Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"A percutaneous opening-wedge osteotomy for hand bone malunions.","authors":"Zitao Han, Xu Zhang, Xiaoliang Yang, Yadong Yu, Jingqiao Li, Guisheng Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10225536261459779","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261459779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate efficiency of a percutaneous opening-wedge osteotomy, realignment, and fixation for hand bone malunions.MethodsFrom November 2020 to November 2023, the patients with hand bone malunions were treated. Fracture angulation was assessed on X-rays or CT scans. Range of motion of the digits was assessed based on the total active motion scale. The scales were graded as excellent (100%), good (75%-99%), fair (50%-74%), and poor (<50%) based on the total active motion.ResultsThere were 47 patients (42 male and 5 female patients) with the mean age of 34 years (range, 17-58 years). The injured digits included thumb (<i>n</i> = 10), index finger (<i>n</i> = 6), long finger (<i>n</i> = 7), ring finger (<i>n</i> = 11), and little finger (<i>n</i> = 13). The mean duration from injury to surgery was 16 weeks (range, 3-58 weeks). Bone healing was achieved in all patients after a mean of 6 weeks (range, 4-12 weeks). The mean follow-up period was 26 months (range, 24-29 months). The mean preoperative apex angulation of the fingers was 43° (range, 11°-68°), and the mean angulation at the final follow-up was 2° (range, 0°-6°). The mean preoperative apex angulation of the thumbs was 40° (range, 32°-54°), and the mean angulation at the final follow-up was 0° (range, 0°-5°). At the final follow-up, the mean total active motion scale was 257° (range, 116°-283°). There were 36 excellent and 11 good results.ConclusionHand bone malunions can be treated with a percutaneous opening-wedge osteotomy, realignment, and fixation, resulting in good functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261459779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148218048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on performance metrics and play style in NBA athletes: A matched case-control analysis.","authors":"Tzu-Ming Hon, Chan-Chun Kuo, Yu-Che Lee, Po-Chun Chi, Joe Chih-Hao Chiu, Yi Lu, Cheng-Pang Yang","doi":"10.1177/10225536261457583","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261457583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAnterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a critical surgical intervention for NBA players. While return-to-play (RTP) rates are documented to be high, the long-term impact of ACLR on specific performance metrics and on-court play style remains poorly understood.Questions/PurposesThe purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate changes in performance and play style in NBA players post-ACLR compared to matched controls and (2) determine if durability or skill loss is the primary limiting factor following surgery.MethodsThis matched case-control study analyzed 38 NBA players who underwent ACLR between 2000 and 2022. Cases were matched 1:2 with 76 control players based on position, experience, and pre-injury performance. Metrics analyzed included minutes per game (MPG), usage rate (USG%), shooting distribution, and optical tracking data.ResultsPost-ACLR players exhibited significant declines in MPG, USG%, and dunk attempt frequency (<i>p</i> < .05) compared to controls, suggesting a reduction in physical explosiveness and offensive involvement. Conversely, no significant differences were observed in average shot distance, shooting distribution, or player tracking data. Notably, players who reached minimum post-surgery participation thresholds maintained pre-injury performance levels relative to controls.ConclusionACLR in NBA players is associated with a reduction in offensive workload and explosiveness; however, skill-based performance remains preserved in those who successfully return to sustained competition. These findings suggest that durability-rather than skill loss-is the primary challenge. Rehabilitation should emphasize workload management and neuromuscular conditioning to optimize career sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261457583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of coronal knee phenotype and joint line obliquity with proximal tibiofibular joint morphology in advanced osteoarthritis.","authors":"Nazım Erkurt, Tahsin Olgun Bayraktar, Can Burak Özkan, Berk Gedik, Ali Yüce, Mustafa Yerli, Hakan Gürbüz","doi":"10.1177/10225536261457653","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261457653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) is biomechanically related to the tibiofemoral joint and may influence load transmission across the knee. However, it remains unclear whether PTFJ morphology is associated with coronal knee phenotype, joint line obliquity, or both. This study aimed to radiologically evaluate the relationship between coronal knee alignment, joint line obliquity, and PTFJ morphology in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis.MethodsThis retrospective study included 324 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3-4 knee osteoarthritis who underwent standing long-leg radiographs and knee computed tomography. Coronal alignment parameters (mHKA, aHKA) and joint line obliquity were assessed on radiographs. PTFJ morphology-including coronal and sagittal inclination angles, joint obliquity, axial morphology, joint contour, fibular height, and fibula/tibia moment arm ratio-was evaluated using CT images. Associations between coronal knee phenotype, joint line obliquity, and PTFJ parameters were analyzed using non-parametric tests and categorical analyses.ResultsPTFJ morphological classifications differed significantly across coronal knee phenotypes. Flat PTFJ morphology was more frequent in varus-aligned knees, whereas convex axial morphology predominated in valgus alignment. Sagittal PTFJ inclination angle, tibial plateau-fibular axis angle, and fibula/tibia moment arm ratio differed significantly among alignment groups. Joint line obliquity was associated with differences in sagittal PTFJ inclination, fibular height, and related angular parameters, while coronal PTFJ slope and joint obliquity did not differ significantly.ConclusionIn advanced knee osteoarthritis, PTFJ morphology is associated with coronal knee phenotype and joint line obliquity. These findings suggest that PTFJ morphology reflects the relative spatial relationship between the tibia and fibula rather than being solely a consequence of degenerative change, supporting a combined constitutional and load-related influence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261457653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repair of the medial meniscus posterior root tear using an all-inside meniscal repair device is not necessary during open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.","authors":"Hee-June Kim, Ji-Yeon Shin, Hyun-Joo Lee, Jong Pil Yoon, Dong-Hyun Kim, Joon-Woo Kim, Changhyun Park, Hee-Soo Kyung","doi":"10.1177/10225536261449645","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261449645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the clinical and arthroscopic results of medial meniscus posterior tear (MMPRT) repair using an all-inside meniscal repair device combined with high tibial osteotomy (HTO), compared with HTO performed without MMPRT repair.MethodsOverall, 38 patients who underwent open-wedge HTO using a locking plate were examined. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative arthroscopic evaluation confirmed MMPRT. During HTO, meniscal repair with an all-inside meniscal repair device was performed in 24 cases, while partial meniscectomy of the movable torn meniscus was conducted in 14 cases with MMPRT. At 2 years postoperatively, arthroscopic meniscus healing, clinical results, and radiologic results were compared.ResultsArthroscopic evaluation showed improvement in the condition of the medial compartment cartilage after HTO in both groups. In the repair group, meniscus root healing was observed in 22 of 24 cases (92%), whereas in the no-repair group, healing was observed in 10 of 14 cases (71%); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Medial joint space increased in both groups (from 2.4 to 3.2 mm and 2.6 to 3.2 mm, respectively), and clinical scores also improved after HTO, with no significant differences between groups. Osteoarthritis progression, as assessed by K-L grade, progressed after HTO in both groups, without significant differences.ConclusionsNo significant differences were observed in arthroscopic, clinical, or radiographic results after HTO, regardless of MMPRT repair with the all-inside meniscal suture device. These findings suggest that MMPRT repair with the all-inside meniscal repair device may not be necessary during HTO.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261449645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early recovery and return to work after all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using partial peroneus longus tendon autograft: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Haotian Yang, Yue Lu, Kun Xia, Cainan She, Ran Tao, Wei Ji, Hongdong Ma","doi":"10.1177/10225536261474219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10225536261474219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeTo compare early postoperative recovery, return to work (RTW), functional outcomes, and short-term knee stability after all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using a partial peroneus longus tendon (PLT) autograft versus conventional hamstring tendon (HT) autograft reconstruction.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 80 patients who underwent primary ACLR between October 2022 and October 2023. Forty patients underwent all-inside ACLR using a partial PLT autograft, and 40 underwent conventional HT autograft ACLR. Minimum follow-up was 18 months. Patient-reported outcomes, range of motion, KT-2000 arthrometer side-to-side difference (SSD), clinical stability tests, early rehabilitation milestones, and RTW were evaluated during follow-up. RTW was defined as resumption of preinjury occupational duties without work restrictions.ResultsBoth groups showed postoperative improvement over time. Compared with the HT group, the PLT group achieved earlier out-of-bed mobilization, earlier assisted walking, and earlier RTW across occupational categories (all p < 0.001). The PLT group also had lower postoperative pain scores, greater range of motion, and higher Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury scores during follow-up. Although Lysholm scores were higher in the HT group, International Knee Documentation Committee scores improved in both groups and postoperative Lachman and pivot-shift findings did not differ significantly. KT-2000 SSD was lower in the PLT group, but the final absolute difference was small.ConclusionAll-inside ACLR using a partial PLT autograft was associated with earlier postoperative mobilization and RTW than conventional HT autograft ACLR while maintaining comparable short-term clinical stability. Because graft type and surgical technique differed concurrently between groups, these findings should be interpreted as the combined effect of both factors rather than the isolated effect of graft choice alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261474219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft tissue tumors of the hand and digits - The role of preoperative ultrasound compared to MRI.","authors":"Tina Deutinger, Hannes Gruber, Turkhan Mehdiyev, Leonhard Gruber, Yannick Scharll, Caroline Bauer, Robert Zimmermann","doi":"10.1177/10225536261457497","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261457497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionSoft tissue tumors of the hand and digits are often small and clinically non-specific, leading surgeons to omit preoperative imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging is traditionally considered the reference standard for soft tissue tumors, but its role in the evaluation of small lesions in this anatomic region is not well defined. Ultrasound, as a readily available and cost-effective modality for superficial lesions, offers potential advantages. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasound in soft tissue tumors of the hand and digits.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent surgical excision of soft tissue tumors of the hand in a tertiary referral center between January 1st, 2013, and December 31st, 2020. Demographic data, preoperative imaging reports, and histopathological diagnoses were collected. Histopathology served as the reference standard. Imaging data were re-analyzed per-modality by one radiologist blinded to the final diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were calculated.ResultsA total of 194 patients were included. Most lesions were benign (91%, 177/194), whereas 8% (15/194) were intermediate and 1% (2/194) malignant. Predictors of intermediate/malignant histology included larger tumor size (<i>p</i> < 0.001), palmar location (<i>p</i> = 0.015), distal finger location (<i>p</i> = 0.022), and poorly defined borders on ultrasound (<i>p</i> = 0.022). Ultrasound demonstrated a sensitivity of 77.1%, specificity of 47.1%, and an overall accuracy of 74.5%. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a sensitivity of 45.7%, specificity of 83.3%, and an overall accuracy of 51.2%. In the subgroup of patients who underwent both ultrasound and MRI, agreement between modalities was moderate (weighted kappa = 0.529).ConclusionUltrasound is an indispensable tool in the preoperative work-up of soft tissue tumors of the hand and digits. Given its sensitivity and overall accuracy, it should be considered the primary initial imaging modality, with magnetic resonance imaging reserved for cases with suspicious findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261457497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuina inhibits ferroptosis and inflammatory response in nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc degeneration rats.","authors":"Qian Li, Gangfeng Duan, Junchao Xu, Li Chen, Zhonghui Chen","doi":"10.1177/10225536261449647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261449647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition that affects the spine, particularly in the lumbar region and induces low back pain. Tuina therapy has been widely utilized to alleviate low back pain for a long time. However, the specific mechanism underlying this effect of Tuina therapy on IVDD remains unclear.MethodsThe rat IVDD model was established by puncturing caudal vertebrae. Magnetic resonance imaging, Hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Safranin O staining were operated to assess histological changes. RT-qPCR and Western blot were carried out to measure mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Prussian Blue Staining and an iron assay kit were utilized to measure iron content in NP tissues.ResultsThe chaotic fibrous tissues, loss of NP tissues and cartilaginous components were observed in IVDD rats, and these pathological changes were alleviated by Tuina therapy. Besides, the mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6) were significantly upregulated in IVDD group compared to sham group, and Tuina therapy reduced the release of these inflammatory factors. Moreover, the increased content of iron ion in IVDD rats was also reduced by Tuina therapy. Furthermore, the upregulation of ACSL4 protein, the downregulation of GPX and FTH proteins in IVDD groups were reversed by Tuina therapy.ConclusionsTuina therapy prevented IVDD aggravation by suppressing inflammatory response and ferroptosis in rat model.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261449647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of lorecivivint for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Syed Ahmed Ali Shah, Divesh Sunil Sachdev, Zain Ul Abideen Shahid, Muhammad Hassan, Hassan Abdul Aziz Dhedhi, Talha Aamir, Ahmed Nawaz, Muhammad Hussain, Sheikh Muhammad Maier, Hasibullah Aminpoor","doi":"10.1177/10225536261466342","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10225536261466342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis is a prevalent joint disorder with limited disease-modifying treatments, particularly of the knee. Lorecivivint is an intra-articular Wnt pathway inhibitor investigated as a potential disease-modifying agent for knee osteoarthritis. To investigate its therapeutic potential, a systematic review and meta-analyses of six randomized controlled trials including 2,179 patients comparing lorecivivint with placebo up to January 2026 was conducted. Lorecivivint exhibited modest improvements in WOMAC pain scores at weeks 12 and 24. However, it did not significantly improve functional outcomes, Pain Numeric Rating Scale scores, patient global assessment, or structural changes at the assessed time points. In the subgroup analyses, no constant dose-response relationship was observed, and no meaningful improvements were seen with 0.07 mg dose. Safety outcomes were also comparable to placebo. Although pain reduction was seen, further long-term studies are required to validate its clinical importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261466342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pre-contoured hook-plate simplifies anterior coronoid fixation: A matched-pair study.","authors":"Zheng Jinwen, Ming Xiang, Yiping Li, Hang Chen, Jinsong Yang, Qing Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10225536261476723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10225536261476723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe modified anterior neurovascular interval approach provides direct access to the anterior coronoid while preserving the flexor-pronator origin. However, the narrow working corridor makes conventional mini-plate fixation technically challenging, often requiring repeated contouring and supplementary lag screws. We developed a specialized anatomical hook-plate (SAHP) and compared it with conventional mini-plate (CMP) fixation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with unstable ulnar coronoid fractures (Regan-Morrey type II/III) treated via the anterior approach between January 2022 and January 2025. Twenty-five consecutive patients treated with SAHP were matched 1:1 with 25 CMP controls. Matching criteria included injury mechanism, Regan-Morrey classification, dominant fracture zone, and concomitant procedures. Operative time, supplementary lag screw use, union time, Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, flexion-extension arc, and complications were compared.ResultsAll 50 patients completed follow-up (median, 12.5 months; range, 12-20 months). Operative time was significantly shorter in the SAHP group than in the CMP group (93.2 ± 26.8 vs. 112.4 ± 30.5 min; mean difference -19.2 min, 95% CI -29.8 to -8.6; P = 0.001). Supplementary lag screws were required in 15 patients (60.0%) in the CMP group and in none of the SAHP group (P < 0.001). All fractures achieved union. At final follow-up, functional outcomes (MEPS, DASH, flexion-extension arc) were similar between groups (all P > 0.05). No fixation failure or reoperation occurred.ConclusionsFor coronoid fractures requiring anterior buttress fixation, the SAHP simplifies the procedure by reducing operative time and eliminating the need for supplementary lag screws compared to conventional mini-plates. This may lower the technical barrier for this challenging approach while providing comparable short-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261476723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring the talar dome: A comprehensive review of treatment options for osteochondral lesions in adults.","authors":"Raymonde Dahdouh, Karim Areslan, Katherine Atallah, Luna Maria Khalil, Mohamad Badra, Ramzi Moucharafieh","doi":"10.1177/10225536261476345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10225536261476345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteochondral lesions of the talus are injuries of the talar dome that are often overlooked until late disease progression. Throughout history, several techniques and treatment modalities have been used in the management of these lesions with an ongoing debate as to which approach is superior to the other, and what the indications and rehabilitation protocols are for each modality. Moreover, the introduction of adjunct therapies such as extracorporeal shockwave therapy and injectables widened the scope of the treatment. While most surgical and nonsurgical approaches have demonstrated satisfactory outcomes, an ideal treatment algorithm is still elusive. This literature review meticulously studies major trends in the different management techniques of osteochondral lesions of the talus, describing the mostly used protocols, comparative results, and complication rates. It also highlights the latest updates on the use of injectables and adjunct therapies, aiming to guide the clinical decision making in treating this pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":16608,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery","volume":"34 2","pages":"10225536261476345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}