Налоги и налогообложение最新文献

{"title":"Mineral extraction tax: place and role in the Tax System of the Russian Federation","authors":"M. Izmailova","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.3.33881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.3.33881","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Currently, the problems of taxation of mineral extraction in the Russian Federation are very relevant, which is due not only to the formation of the monetary fund of the state, designed to finance the solution of various national tasks, but also to the rational use of natural resources. The mineral extraction tax (MET) is systemically important from the standpoint of the formation of tax revenues of the budget system of the Russian Federation. The industry specifics of the Russian economy, the predominance of extractive industries in GDP, and ensuring the profitability of the activities of extractive companies determine the significant attention of the state, business, and science to the issues of collection, administration, distribution, and reform of the mineral extraction tax. The subject of the study is the MET in the tax system of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the research consists of analysis, synthesis, ascent from the abstract to the particular, logical and historical methods, as well as other general scientific methods. The place and role of the MET in the tax system of the Russian Federation are considered, the place of this tax in the system of payments for the use of natural resources levied on the territory of our country is determined. Based on the statistical reports of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, it has been established that the receipts of mineral extraction tax are steadily increasing from year to year. This trend is due to an increase in the production of such types of hydrocarbon raw materials as oil, natural gas and gas condensate. It is determined that the contribution of the subjects of the Russian Federation to the formation of the monetary fund of the country is unequal, due to the difference in the mineral resource base in the regions. It is shown that in the coming decades Russia has a powerful potential to increase the tax revenues of the budget system through taxation of hydrocarbon production. The problems of taxation of mineral extraction in Russia are highlighted. The author comes to the conclusion that the budget system of the Russian Federation has a significant tax potential in the field of taxation of natural resources extraction, provided that favorable conditions for doing business are created.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125401180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax instruments in the system of factors of the state's impact on inequality","authors":"A. Pugachev","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.3.37827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.3.37827","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Monetary inequality is a serious socio-economic problem both for Russia and for many countries. The implementation of tools for smoothing inequality today becomes a condition for ensuring Russia's national security and sustainable development around the world. The level of inequality and poverty in Russia is at a very high level. The degree of inequality has not been reduced for 30 years, that is, in fact, since the beginning of the period of market reforms and privatization, despite the measures taken by the government. And even in the current very difficult financial and economic conditions, the task of reducing inequality remains a key direction of socio-economic policy. This task has been set today at the highest state level. The above makes it urgent to develop and implement a set of measures to influence the state on inequality. The subject of the study is the socio-economic relations of the state and citizens regarding the smoothing of monetary inequality in terms of determining the configuration of factors of state influence. Within the framework of the study, the factors of the state's impact on inequality are systematized and classified. As such, the following are considered: income, property and indirect taxation of citizens, state social transfers (pensions, benefits, social programs), monetary policy, labor market regulation, macroeconomic policy to ensure growth. It is shown that the main state instrument in the field of smoothing inequality in Russia are state social transfers. The potential of personal income tax is practically not realized, despite the fact that the world experience of smoothing inequality is focused primarily on income taxation. The prospects of development in the impact of the state on inequality are determined. Advantages and disadvantages of tax instruments are noted. The directions of improving income, indirect, and property taxation of citizens to reduce inequality are proposed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131013363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax debt: problems, regional peculiarities and possible ways to reduce it (based on the materials of the Republic of Dagestan)","authors":"Mazika Musabekovna Imanshapieva","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37167","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Identification of ways to reduce tax arrears is relevant in all countries of the world, since no country in the world can completely eradicate it and various measures are being taken to reduce it (voluntary and compulsory). In Russia, the issues of reducing tax and fee arrears are particularly relevant, since in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation the amount of tax and fee arrears is growing annually. As an example for a detailed study on this topic, the author considers such a subject of the Russian Federation as the Republic of Dagestan. The results of the study revealed that, despite the fact that measures aimed at reducing tax arrears are being implemented in the Republic of Dagestan, the amount of taxes and fees owed to the budget system of the Russian Federation continues to be significant (in the Republic of Dagestan, its amount is up to 25% of its own budget revenues) and recommendations for the implementation of measures aimed at reducing it in modern conditions.    The article discusses the directions for reducing tax arrears, suggests the implementation of measures aimed at improving the quality of tax administration and the effectiveness of forms and methods of tax control, increasing the level of debt collection, preventing the possibility of tax evasion, the use of a set of measures to recover tax debts, in accordance with the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, including with the participation of tax, law enforcement and judicial bodies, as well as creating favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, expanding the tax base, increasing investment activity and stimulating economic entities to obtain the status of a law-abiding taxpayer.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123223771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreign experience of tax regulation of self-employment","authors":"Marina Pianova","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37727","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article examines and structures the foreign experience of taxation and state regulation of informally employed individuals. The object of the study is the practice of state regulation of the activities of the self-employed in a number of foreign countries. The subject of the study is tax and special legislation regulating the activities of self-employed citizens in Asia, Europe, North and South America, etc. The uncertainty of the legal status of the self-employed as a new category of taxpayers is revealed in scientific and specialized literature, the general features of the definition of the concept of \"self-employed\" in Russian and foreign practice are indicated. The specifics of taxation of self-employed persons in a number of foreign countries are considered, as well as the tools used for additional regulation of the activities of this category of taxpayers, such as licensing and certification, civil liability insurance, etc. Special attention is paid by the author to structuring the studied foreign experience and highlighting common country features, such as the procedures for registering the self-employed, the absence of a limit on the maximum possible income, the need for certification and licensing, participation in the social insurance and liability insurance system, the presence or absence of preferential taxation, additional support programs, etc. The novelty of the research consists in a broad review and systematization of the experience of foreign states in the areas of state regulation identified by the author: non-interference; general rules of taxation and additional regulation; special taxation. The author's approach to identifying the main scenarios of state regulation of self-employment may be of practical interest for the development of domestic practice. \u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122372544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of tax relations in the field of taxation of cross-border transactions","authors":"Alekseн Aleksandrovich Sorokin","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37729","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article analyzes the subject, object and content of tax relations in the field of taxation of cross-border transactions, according to the results of the analysis, it is concluded that these relations have their own peculiarity The purpose of the work is to determine the features of tax relations in the field of cross-border transactions. According to the author, tax relations in the field of taxation of cross-border transactions have their own specifics, which is associated with the complication of the subject composition by a foreign element (participants are connected by different jurisdictions) and a special object (cross-border operation), which affects the content of legal relations of persons expressed in the presence of special rights and obligations of the parties to a cross-border operation. At the moment, the borders between the countries are extremely blurred. All this leads to an increase in cash flows between countries, as a result, to an increase in cross-border transactions in Russia and in the world. Taxation of cross-border relations is an extremely relevant topic, since, on the one hand, the tax legislation of Russia should contribute to the global competitiveness of the Russian economy, and on the other hand, it should \"protect\" the base of tax revenues to the relevant budgets. These two goals sometimes contradict each other, which can lead to a situation of excessive complication of the procedure for taxation of cross-border transactions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126518717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Russian trade levy under the constitutionality test articulated by US case law","authors":"T. Bratko","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.38020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.38020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Protecting the constitution from violations continues to be a major challenge worldwide. The main concern is to cure constitutional noncompliance and to afford taxpayers an adequate opportunity to challenge tax’s constitutionality. This article gives an overview of the US standards for determining when a state tax is valid under the Constitution. After discussing applicability of the US standards to the Russian taxes the author evaluates the Russian trade levy under the four-prong test developed by the US Supreme Court and raises constitutional challenges to the Russian income tax scheme. The trade levy as a part of this scheme results in unconstitutional discriminatory treatment of regional residents and non-residents. Such an uncommon analysis permits to find tax discrimination and economic Balkanisation not only in Russia, but also in other Federations throughout the world. These issues are of great importance in the field of comparative tax law. In response to the problem of discrimination, the author provides solutions based on the applicable Russian law principles and global practice of avoiding multiple taxation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124265794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the concept of permanent representation as a tool to increase the \"tax\" attractiveness of the Russian economy","authors":"Evgeniya Dmitrievna Makhneva","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.2.37304","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this study is the taxation of profits and incomes of foreign companies in the context of the institute of \"permanent representation\", the subject is the problems of collecting mandatory payments and the transformation of the institute in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. Within the framework of the article, the authors analyze the nature of a permanent establishment as a certain characteristic of a subject of tax law based on foreign experience. When revealing the objective reasons and prerequisites for the need to transform this institution, an analysis is also carried out based on the subjects of world economy and the theoretical approach of domestic researchers of such a transformation option as the introduction of the definition of \"digital permanent representation\". As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion about the need for qualitative changes in Russian tax law in terms of the regulation of permanent representation: its definitions, definitions of a single approach to a single technological process and the need to introduce the institute of digital permanent representation. When studying this problem, qualitative theoretical and practical analyses were carried out. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the existence of significant problems in the regulation of taxation of profits and income of foreign companies operating in Russia, in particular, through permanent representative offices, and proposals for their elimination.","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121587598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax, monetary and social effects of regulation of investment activity of citizens in Russia","authors":"A. Pugachev, Svetlana Evgen'evna Ryabinina","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.37468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.37468","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The investment resources of the population in Russia have a high potential from the standpoint of ensuring sustainable economic growth. Stimulation of investment activity of the population occurs with the help of various instruments, among which tax incentives have a significant place. The implementation of tax instruments to stimulate investment activity of the population should be carried out taking into account both tax and monetary, as well as social effects, since the economic spiral of such incentives leads not only to an increase in the growth rates and incomes of investors, but also affects the monetary inequality of citizens. The subject of the study is the socio-economic relations between the state and taxpayers regarding tax incentives for investment activity of citizens and the effects of this incentive. В  The study assessed the tax, monetary and social effects of the current system of tax incentives for investment activity of citizens. It is proved that the investment potential of citizens in the Russian economy is realized rather poorly. Tax incentives are one of the instruments of state stimulation of investment activity of citizens. The personal income tax investment deduction in the amount of funds deposited to an individual investment account is one of such instruments. The shortcomings of the regulation of individual investment accounts in Russia are revealed both from the standpoint of the incentive mechanism itself and the impact of tax deduction on the monetary inequality of citizens. Proposals have been formed to eliminate shortcomings. \u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116800366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VAT exemption: from theory to practice.","authors":"M. Bondarev, Maksim Vladimirovich Stankovskii","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.37374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.37374","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The problem of inaccurate interpretation of the norms of Article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation allowed us to determine the purpose of the article – the analysis of judicial practice in order to form an objective position on the legality of the application of tax legislation. Achieving this goal required solving a set of tasks: to form an understanding of the key features of exemption from value added tax and, based on judicial practice, to identify the main patterns of tax disputes. The object of the study is the process of regulating tax legal relations by legislative authorities. The subject of the study is a set of socio-economic relations arising in the process of applying tax legislation. This article uses traditional research methods: system analysis, deduction, induction, situational analysis, analogy and dialectics. В  The novelty of the study consists in identifying problematic aspects of the functioning of the current tax legislation, as well as the proposed solutions to them. The relevance of the topic under consideration is beyond doubt, since the norms of tax law have a significant impact on the development of the Russian economy. This article is of scientific interest to a wide range of specialists, analysts, as well as official news agencies. In addition, the information presented in the paper can serve as a scientific basis for modeling and forecasting priority areas of tax policy development. Based on the analysis of Article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, it can be concluded that many sub-paragraphs do not disclose a clear list of services, the sale of which is exempt from VAT taxation. As a result, there is a need to improve and detail the current tax legislation as a priority direction of the regulatory and legal policy of the state. \u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129040069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approach to reporting on transfer pricing in the CIS countries","authors":"Anastasiia Andreevna Iugina","doi":"10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.36207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2022.1.36207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article examines the main obligations of taxpayers in various CIS countries and their differences in comparison with the approach adopted by the OECD countries, in particular, the widespread obligation to file notifications of controlled transactions, the specifics of the requirements for filing three-level reporting, etc. The object of the study is the provisions of the legislation of the analyzed countries in the field of transfer pricing, by-laws and regulations issued by individual public authorities, and the subject of the study is the main regularities of regulation, as well as differences in the requirements for the preparation and submission of reports on transfer pricing. The main conclusions of the study are the high degree of specificity of taxpayers' obligations in the field of transfer pricing in the CIS countries, as well as the general unity of approach among the analyzed countries. As part of the work, it was also found that, taking into account the trends towards convergence of legal norms among the CIS countries, there is a high probability of further increase in the administrative burden on taxpayers, in particular, the adoption of TP rules by those countries that have not yet adopted them, and the introduction of three-level reporting in those countries in which such a requirement is not yet available. The novelty of the research lies in the formation of an up-to-date comparative characteristic of legislative norms, as well as the identification of possible trends in the development of legislation based on the history of the development of TP rules in the CIS countries.\u0000","PeriodicalId":167614,"journal":{"name":"Налоги и налогообложение","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131356620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}