bangladesh","authors":"M. A. Alam, Flura, M. Moniruzzaman, Md. Hashibur Rahman, Md. Abu Kawser Didar, M. A. Bashar, Md. Mehedi Hasan Pramanik, Khondaker Rashidul Hasan, M. Rahman, Y. Mahmud","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v2i1.1164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v2i1.1164","url":null,"abstract":"The study was intended to assess the impact of fishing enclosure during the peak breeding time of hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha on its breeding success. During the last peak breeding season of hilsa (October 4-25, 2021) a comprehensive investigation was attempt to evaluate the impact of fishing enclosure by “MV Rupali Ilish” research vessel, speedboat and experimental fishing net were deployed to demeanor a rigorous investigation in and around the spawning grounds areas (about 7,000 sq km, including Moulvirchar, Monpura, Dhalchar and Kalirchar). Additionally, data were also assumed from landing stations (via terrestrial cruises) near the spawning ground areas and other hilsa prone region of Bangladesh. The percentage of spent hilsa (locally called pite) and oozing hilsa were monitored following a standard protocol. Among all the hilsa captured in and around the spawning grounds, the proportion of male and female were 16-41% and 85-97%, respectively of the total catch, suggesting a male and female sex ratio (1:2.3). The rate of breeding success in 2021 was 51.76% i.e., 51.7% hilsa successfully participated in the breeding process which was 103.52% higher than the base year (2001-02). The approximate number of fertilized eggs in 2021 was 7,86,314 kg. Increased production of hilsa eggs and jatka indicated a positive impact of twenty-two days fishing enclosure. Percentages of gravid and oozing hilsa were also found higher compared to previous years. Due to the prohibition of all types of fishing, the percentage of female hilsa in the breeding areas increased up to 83.96%. Overall, twenty-two days fishing enclosure was found very effective for successful spawning of hilsa.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127058231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study of the Phytoremediation Process Using Water Lettuce (Pistia Stratiotes) in the Removal of Ciprofloxacin","authors":"Vimbai Masiyambiri, Bachir Yaou Balarabe, Irédon Adjama, Hassimi Moussa, Maman Nasser Illiassou Oumarou, Abdoul Moumouni Iro Sodo","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i3.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i3.1092","url":null,"abstract":"The use of antibiotics has become imperative and unavoidable in medicine to Figureht against microbes, but the majority of these antibiotics are found in environmental ecosystems. It is revealed that the presence of these in the environment, intoxicates the bacterial ecological medium.Then, this investigated the phytoremediation abilities of Water lettuce (Pistia Stratiotes). Adolescent plants were placed in two different concentrations of Ciprofloxacin solution for 7 days. The aim was to see if the plant could remove the Ciprofloxacin, what amount of it and the effects of the drug on the plant thereafter. The concentrations were 50ppm and 10ppm of Ciprofloxacin. The result was that at 50ppm, the plants developed necrosis within 3 days and died. At 10ppm solution, water lettuce managed more than 70% removal efficiency, and also a steady growth of the plant was maintained at 0.1606 g/day. For the concentration of Ciprofloxacin, analysis of sample water was done using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and plant extract was analyzed by HPLC. The study proved that water lettuce can be used as a remediation technique for surface waters, or can be an end-of-pipe measure for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment facilities before discharge into surface waters.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114919719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laboratory Diagnosis of Novel Human Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Infections-A Review","authors":"Aswathy C Ashok, R. Harish","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.1012","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a pandemic, highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization has declared the ongoing outbreak a global public health emergency. This disease has spread rapidly and affected millions of people worldwide. Currently, there are no specific clinical signs or symptoms of SARS that can be used to differentiate it from other causes of community- or hospital-acquired viral pneumonia. Accurate diagnosis of cases holds the key to managing any pandemic through identification, isolation, and treatment of patients while defining the epidemiology of the pathogen. Because an increasing number of asymptomatic symptomatic individuals must be tested for COVID-19, a safe and efficient screening system is required. The diagnosis of suspected cases is presently confirmed by nucleic acid assays with real-time PCR using respiratory samples. On the other side, serological tests are comparatively easier to perform, but their utility may be limited by their ease of performance and the fact that antibodies appear later in the disease course. This review is aimed at summarizing the currently available information on different methods used for screening and diagnosing COVID-19 infections.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134179419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tree Taper Model for Selected Tree Species within University of Ibadan, Oyo State","authors":"Adeola Deborah Aderinola, V. O. Jackson","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.777","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the performance of different types of taper model for predicting tree diameters of Terminalia radii (Tent tree) at Heritage Park and Tectonia grandis (Teak) at teak plantation within University of Ibadan was examined. Data from pure (monoculture) stands of T. radii (Heritage Park) and T. grandis (Teak Plantation) containing a total of 146 tent trees and 131 teak trees respectively. Five taper models developed by various researchers were adopted, fitted and evaluated. The comparison of the model performances was basically on the analysis of three goodness-of-fit statistics and residue analysis found model 5 to be most superior in predicting the stem diameter at any point for the two species in the two study areas. The Model 2 exhibited the worst performance in fitting statistics and residual analysis results. Therefore, the same taper model should be used for prediction of diameter of the two tree species within University of Ibadan.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130423444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Olaniyi, A. Kilasho, J. Oluborode, V. O. Jackson
{"title":"Impact of Forest Policy and Law on Forest Management in Gambari Forest Reserve in Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"I. Olaniyi, A. Kilasho, J. Oluborode, V. O. Jackson","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.651","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the impact of forest policy and law on the management of Gambari Forest Reserve in order to identify factors that would improve forest policy and law as well as their implementation and enforcement. Random sampling techniques was used in this study. Both questionnaire and interview methods were used in collecting the needed information from the respondents. One hundred and twenty (120) copies of structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from the community dwellers. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the demographic characteristics of the respondents. The Landsat Imagery of the forest reserve was analyzed using ArcGIS to generate information about the forest cover changes between 1987 and 2020. Logistic regression was also used to determine the factors responsible for enhancement of implementation and enforcement of forest policy and law. Results show that 54.4% of the respondents agreed that the forest policy and law were effective in upholding the management of the forest sustainably, 34.2% stated that the forest policy and law were slightly effective, while only 11.3% of them implied that forest policy and law was ineffective. It was also revealed from the study that about 21% of the forest land cover has been degraded from 163.50km2 in 1987 to 143.67km2 in 2020. Findings also showed that, the enhancement of implementation and enforcement of forest policy and law would be mostly influenced by Increase staff recruitment with odd ratio (2.33), followed by Provision of training (1.28), also Increase in penalty forest offenders (1.20) and lastly, creation of awareness program (1.00). Their odd ratios are up to 1.0.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128129074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterisation Studies on Lipases of Brevibacterium, Bacillus and Pseudomonas Spp Produced Under Sub-Merged Fermentation of Different Carbon Sources","authors":"Omolade O A, Orji F A, Agu G C, Adebajo L O","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i2.303","url":null,"abstract":"Lipases are a class of hydrolytic enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of insoluble triacylglycerol to glycerol, acylglycerols, and free fatty acids. The present study is aimed at identifying Lipase producing bacteria isolated from soil determining the optimal conditions (temperatures, pH, and metal ion concentrations) of Lipases produced through submerged fermentation by bacteria of different three (3) genera. The different bacterial isolates with good hyper-producing potentials for Lipases were identified by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). The effect of temperature on cellulase activity was determined by estimating the lipase activity at pH 9.0 within a temperature range of (300C-600C). In order to determine the behaviour of the enzymes within some metallic ions, the reaction of the enzyme and gum Arabica/olive oil mixture was allowed to proceed at 500C with duplicate test tubes containing 50mM CaCl2 (Ca2+). MgSO4 (Mg 2+), Nacl(Na+), Kcl (K+). The identifies of the lipase producing bacteria were identified as Brevibacterium brevis strains Hk 544, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain WES, Bacillus megaterium strain WH13, and Bacillus subtilis strain BS 01 for Isolate H, A, B and F., respectively. Optimum temperatures for the activities of Brevibacterium brevis strains Hk 544, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain WES, Bacillus megaterium strain WH13, and Bacillus subtilis strain were determined to be 50oC, 50oC , 45oC and 45oC, respectively. Optimum pH for the activities of Brevibacterium brevis strains Hk 544, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain WES, Bacillus megaterium strain WH13, and Bacillus subtilis strain were determined to be alkaline (8.0 to 9.0). The observation that sodium and potassium ions at 50mm concentration enhanced the activity of some of the lipases under this investigation showed that sodium and potassium are likely to be co-factors for the performance of these lipases.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122299506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Temesgen Fentahun Adametie, D. T. Mitku, Abeba Hassen
{"title":"Validations of CROPWAT Based Irrigation Practice for Tomato Productivity in Lowland Hot Humid Area of Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen Fentahun Adametie, D. T. Mitku, Abeba Hassen","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.426","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient management of applied water volume and wise water application is accomplished by irrigation scheduling. Microclimate is the most important factor affecting the irrigation schedule, which determines when and how much irrigation water will be used. The objective of this experiment was to validate the experimental effects of CROPWAT irrigation practice compared to farmer’s practice on crop and water productivity of tomato. The CROPWAT Penman–Monteith method was used to calculate crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling of tomato as compared to farmers irrigation practice. The total water applied were 1087.5mm and 1275.5mm for 2020 and 895.3mm and 1242.6mm for 2021 respectively for CROPWAT and farmers’ practice. The obtained validated result revealed that farmers' irrigation practices for marketable tomato fruit were 25.8% lower when based on CROPWAT irrigation practice, while those for unmarketable tomato fruit were 46.18% lower. In contrast to farmers' irrigation practices, the CROPWAT irrigation system can reduce loss by 46.1 percent for the production of tomato fruit. Similarly for tomato water productivity, CROPWAT-based irrigation systems received an incremental 37.5 percent advantage over farmers' practices. As a result, this study came to the conclusion that CROPWAT-based irrigation practices are crucial for field crop irrigation scheduling and crop water requirements. The study will contribute to bettering tomato fruit productivity and water resource management. This study might serve as a guide for making choices regarding upcoming planning.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133533549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Weed Control Methods Used in Agriculture","authors":"Degefa Woyessa","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.413","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging duties in an agricultural field is weed control. Weed control is a major problem for peasant framers everywhere. This paper's objectives are to reviewing and reporting the weed management practices utilized in Ethiopian agriculture and to recommend the viability of mechanizing weeding operations for the further research. In agriculture, three weed management techniques are frequently used. These are chemical, mechanical, and manual control. Farmers that are convinced of its benefits quickly adopt mechanical weed control. In addition to pulling weeds out from between the rows of crops, mechanical weed management maintains the soil's top loose, improving soil aeration and water absorption. Mechanical weeding saves time and labor while lowering labor costs also. Some weeding tools that are powered by animals are effective in terms of time and money savings. Herbicides are occasionally used by farmers; however, they are not often used in farming. In conclusion, weed control is one of the most essential and expensive operation in agriculture. Weeding by mechanical device reduces the cost of labour and also saves time than any other methods of weed control. Therefore, instead of manual weeding and using chemicals, the use of a mechanical weeding machine should be given priority.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126579451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction and Evaluation: The Viability of the Three Varieties of Banana (Musa Paradisiaca) Exocarps as Potential Sources of Acetic Acid","authors":"Jeffry M. Saro","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.382","url":null,"abstract":"The banana (Musa paradisiaca) exocarps have been a substantial source for maintaining human health and are the fast-growing herbaceous perennials arising from underground rhizomes. The ripe banana is useful in acidity. This study aimed to evaluate how the banana exocarps from ripe ones, can be made into vinegar. Also, to properly analyze the physicochemical properties (pH and color) and to determine the acetic acid content of the three selected varieties of banana exocarps if it conforms to the set standards. The most accessible in producing acidity is the Latundan (Musa acuminata musa balbisiana AAB Group), but all of the samples are accessible in producing acidity. In pH determination the highest in acidity is Lacatan (Musa acuminata C.) pH 4, while the Cardaba (Musa acuminata balbisiana ABB Group), is pH 3.5, and the lowest is the Latundan pH 3. All of the samples do not have pleasant odor, furthermore the samples well tested and undergo many stages of pasteurization. Thus, the study encourages further development of some spices and food additives and by application of new principles discovered, aside from extending the fermentation time.","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130362338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of Wheat Genotypes Under Different Dates of Sowing in Southern Part of Kailali District, Nepal","authors":"J. Joshi, S. Dhakal, S. Kafle","doi":"10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.212","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted in the Kailali district to study the performance of wheat genotypes under different sowing from December, 2017 to April, 2018. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with a total of 18 treatments consisting of 2 dates of sowing (November 4 and November 20 ) and 9 wheat genotypes(WH1105, HD2733, HD2824, HD2967, Borlaug100, HD3086, PBW550, NL971 and PBW373). Grain yield (5.802 ton/ha),spike length(17.94 cm) and biomass yield(13.16 ton/ha) of NL 971 was highest. HD 2733 had highest number of effective tillers (519.1/ m2) while number of grains per spike(59.80) was highest in HD 2967. PBW 373 had lowest grain yield (4.551 ton/ha), Borlaug 100 was the variety with minimum number of tillers per m2 area (401.3), minimum spike length(15.14 cm) was observed in HD 2733 ,HD 3086 had lowest no. of grains per spike(42.12). Grain yield(5.328 ton/ha) , effective tillers per m2(475.5) , spike length(16.95 cm), number of grains per spike (53.12), biomass yield(11.45 ton/ha) was recorded maximum in wheat sown on 20th Nov. Grain yield (4.893 ton/ha),effective tillers(435.1), spike length(15.66 cm), grains per spike(49.59) and biomass yield(10.49 ton/ha) was recorded minimum in wheat sown on 4th Nov. Maximum test wt. (50.83 g ) was found in HD 2733 of 20th Nov. and the lowest test wt. (40.47 g) was found in PBW 550 of 20th Nov. ","PeriodicalId":169616,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Science and Innovation","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134307038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}