Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection最新文献

{"title":"Cap-snatching mechanism-mediated unveiling of the transcriptional initiation sites of two distinct begomoviruses","authors":"Muhammad Arif","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00941-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00941-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Significant economic losses are inflicted by plant viruses, which pose a risk to sustainable agriculture. The proliferation of novel viral diseases is predominantly attributable to factors such as climate change, international trade, and the rapid evolutionary capabilities of viruses. Begomoviruses are a major group of plant-infecting viruses that pose an imminent threat to global agriculture by causing devastating viral diseases in many crop species. The transcriptional start sites (TSSs) of many plant viruses are typically found in the intergenic region (IR), which is the non-coding (NC) area between the viral genes. The promoters play a crucial role in initiating the transcription process by aiding in the recruitment of cellular transcription machinery. The TSSs are precise nucleotide sequences where RNA polymerase initiates the transcription process. The primary objective of this study was to determine the total number of TSSs for two devastating begomoviruses, family: Geminiviridae, <i>Cotton leaf curl Multan virus</i> (CLCuMuV) and <i>Ageratum yellow vein mosaic virus</i> (AYVMV), using the cap-snatching method in conjunction with one heterologous plant virus. These two begomoviruses, along with their infectious clones, were intentionally infected with selected heterologous plant virus in <i>N. benthamiana</i> plants. The identification of the 5′ ends of heterologous viral mRNA was accomplished by employing high-throughput sequencing to assess the capped RNA leaders (CRLs). The determination of the 5′ termini of suspected begomoviral mRNAs was achieved by aligning the collected CRLs of heterologous virus with the genome of each begomovirus, taking into account only those that were a perfect match with the begomoviral genome. In this study, the TSSs of both begomoviruses were identified via complementary approach. The utilization of high-throughput sequencing for both begomoviruses has facilitated the acquisition of millions of sequences. Comprehending the TSSs and promoter components of begomoviruses is crucial for understanding their ability to cause disease, their interactions with host organisms, and for developing effective methods to manage and control the diseases, they inflict on economically significant crop plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141167039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic strategies for sustainable crop protection: harnessing soil solarization and biofumigants to combat damping-off pathogens in Solanaceous vegetable crops","authors":"Shavnam, Harender Raj","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00916-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00916-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Field experiments were conducted in the summers of 2019 and 2020 to study the effects of soil solarization, biofumigants derived from cauliflower leaves and combinations of those treatments on population densities of soil pathogens <i>Pythium ultimum</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, and <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> causing damping-off disease in major solanaceous crops. Nylon mesh bags containing mass culture of <i>P. ultimum, F. oxysporum, R. solani</i>, and <i>S. rolfsii</i> were buried underneath the soil at 5 and 10 cm depth. Soil solarization was performed over a 40-day period using thin transparent polythene sheet of 25 µm (100 gauge) thickness. Maximum soil temperatures recorded at depth of 5 cm were 41.8 °C in solarized soil, respectively; this temperature was 5.4 °C higher than in corresponding non-solarized plot. These nylon sieve bags containing culture of the different pathogens were retrieved after 15, 30 and 40 days of solarization and brought to the laboratory to find out the viability of the pathogens. Integration of soil solarization with cauliflower leaves as soil amendment for the period of 40 days at 5 cm soil depth was found most effective in reducing the viability of <i>P. ultimum, F. oxysporum, R. solani</i>, and <i>S. rolfsii</i> to 5.3, 2.6, 4.6, and 3.6% in comparison with 92.6, 77.3, 83.3, and 80.3 in control, respectively. With the increase in the duration of soil solarization from 15 to 40 days, the potential of the pathogens to cause the disease reduced significantly at 5 cm soil depth and incidence of the damping-off reduced from 63.3 to 16.6% in tomato; 66.6 to 20.0% in chilli and 70.0 to 23.3% in capsicum. Through this integrated approach, the viability of soil-borne pathogens can be minimized, thereby improving the overall plant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"2017 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease prevalence, incidence, morphological and molecular characterisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae causing collar rot disease on peanut plants in Turkey","authors":"Senem Özkaya, Soner Soylu, Merve Kara, Yusuf Gümüş, Emine Mine Soylu, İbrahim Teke, Oktay Burak Özcan, Deniz Sevilmiş, Yaşar Ahu Ölmez, İsa Bilaloğlu, Işılay Lavkor","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00933-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00933-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) holds significant commercial and dietary importance as a major source of edible oil and protein in Turkey. Stem, collar or root rot, caused by several fungal disease agent, are serious soil-borne diseases of peanut. Accurate and precise identification of the disease agent provides fundamental and precise information for integrated plant management. During the period from June to September 2021, symptoms consistent with collar rot disease, including dark-brown stem rot, chlorotic leaves, wilting, and eventual whole plant death, were observed on peanut plants cultivated in the different districts of Osmaniye Province of Turkey. The disease incidence ranged from 8.0 to 45.0% in the inspected fields with an average of 3.4% overall. Twenty-four single-spore representative isolates were obtained from surface-disinfected symptomatic tissues. Morphological characteristics of fungal mycelium, conidial and pycnidial structures on potato sucrose agar (PSA) and water agar (WA) closely resembled those described for <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> spp. All isolates caused typical collar rot symptoms upon artificial inoculation of peanut seedlings. Morphological identification of <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> spp. isolates was corroborated by MALDI-TOF and molecular analyses utilizing sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (<i>ITS</i>)<i>,</i> β-tubulin 2 (<i>tub2</i>) and translation elongation factor-1 alpha (<i>TEF1-α</i>) loci. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the representative fungal isolates (MKUBK-B1 and MKUBK-K22) belong to <i>Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae.</i> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of <i>L. pseudotheobromae</i> infecting peanut plants in Turkey. This work is expected to contribute to previously limited knowledge regarding the host range, incidence and prevalence of <i>L. pseudotheobromae</i> as a soilborne pathogen of peanuts. Due to the potential destructiveness and broad host range of this pathogen, it is essential to develop new strategies to establish more reliable, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective management approaches for this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freezing temperature treatments against almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker), infestation of date fruits","authors":"Nora Abdul Aziz M. Aqeel, Mureed Husain, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool, Koko D. Sutanto, Richard W. Mankin, Mona A. Alduailij, Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00922-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00922-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dates maintain prime importance as sources of income and as symbols of cultural heritage in Saudi Arabia. <i>Ephestia cautella</i> (Walker) is one of the most important insects that attack stored dates. In an effort to safeguard small-scale producers, temperatures of 5 °C (representing typical house refrigerator temperatures), − 14 °C (representing in-house freezer temperatures), and − 25 °C (representing temperatures in small factory freezers) were applied to samples of dates previously infested with <i>E. cautella</i> larvae. Exposure periods of 1, 12, 48, 120, and 240 h were considered to assess the effectiveness of freezing temperatures against stored product insect pests. The temperature of − 25 °C proved to be the most effective, resulting in 100% mortality across all stages after just 1 h of exposure. At 5 °C, the pupal stage exhibited the highest tolerance, with only a mean mortality of 11% after 240 h of exposure. Conversely, at the same temperature, mean mortalities of 89% and 97% were recorded for eggs and larvae, respectively. However, when larvae were placed inside the dates, the mean mortality was only 65% after 240 h at 5 °C, complete larval mortality was achieved in 12 h at − 14 °C and 1 h at − 25 °C. This information can guide strategies for managing <i>E. cautella</i> in storage facilities with limited available resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol activities of grey mould of grapes with the volatile organic compounds generated by yeast HXMG-1 isolated from grapes","authors":"Ning Li, Bujiang Wang, XinYi Cui, Jing Hou, Na Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00920-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00920-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pathogens are reduced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated by yeasts play an important role in controlling postharvest diseases. The yeast HXMG-1, which works effectively against the grey mould pathogen of grapes (<i>Botrytis cinerea</i>), was evaluated for its potential to generate volatile organic compounds as one of its modes of action. A double Petri dish assay was used to evaluate the effect of VOCs produced by HXGM-1 on mycelial and spore development of the target pathogens. Compared to the control, the VOCs produced by yeast HXMG-1 significantly reduced the growth of mycelium and spore germination of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>. Specifically, the mycelial growth of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> was completely restricted and the rate of spore germination of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> was only 20.11% at a concentration of 1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL. It was also found that the VOCs could significantly inhibit mycelial growth with an inhibition of 82.46% at a concentration of 1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL. The VOCs caused the mycelium to grow curved, resulting in larger mycelial tips, fewer nuclei, and shorter mycelial septum spacing. In vivo tests, noninjure or injure grapes were artificially inoculated with the pathogen hyphal disc followed by biofumigation with VOCs produced by yeast HXMG-1, and the treatments (Wp2 and Wp3) significantly controlled pathogenic infection, confirming the results of in vitro tests. By molecular biological identification based on comparative sequence analysis of the 18S rDNA gene, the HXMG-1 strain was identified as <i>Hanseniaspora uvarum.</i> Through the creation of a phylogenetic tree, HXMG-1 was recognised as a member of the Ascomycota, Hemiascomycota, Yeasts, and <i>Hanseniaspora</i> sp. families. In conclusion, the yeast strain HXMG-1 created VOCs that significantly inhibited the development of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> on grapes and is expected to be further developed and utilised. This study lays the foundation for the use of <i>Hanseniaspora</i> sp. for biological control of postharvest disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Cyclaneusma minus morphotypes are responsible for needle cast of Pinus spp. in Slovakia?","authors":"Emilia Ondruskova, Marek Kobza, Zuzana Janosikova, Rebecca McDougal, Katarina Adamcikova","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00924-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00924-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cyclaneusma needle cast (CNC) is a needle disease which caused deterioration of vitality and reduction in the growth of pines. The disease is caused by the ascomycetous fungus <i>Cyclaneusma minus</i>, which has two well-described morphotypes; <i>C. minus</i> simile and <i>C. minus</i> verum. The distribution and host range of <i>C. minus</i> simile and verum was determined from needle samples and isolates collected throughout Slovakia from 2014 to 2020. Samples from 111 localities, 11 pine host species and 245 trees collected in different types of planting were analysed. It was found, that both morphotypes are present, but <i>C. minus</i> verum is predominantly responsible for CNC in urban and forest plantings in Slovakia. <i>C. minus</i> verum was positively detected in more than 88% of collected samples, whereas <i>C. minus</i> simile was only in four samples from three localities. Morphotype-specific primers were sufficiently sensitive even for new pine-host species. The host range of <i>C. minus</i> simile and <i>C. minus</i> verum was enriched worldwide. <i>C. minus</i> verum was observed in nine host species, whereas <i>C. minus</i> simile was identified only in one. <i>Cyclaneusma niveum</i> was also recorded and its presence was confirmed through DNA sequencing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal effect of Bonellia flammea extracts against Colletotrichum magnum in postharvest fruits of Carica papaya cv. Maradol","authors":"E. Herrera-Parra, J. Cristóbal-Alejo, A. Magaña-Alvarez, I. L. Medina-Baizabal, Marcela Gamboa-Angulo","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00921-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00921-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a high demand for natural agrochemicals to control postharvest phytopathogens in fruit. In this study, the <i>Colletotrichum magnum</i> strain was isolated from Maradol papaya fruits showing symptoms of anthracnose, identified based on its morphological characteristics and confirmed by an analysis of its 5.8S ribosomal DNA sequence. The antifungal activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts from <i>Acacia pennatula</i>, <i>Acalypha gaumeri</i>, <i>Bonellia flammea</i>, <i>Calea urticifolia</i> and <i>Croton chichenensis</i> was evaluated against <i>Colletotrichum magnum</i> by agar dilution bioassay at a concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹ and recording mycelial growth inhibition (MGI), sporulation inhibition (SI) and spore germination inhibition (SGI) were recorded. The extracts that caused MGI of <i>C. magnum</i> by more than 30% were re-evaluated. It was concluded that the aqueous and ethanol extracts from <i>B. flammea</i> stem bark were the most effective in the MGI (91.53–94.49%), SI (99.32–99.65%), and SGI (91.65–100%) of <i>C. magnum</i> at a 3% (<i>w/v</i>) concentration. A serial dilution of the aqueous extract of <i>B. flammea</i> demonstrated that 2.35% and 3% (<i>w/v</i>) were highly effective against <i>C. magnum </i>in vitro, and both concentrations were randomly applied to postharvest Maradol papaya fruit by dip. The results found that both concentrations caused an anthracnose disease severity of 0.92–0.97% in papaya fruits, which was lower than the commercial fungicide Tecto 60®. The aqueous extract from <i>B. flammea</i> stem bark represents a promising opportunity for developing a natural biopesticide to effectively control anthracnose in papaya fruits induced by <i>C. magnum.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific detection of Waitea circinata var. zeae using conventional and real-time PCR","authors":"Mira Vojvodić, Dejan Lazić, Brankica Pešić, Petar Mitrović, Ivana Vico, Aleksandra Bulajić","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00926-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00926-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Waitea</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae,</i> a pathogen with a relatively narrow host range, has recently been detected in cabbage and oilseed rape in Europe and worldwide. In this study, we developed specific conventional and real-time PCR protocols for direct detection of <i>W.</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae</i> from mycelium and diseased plant tissue. The newly developed primer pair zeaefor1/zeaerew1, used in PCR protocols, specifically amplified only target isolates of <i>W.</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae</i> when tested against isolates of 11 different binucleate and multinucleate anastomosis groups of <i>Rhizoctonia</i> spp. including AG-A, AG-G, AG-F, AG-U, AG-2-1, AG-2-2, AG-3, AG-4 HGI, AG-4 HGII, AG-4 HGIII, and AG-6 and common soil-borne pathogens. Total of nine previously published primer pairs designed for the detection of various <i>Rhizoctonia</i> spp. were also tested and did not amplify target isolates of <i>W.</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae</i>. The detection limit of conventional and real-time PCR protocols was 10^–2 and 10^–5 (with starting concentration 9.5 ng/µl), respectively, and both methods are the first available tools for direct detection and identification of <i>W.</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae</i> from mycelium and diseased oilseed rape seedlings. Both conventional and SYBR-Green-based real-time PCR protocols are cost-effective and provide a solid basis for further investigations of <i>W.</i> <i>circinata</i> var. <i>zeae</i>, particularly in relation to distribution, host range, and epidemiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of root-knot nematode on coffee production in the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais state in Brazil","authors":"Gustavo Braga Babilônia, Maria Luiza Araújo Londe, Willian César Terra, Sônia Maria de Lima Salgado, Bruno Sérgio Vieira, Cláudio Marcelo Gonçalves de Oliveira, Juliana Magrinelli Osório Rosa, Everaldo Antônio Lopes","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00928-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00928-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Brazil is the largest coffee-producing nation in the world. Over 50% of the national production comes from the Minas Gerais state, with relevant contribution of the region covered by the Cerrado biome. Given the threat posed by root-knot nematodes (RKN, <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp.) to coffee production, we collected plant and soil samples from infested plantations across 16 counties and identified the species of this pathogen. Based on the female perineal patterns, male morphology, esterase phenotypes and SCAR markers, the species found were <i>Meloidogyne exigua</i>, <i>Meloidogyne paranaensis</i>, <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> and <i>Meloidogyne arenaria</i>. The most prevalent species was <i>M. exigua</i>, occurring in 83.8% of the sampled sites, followed by <i>M. paranaensis</i> (19%) and <i>M. incognita</i> (4.9%). Mixed populations of RKN were observed in 7.7% of the sites, with the highest prevalence of <i>M. exigua</i> + <i>M. paranaensis</i> and <i>M. paranaensis</i> + <i>M. incognita</i>, followed by <i>M. exigua</i> + <i>M. incognita</i>. <i>Meloidogyne arenaria</i> was found in one site, in a mixed population with <i>M. paranaensis</i> + <i>M. exigua</i>. Strategies to prevent the spread of these nematodes to non-infested areas are highly recommended, particularly focusing on the most aggressive species such as <i>M. paranaensis</i> and <i>M. incognita</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis isolated from garbage enzyme against anthracnose on Camellia oleifera","authors":"Y. L. Hao, L. T. Zhou, J. Guo, C. Z. Jin, K. F. Guo","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00925-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00925-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Camellia oleifera</i> is an important edible oil woody plant in China. Anthracnose is a serious disease of <i>C. oleifera</i>, causing severe economic losses and posing a huge threat to the <i>C. oleifera</i> industry. The fungi <i>Colletotrichum siamense</i> is one of the main pathogens causing anthracnose of <i>C. oleifera</i>. In this study, antifungal activity of microorganisms isolated from garbage enzyme against <i>C. siamense</i> were investigated for the first time. 8 strains were isolated and purified from garbage enzyme. By morphological observation, gene sequence analysis, among the strains, 4 isolates were identified as <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> and 4 isolates were identified as <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. The result showed that 8 isolates displayed a relatively good potential on inhibiting the mycelial growth in <i>C. siamense</i>, but <i>T. harzianum</i> was more effective than <i>B. subtilis</i> as a biocontrol agent, with the best efficiency of 76.5%. In the vitro treatments, the combination of <i>T. harzianum</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> were the most effective treatments in reducing the incidence and severity of anthracnose in <i>C.oleifera</i>, with the highest control efficiency of 77.56%. It can be concluded that <i>T. harzianum</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> are promising biocontrol agents to manage anthracnose. These promising results provided valuable information on using garbage enzyme of wastes as a new source of antagonists to control fungi disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}