{"title":"The Winchester Bible: Notable Features Observed During Conservation, 2012–15","authors":"Christopher Clarkson","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1748963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1748963","url":null,"abstract":"EDITORIAL COMMENT Over the span of three years Christopher Clarkson worked on Volumes I and II of the Winchester Bible, dated around 1160. In the article below he notes techniques he had not encountered before and discusses parchment manuscripts overall. The text was the last to be written for publication by Chris before his death, aged 78, on 30 March 2017. He had substantially drafted and revised it, but illness prevented him from approving it in this form. Chris had also wished to illustrate the article with many of his photographs of the Bible. However, failing health made the selection of these images impossible. Chris's family have nevertheless decided to publish the article because they thought that conservators and friends might wish to read Chris’s thoughts about his final conservation project. Dr Jedert Vodopivec, who had originally commissioned the article, kindly agreed to its publication here. Edited by Dana Josephson (in collaboration with Chris), with contributions by Professor Nicholas Pickwoad.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"22 3 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79588851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clarkson Festschrift","authors":"Nicholas Pickwoad","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1748418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1748418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"6 1","pages":"5 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79729920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Italian Knot-tack Sewing: A Reliable Hypothesis on a Late Medieval Technique","authors":"Claudia Benvestito","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1747887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1747887","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The knot-tack is a technique for sewing books on double supports which features a prominent knot settled over the centre of split-strap sewing supports. This method can be found in archive and library bindings, on manuscripts or printed-books, with stiff or limp covers. Up until a few years ago, the knot-tack had only been observed in books from Austria and described by Eleonore Klee. Recent findings at the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice (Italy), followed by new sightings in central Italy have opened the way to an expansion of Klee’s observations. Whilst the relationship between the Austrian and the Italian knot-tack sewing structures is not yet clear, this essay aims to describe, with the aid of pictures, the path of the thread in the making of the knot. It presents a number of possible applications for the book conservator, who can make effective use of the knot-tack sewing.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"25 1","pages":"61 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79739277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hand Papermaking at Moulin du Verger","authors":"Jacques Bréjoux","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1743531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1743531","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"46 1","pages":"33 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89941435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconstructing Christopher Clarkson’s Flip Flop Box: A Protective Enclosure for Book Covers","authors":"Claire Dekle, Gwenanne Edwards","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1747845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1747845","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the early 1970s Christopher Clarkson designed and constructed specialized enclosures, which he later named “flip flop boxes,” to protect Islamic book covers in the Kirkor Minassian Collection at the Library of Congress. A flip flop box provides support for book covers and permits easy viewing of both sides while reducing handling. Recently a project to house a book cover prompted a return to Clarkson's box design, since over 40 years of use for both storage and research has proven its elegance and durability. This paper gives a historical account of the design process, discusses selection of materials for the recent reconstruction, and provides detailed instructions for making a flip flop box.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"24 1","pages":"70 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82207093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Italian Laced-Case Paper Bindings","authors":"Nicholas Pickwoad","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1748416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1748416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The history of Italian laced-case bindings with covers of cartonnage can be traced back to the early sixteenth century, but the so-called legatura alla rustica achieved its definitive form in the seventeenth century, from which time they became one of the most common types of retail binding in the Italian booktrade. This article looks at the development in Italy of this type of binding and the different features that can be found on them from the first decade of the sixteenth century to the end of the eighteenth, and examines the ways in which a very cheaply-made binding was cleverly designed to exploit the unique characteristics of textblocks made from hand-printed sheets of handmade paper and the extraordinary qualities of Italian cartonnage to allow very light-weight and rapidly executed bindings to be remarkably durable. The economy of their manufacture is evidenced through the way paper was used to make the endleaves and the production of the cartonnage covers in format-related sizes to reduce waste. The article ends with four appendices which contain detailed descriptions of 16 representative examples, a fifth appendix which lists different ways in which binders sought to reinforce the structures of these bindings and a final appendix listing the sizes of 25 covers made from whole sheets of cartonnage.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"85 1","pages":"122 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91049060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chris Clarkson and his Contributions to the Study, Care, and Conservation of Manuscripts and Rare Books at the Walters Art Museum","authors":"Abigail B. Quandt","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1747867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1747867","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Early in his career as a rare book conservator Christopher Clarkson worked at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, Maryland, from February 1977 to August 1979. Hired by the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, Dr. Lilian M.C. Randall, with a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, Clarkson conducted a condition survey of the western European manuscripts and wrote detailed descriptions of their structure and bindings for the first comprehensive catalogue to be published of the collection. Clarkson provided training for Walters staff in the handling and display of early books and, with Randall's support, drafted a lengthy monograph on the subject that included instructions on the fabrication of Plexiglas® book cradles. As Clarkson's time was limited, he was unable to undertake the specialized treatment of manuscripts with broken textblocks and bindings. Recognizing the complex problems of thickly applied media on flexible parchment supports, Clarkson made a significant contribution to the preservation of the Walters collection by recommending important changes to existing protocols, established in the late 1960s, for the consolidation of flaking paint in the manuscripts. The experience that Clarkson had at the Walters was significant, as it shaped his thinking about the role of the conservator in studying and caring for early books and in establishing model preservation programmes for special collections in research libraries as well as museums.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"83 1","pages":"158 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73415562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Christopher Clarkson’s Bibliography","authors":"A. Campagnolo, R. DeStefano","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1743556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1743556","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, after his forming experience at the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale in Florence (BNCF) in response to the infamous 1966 Arno flood, Christopher Clarkson produced a significant number of publications about book conservation and archaeology of the book. His writings contain many of his fundamental ideas, investigative methodologies, and innovative terminology. Even the concept ‘book conservation’ came out of Chris’s reflections during his time along the river Arno (Bell & Clarkson, 2001: 75). In his PhD dissertation about ‘English fifteenth-century book structures’, Hadgraft (1998) outlines many of the terms advanced by Clarkson, the majority of which have become widely adopted by bookbinding scholars the world over. This bibliography attempts to bring together the extensive production of works published by Clarkson. It is based on Chris’s own bibliography that appears online on his website (Clarkson, 2017), integrated with the many citations brought to the readers’ attention by the authors of the papers in this volume, and with other citations found in the literature. In the section About Christopher Clarkson, we have entered some publications about Clarkson. In this list, one can find the digitized conservation laboratory archive of the Flood at the BNCF, where many reports and letters illustrating the response to the disaster at the library mention Chris. The section is followed by Obituaries. In the main list, we cover a number of unpublished reports and materials. This is by no means a comprehensive account of his unpublished work. We have set up this bibliography as a shared online Zotero library: https://www.zotero.org/groups/2455205/christ opherclarksonjpc_bibliography. We encourage anyone with information about items that are missing from this list, especially unpublished reports, to come forward and contribute to Clarkson’s bibliography.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"5 1","pages":"10 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74699297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Romanesque Binding in the J. Paul Getty Museum: Materials, Craft Technology, and Monastic Reform","authors":"Nancy K. Turner","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1763642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1763642","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An original twelfth-century binding in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles was studied by Christopher Clarkson in 1994. Unusual features caught his attention, particularly its undecorated tanned leather over-cover (‘chemise’) attached to bare boards by sewn-on ‘turn-in’ flaps and envelope pockets of white alum-tawed skin. With Clarkson’s condition report of the binding as its starting point, this new study situates the binding of the Getty’s Life of St Anselm into a wider context of northern French and Flemish Benedictine and Cistercian bindings of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. This paper highlights the binding practices of reform monastic orders and their ‘spirit of thrift’.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"7 1","pages":"213 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89726730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Straps, Tabs and Strings: Book-Marks in the Codices of the St Catherine’s Monastery in Sinai","authors":"Georgios Boudalis","doi":"10.1080/18680860.2019.1747877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18680860.2019.1747877","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper examines the bookmarks recorded in the manuscript collection of the St Catherine’s Monastery Library in Sinai. It proposes a consistent classification and terminology and examines in detail the three main types of bookmarks, the board strap markers, the endband string markers and the leaf tab markers using the physical evidence collected through the St Catherine’s Library Conservation Project as well as iconographical evidence from Byzantine works of art. The bookmark structure, function and materials are explained in detail, and line drawings of their shape and construction are also provided. Special attention is given to leather straps fixed on the boards of codices which have been interpreted as ‘lifting tabs’ in the past and which are now reinterpreted as bookmarks.","PeriodicalId":16666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paper Conservation","volume":"18 1","pages":"81 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89747293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}