Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice最新文献

{"title":"Use of mirtazapine for appetite stimulation and weight gain in cancer-associated cachexia and anorexia: A systematic review.","authors":"Kourtney A Ellenberg, Hannah K Vitale, Michael P Bloomfield, Jamie N Brown","doi":"10.1177/10781552261445609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261445609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveLimited guidance is available for the treatment of anorexia/cachexia in cancer patients. Appetite stimulation and weight gain are documented side effects of mirtazapine, so there is growing interest in its potential use this patient population. The objective of this review is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mirtazapine for appetite stimulation and weight gain in cancer-associated cachexia/anorexia (CACS).Data sourcesA literature search was performed in December 2025 using PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL to screen for randomized controlled trials meeting the designated inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data summaryFive randomized controlled trials were reviewed. Two studies compared mirtazapine to placebo, two compared mirtazapine to megestrol acetate, and one compared mirtazapine to olanzapine. Overall risk of bias was low for two studies, with some concerns identified in three studies. While mirtazapine demonstrated significant improvement in appetite from baseline in most studies, it was only when compared to olanzapine that mirtazapine significantly improved appetite compared to a control. Conversely, one study demonstrated superiority of megestrol, and the remaining three studies did not identify a difference in appetite outcomes between mirtazapine and the control group. Secondary outcomes analyzed included weight and energy intake, though no significant differences were noted between mirtazapine and the control group in any study. Rates of adverse effects were similar between mirtazapine and all comparator arms.ConclusionsThe included studies did not demonstrate consistent improvement in appetite outcomes with use of mirtazapine, although use was associated with low risk of harm. More trials involving larger patient populations and longer study durations may be warranted to establish its role in CACS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261445609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of working conditions in pharmacy technology units: A professional evaluation in five French healthcare institution.","authors":"Nicolas Cormier, Pierre-Yves Renard, Nicolas Cassou, Caroline Jozeau, Claude Bertrand, Lionel Brisseau","doi":"10.1177/10781552261444948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261444948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionPharmacy compounding in oncology requires strict adherence to technical and regulatory constraints to guarantee the quality and safety of preparations for both patients and staff. Good manufacturing practices define this framework by mandating trained and qualified personnel, as well as suitable work zones and equipment. These requirements can influence the quality of work life (QWL) for pharmacy professionals. The study aims to provide an overview of working conditions across five French teams working in a pharmacy technology unit dedicated to the preparation of sterile cytotoxic drugs.Materials and MethodsA survey, adapted from the GABO questionnaire, was developed and distributed to pharmaceutical teams (n = 111) over a 5-week period.ResultsEighty-eight questionnaires were returned (79.3% response rate); however, five were excluded due to a completion rate below 60%. Ultimately, eighty-three questionnaires with a completion rate exceeding 60% were analysed (74.7% participation rate). The mean score of working conditions is 5.6 out of 10. Factors negatively influence this score include, among others: Noise levels (65% rated high or very high), which caused discomfort for 45% of healthcare professionals (HCPs)A lack of control and privacy within the workspace (43% dissatisfied).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to present HCPs' perception of their working environment. Improvements are necessary, and professional levers for change have been identified: team atmosphere and the diversity of assigned tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261444948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and clinical impact of chemotherapy-induced adverse drug reactions: A prospective observational study abstract.","authors":"Ajith Js, Gangadhar B Magar, Khayati Moudgil, Devyani L Patil, Triveni P Tajve, Samruddhi R Waghchaure","doi":"10.1177/10781552261445811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261445811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundChemotherapy-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose substantial clinical and economic challenges for cancer patients, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study evaluated the incidence, severity, management, and cost burden of chemotherapy-related ADRs in a tertiary care hospital.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted among 415 patients receiving chemotherapy between September 2024 and April 2025. Data on ADR profiles, severity, causality, quality of life, medication adherence, and treatment-related costs were systematically collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 50.42 ± 19.64 years, with hypertension and diabetes being the most common comorbidities (21.0%). Lung cancer (16.1%), lymphoma (15.9%), and prostate cancer (14.9%) were the most frequently reported malignancies. Anemia (33.7%), nausea and vomiting (29.2%), and alopecia (23.9%) were the most common ADRs. Most reactions were moderate in severity (55.9%), followed by mild (29.6%) and severe (14.5%). Nearly half of the patients incurred ADR management costs exceeding ₹10,000. ADR severity was significantly associated with higher economic burden (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and poorer quality of life (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Medication adherence declined with increasing age, with no patients aged ≥80 years demonstrating high adherence.ConclusionChemotherapy-induced ADRs represent a significant clinical and economic burden. Strengthened pharmacovigilance, individualized treatment strategies, and cost-effective interventions are essential to improve patient safety and optimize oncology care outcomes<b>.</b></p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261445811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of thromboembolic events in testicular cancer patients receiving cisplatin (TESTCIS study).","authors":"Maëlie Dubois, Maxime Joly, Anne Dionne, Nancy Audet, Marie-Hélène Dancause","doi":"10.1177/10781552261445806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261445806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionDespite the increased incidence of testicular cancer in men aged 15 to 35, patients with this neoplasm have a high five-year survival rate thanks to chemotherapy. However, cisplatin, a drug used in the standard treatment for testicular cancer, seems to be associated with an increased incidence of thromboembolic events. The TESTCIS study aimed to describe the incidence of thromboembolic events in testicular cancer patients receiving cisplatin, identify the risk factors for thromboembolism, and determine the proportion of patients whose chemotherapy regimens had to be modified after a thromboembolic event to assess the appropriateness of concomitant thromboprophylaxis with cisplatin use.MethodsTESTCIS is a descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study that was carried out at four hospitals in the Chaudière-Appalaches administrative region of the province of Quebec. Patients included in the study must have initiated and completed cisplatin-based chemotherapy between January 1, 2012 and November 30, 2023. Bivariate logistic regression was used to explore a relationship between the identified variables and a thromboembolic event.ResultsIn the study, 23 out of 56 patients (41.1%) presented with at least one thromboembolic event. For 19 of these 56 patients (33.9%) the thromboembolic event was major, i.e., a pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, arterial thrombosis or cerebral venous thrombosis. The majority of these thromboembolic events (84.4%) occurred while the patients were on chemotherapy. Among the characteristics studied, disease recurrence (<i>p</i> = 0.03735) and a Khorana score of 2 (<i>p</i> = 0.01124) had a statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of a thromboembolic event. The chemotherapy regimen was changed for three patients (5.4%) due to a thromboembolic event. Overall, 7 out of 56 patients (12.5%) received thromboprophylaxis, and three of these patients nevertheless experienced a thromboembolic event. Five patients (8.9%) experienced bleeding, but only one of these five patients (who was not on anticoagulant therapy) experienced a major bleed.ConclusionThe observed occurrence of thromboembolic events in 41.1% of patients in the TESTCIS study illustrates a need for further studies and discussions to identify true benefits of thromboprophylaxis for patients with testicular cancer receiving a cisplatin-based protocol. Based on our observations, we believe that recurrent testicular cancer and a Khorana score of 2 or more at initial assessment should be considered exploratory findings that warrant confirmation in larger prospective studies. Careful attention should also be paid to patients with superficial venous thrombosis, as this condition may put the patient at risk of a subsequent major thromboembolic event. The efficacy and safety of thromboprophylaxis in this patient population should be evaluated further in a post-intervention study.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261445806"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a tertiary care center in India.","authors":"Ali Haider Asad, Aman Chaudhary, Asavari Raut, Janhavi P Kherodkar, Praschaya Kaushik, Sanskruti R Katkar","doi":"10.1177/10781552261445608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261445608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionIn India, breast cancer patients frequently report poor Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) during treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to assess HRQoL in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) Questionnaire.MethodsThis prospective observational study included breast cancer patients aged 18 and older who had received at least three cycles of chemotherapy. HRQoL was assessed using the FACT-B questionnaire at the third (C3), sixth (C6), and ninth (C9) cycles of chemotherapy. The Friedman test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate differences in scores across cycles and to compare distribution between patient groups.ResultsOf the 64 patients admitted during the study period, 58 met the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 54.6 (11.2) years. Across cycles, there was significant improvement in physical well-being (PWB; <i>p</i> <i><</i> <i>0.001</i>), emotional well-being (EWB; <i>p</i> <i><</i> <i>0.001</i>), functional well-being (FWB; <i>p</i> <i><</i> <i>0.001</i>), and the breast cancer subscale (BCS; <i>p</i> <i>=</i> <i>0.003</i>). The FACT-B Trial Outcome Index (TOI), FACT-General (G) Total, and FACT-B Total scores increased significantly over time (<i>p</i> <i><</i> <i>0.001</i>). Patients under 50 years had significantly higher PWB (<i>p</i> <i>=</i> <i>0.018</i>) and FWB (<i>p</i> <i><</i> <i>0.001</i>) scores than those 50 years and older. Metastatic status also showed significant association with EWB (<i>p</i> <i>=</i> <i>0.004</i>) and BCS (<i>p</i> <i>=</i> <i>0.007</i>).ConclusionA multitude of factors, including treatment-related dynamics and patient demographics, influenced the QoL in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The findings suggest targeted interventions may optimize patient well-being during treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261445608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hepatitis B virus screening and reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies receiving rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy: A single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Ahmet Emin Öztürk, Ali Gioventikli, Arif Burak Kanık, Ceren Öztürk, Tuğrul Elverdi, Ayşe Salihoğlu, Muhlis Cem Ar, Şeniz Öngören, Zafer Başlar, Teoman Soysal, Ahmet Emre Eşkazan","doi":"10.1177/10781552261441845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261441845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionHepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) is a serious problem in patients with B-cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms receiving rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the use of hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and antiviral prophylaxis.MethodsData from 577 patients treated between 2000 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and screening efficacy before and after 2010 was compared.ResultsHBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc IgG screening were determined as effective screening, and a significant improvement was achieved in effective screening in the second period. 47 patients received antiviral prophylaxis. 16 of 18 (3.1%) patients with HBVr were not receiving prophylaxis. The mean time to reactivation was 18.1 months after the start of chemoimmunotherapy, and one patient (0.2%) died of HBVr.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the critical importance of pretreatment HBV screening and prophylaxis to protect patients from the adverse consequences of reactivation. The study concludes that lamivudine may be a suitable prophylaxis option in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261441845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National recommendations for the safe handling of hazardous drugs by pharmacy technicians in Portugal: A modified delphi study.","authors":"Vítor Silva, Carolina Valeiro, Ana Alves, Ana Costa, Ana Costa-Veiga, Ana Rita Reis, Ana Rita Simões, Ana Silva, Anabela Andrade, Andreia Oliveira, André Marques, Carla Perpétuo, Cátia Pereira, Cristina Carriço, Elisabete Vieira, Fernando Moreira, Joana Santos, Joana Vilar, João Joaquim, Luís Valadares, Maria Baeta, Mariana Couras, Milene Ramires, Nuno Miguel Silva, Olívia R Pereira, Paula Bustorff Guerra, Pedro Alexandre, Rafaela Pinto, Ricardo Pelota, Sofia Alves Gomes, Sofia Roque Grilo, Sofia Vieira, Susana Sequeira, Tânia Guedelha, Tiago Freire, Vânia Oliveira, Cristiano Matos","doi":"10.1177/10781552261441848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261441848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundOccupational exposure to hazardous drugs is a recognised occupational risk in hospital pharmacy practice. Although international guidelines are available, the implementation is heterogeneous, and there are currently no formally endorsed national recommendations regarding the safety of pharmacy technicians in Portugal.ObjectiveTo develop consensus-based national recommendations for the safe handling of hazardous drugs by pharmacy technicians in Portugal.MethodsA modified Delphi study was conducted involving 43 invited experts from Portuguese hospital pharmacies. Fifty-eight statements were evaluated using a 0-10 agreement scale through one formal quantitative round, followed by a structured online consensus validation meeting and documentary confirmation. Consensus was predefined as a median score >7.ResultsThirty-six experts completed Round 1 (response rate 83.7%). All 58 statements voted on in Round 1 achieved consensus, with median scores of 10 for all recommendations and 98% of ratings ≥7. Following consolidation and merging procedures, the final set comprised 55 recommendations. The final recommendations were organised into five domains: occupational health surveillance, engineering controls and PPE, preparation technique and quality assurance, administrative safeguards, and environmental contamination and waste management.ConclusionsThis study establishes the first structured national consensus on hazardous drug handling safety for pharmacy technicians in Portugal. The resulting framework supports harmonisation of institutional practices, strengthens occupational risk governance, and provides a foundation for future implementation and evaluation studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261441848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of medication errors in oncological patients: A cross-sectional study and case reports of pharmaceutical interventions in a university hospital in central-west Brazil.","authors":"Esther Domenici Mozzer Pontes, Renato Rocha Martins, Paulo Augusto Souza Fernandes, Angela Ferreira Lopes","doi":"10.1177/10781552261444589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261444589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionAntineoplastic chemotherapy (ACT) is widely used, but involves significant risks due to protocol complexity and inherent toxicity. Pharmacists play a key role in validating ACT prescriptions to enhance patient safety.ObjectiveTo analyze medication errors during ACT prescribing and describe pharmaceutical interventions performed to manage these errors at a Federal University Hospital in the Central-West region of Brazil.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study, supplemented with case reports, was conducted between January 2023 and July 2024. A total of 382 prescriptions for 208 oncology outpatients were analyzed; only prescriptions with previously identified medication errors were included in this study. Medication errors were classified as decision-making or writing errors according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification and Dean et al. (2000), and categorized by severity using the NCC MERP framework. Data were extracted from an institutional database and validated by an oncology specialist pharmacist. Only deviations with potential pharmacological or clinical impact were classified as decision-making errors, excluding minor operational adjustments.ResultsDecision-making errors occurred in 91.6% (n = 358/391) of prescriptions, primarily due to inappropriate diluent volumes (91%), while writing errors were observed in 8.4% (n = 36/391), mainly from missing clinical information. Pharmaceutical interventions were accepted in 99% of cases, preventing errors from reaching patients. Most errors were intercepted before administration (NCC MERP Category B), though two cases had potential clinical consequences (Category C) and one required patient monitoring due to communication issues (Category D).ConclusionSpecialized oncology pharmacists play a critical role in ensuring the safety of ACT prescribing. The high proportion of decision-making errors observed within this selected sample emphasizes the need for systemic improvements, such as integrated electronic prescribing and continuous pharmacist-led oversight, to reduce preventable errors and enhance patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261444589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hyperthyroidism: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes in a real-world cohort study.","authors":"Baqir Jafry, Farzeen Syed, Jennifer Collins, Amir Kamran","doi":"10.1177/10781552261443700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261443700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHyperthyroidism is an immune-related adverse event associated with ICI use. Its underlying risk factors, progression to thyroiditis, and impact on patient outcomes remain less understood.MethodsData were obtained from the TriNetX network for patients aged ≥ 18 yr with cancers indicated for ICI therapy between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2024. Patients with pre-existing thyroid disorders were excluded. Competing risk analyses evaluated hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis versus death within 12 months of ICI initiation. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified significant predictors, and backward elimination retained variables that met significance threshold.ResultsAmong 41,629 patients receiving ICIs, 2.2% developed hyperthyroidism and 1.6% developed thyroiditis within 12 months. In those with hyperthyroidism, 17% initiated metoprolol, 8.9% initiated propranolol, and 5.2% initiated atenolol. Mortality rate was 2.9%. Patients who developed hyperthyroidism were more likely to have RCC (p < 0.0001, SMD = 0.27) or endometrial cancer (p < 0.0001, SMD = 0.24) and less likely to have liver (p < 0.0001, SMD = 0.24) or bladder cancer (p < 0.0001, SMD = 0.1575). While Nivolumab and ipilimumab usage was more common in patients who developed hyperthyroidism, ipilimumab showed a higher hazard in CPH (HR: 1.39, p = 0.0001). Patients with type 1 diabetes also showed significantly higher risk (HR 1.70, p = 0.0362), while black or African American patients showed lower hazard (HR: 0.798, p = 0.0305).ConclusionICI-induced hyperthyroidism is associated with significant mortality. Identifying high-risk cancer subtypes and using beta-blockers for symptom control are essential to mitigating adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261443700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective study of antimicrobial prophylaxis and infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Jeffrey Jang, Timothy Nold, Joseph P Marshalek, Jessica Matthiesen, Sarah Tomassetti","doi":"10.1177/10781552261443919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10781552261443919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are immunocompromised as a result of their malignancy and treatment, which can predispose to infection. The incidence of bacterial infection is most common (75-80%), followed by fungal (7-33%) and viral (12-20%) infections. Prophylaxis is recommended; however, uncertainty exists regarding optimal agent and duration. <b>Methods:</b> We present a single-center retrospective experience of 63 patients with AML from 2014-2024 investigating prophylaxis, infections, risk factors, and survival. <b>Results:</b> Median age was 53 years old, and the most common induction therapies were 7 + 3 (63%), azacitidine (11%), azacitidine + venetoclax (6%), and 7 + 3 + midostaurin (6%). Prophylaxis against fungal, viral, and bacterial infections was used in 87%, 75%, and 11% of patients. Across all lines of therapy, fungal, viral, and bacterial infections were diagnosed in 22%, 19%, and 78% of patients. Antiviral prophylaxis was associated with a statistically significant reduction in viral infections (13% vs. 38%, p = 0.029) with no significant impact on overall survival (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.32-2.26, p = 0.731). Antifungal and antibacterial prophylaxis were not associated with a decreased risk of infection nor improved survival. The rate of fungal infection was higher in patients with adverse risk AML compared to intermediate or favorable risk (41% vs. 15%, p = 0.028). <b>Conclusion:</b> This study provides valuable insight regarding prophylaxis and infections in AML patients, demonstrating the benefit of antiviral prophylaxis in reducing viral infections and the substantial risk of bacterial infection throughout all phases of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice","volume":" ","pages":"10781552261443919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}