Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy最新文献

{"title":"Study on the microwave heating temperature uniformity of an intelligent synergistic mode stirrer","authors":"Biao Yang, Feiyun Peng, Cheng Cheng, Zhaogang Wu, Hongbin Huang","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2235550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2235550","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aiming at the intercoupling of multiple physics and the time-varying characteristics of boundary conditions in the microwave heating process, how to optimize the temperature uniformity of materials with a cooperative-mode stirrer is focused in this paper. First, the formation of standing waves can be effectively avoided by introducing the mode stirrer, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the material. Description of pattern stirrer motion processes using implicit functions and level set methods. Second, in order to optimize the temperature uniformity of the material, the stirrer is made intelligent, and the electromagnetic field distribution can be optimized by using different stirrer positions and directions, and the temperature uniformity is improved through intelligent coordination of stirrers in different positions. Finally, the finite element method is used to perform numerical simulation calculations on integer and continuous variables. The results show that the proposed method can improve the temperature uniformity of the conventional microwave heating model by 28.2%–81.44% and 23.2%∼63.91% at each level and lead hammer section respectively, and can improve the heating efficiency by 14.8%∼36.4%. According to its performance when heating different shapes and different materials, the proposed method is efficient and feasible.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"23 1","pages":"178 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77015725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of seasonal variation in dielectric properties of groundwater from Vadodara region","authors":"F. M. Modi, D. H. Gadani, V. A. Rana","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2235552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2235552","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Groundwater samples were collected during different months from the same site from Vadodara district of Gujarat state. The complex permittivity of the water samples were precisely determined over the frequency span 20 Hz to 2 MHz. Complex permittivity spectral data were converted into complex impedance formalism. Obtained results were analysed to get information of seasonal variation in groundwater quality. Dielectric constant for all samples is found to decrease linearly and rapidly with increase in frequency up to about 4 kHz, after which it decreases slowly and achieves static value approximately 78, near 2 MHz for all water samples. Dielectric loss for the water sample collected in monsoon season (August) is the highest, which shows the presence of ions dissolved from the soil in rain water. DC resistance values, determined from the complex impedance plane plot (Z′’ vs. Z″), suggested an increase in the conductivity of the water samples collected near the end of monsoon season, due to the dissolved minerals and salts from soil. The calculated values of ε′’/ε′’ DW and ε″/ε″DW ratio for the water sample of August’18 show a relatively large increase during the post-monsoon month of August’18, above 2 kHz, as compared to other months.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"109 1","pages":"219 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83085717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of metallic enclosure depending on aperture position","authors":"Sunay Güler","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2209477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2209477","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) become one of the most important topics during electric vehicle design due to incorporating high voltage systems into conventional vehicle electronic architecture. Electromagnetic shielding enclosure is a conductive barrier utilized for protecting electronic circuits against external electromagnetic interference (EMI). Shielding effectiveness (SE) is a measure of shielding performance for the enclosures. Aperture of the enclosures attenuate SE by permitting EMI leakage to affect the electronic circuits. In this study, the effect of aperture position on SE is investigated while the dimensions of the enclosure remain fixed. It is obtained that SE varies depending on the aperture positions and it gets better while aperture is closer to the corners of the front panel. Then, the effects of different observation points, the dimensions of enclosure and aperture on SE are analysed while keeping the aperture position at the corner. It is obtained that SE gets better when the observation point is located far away from the aperture. Enlarging the enclosure dimensions makes SE better while increasing aperture dimensions attenuates SE. Finally, it is concluded that it is crucial to consider aperture position, observation point, the dimensions of enclosure and aperture to obtain better SE.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"16 1","pages":"129 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91139423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor’s message: about Artificial Intelligence as a tool for writing papers","authors":"J. Aguilar-Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2204648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2204648","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a trendy topic through advertisements, notes and even warnings about it, claiming that it can be used to answer almost any kind of question. Although we did not use to call it AI, we are somehow familiar with the concept of having computers answering tough inquiries as it can be seen in several science fiction stories, where they predict scenarios and help people to make decisions. In some cases, computers portraying certain personality were shown, but most of them did not imitate human intelligent behavior. Probably robots built with positronic brains were the only ones exhibiting such actions, but they still belong to the science fiction universe, hence there are no details on how they work to mimic human like thought. Modern AI consists in algorithms running by computers to simulate human capacity for learning, understanding, reasoning, and deducting. These are not isolated abilities since they conform a system which includes gathering data, analyzing, and reaching to conclusions. In many cases, worthiness perception of this intelligence depends on its applicability. The IA features have been described by many reporters and social media, claiming its great feats in forecasting scenarios, answering questions, and performing some tasks, as they were carried out by intelligent flowless humans. Therefore, as soon as IA applications (software) became readily available, a lot of tests follow up. Some are pursuing a quite serious interest in learning more about this technology and its capacities, while others are just driven by curiosity. Several opinions have emerged from the news and reports of the users, so that there are enthusiastic people who see a powerful tool that might help professionals to perform their tasks, better or faster, in opposition to others who are afraid of its probable misuse, proposing that it should be banned. This response could be compared to the automation technology, that nowadays uses AI for controlling machines while performing programmed instructions. The automatic devices include, but are not limited to, house appliances, manufacturing machines, service machines, and vehicles. This technology that might be controversial has matured so that it is not questioned and seems naturally employed. Perhaps a point of concern with AI is that it is supposed to perform intellectual rather than hard work, although AI exists in all kinds of apparatus and gadgets with the smart adjective. Among the intellectual applications of AI that are becoming an attractive interest is writing. We are wondering if AI can really produce new documents, write essays, and do the homework of the students or anyone who wants to produce written material. The articles attributed to AI, demonstrating congruence resembling human work, are aimed to general topics and comments about markets, sports, and other events, where their originality is based on the quality of the compilation presented as a single easy to read","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"119 1","pages":"89 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86831523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted hot air drying of bone broth-based sauce","authors":"Cuneyt Dincer, E. Aykın‐Dinçer, Özer Kütükçü","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2209771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2209771","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, it was aimed to bring the bone broth-based sauce into powder form by microwave assisted hot air drying method and to determine the drying characteristics of this product. Bone broth-based sauces were dried at the drying temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 °C, and at the microwave powers of 90, 180 and 360 W, until a moisture content of 10% (dry basis). The moisture ratio (MR) was significantly influenced by the drying temperature and microwave power. Ten kinetic models were selected to evaluate MR data, with regard to adjusted regression coefficient (R2 ), the reduced chi-square (χ2 ) and root mean square error (RMSE). Midilli and Page models exhibited a better fit for the drying kinetics of bone broth-based sauce than the other drying models tested. In addition, the effective moisture diffusivity (Deff ) and activation energy (Ea ) values were 1.27 × 10−7 m2/s and 27 kJ/mol, respectively. Consequently, these results can be used to simulate the microwave assisted hot air drying of bone broth-based sauce and improve the efficiency of the drying process.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"5 1","pages":"146 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84265184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dielectric properties of Sphenarium purpurascens at 2.4 GHz","authors":"Tejinder Kaur, J. Olvera-Cervantes, R. Rojas‐Laguna, María Elena Sosa-Morales, A. Corona‐Chavez","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2203633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2203633","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The dielectric properties of edible grasshoppers (Sphenarium purpurascens) are presented at 2.4 GHz using the cavity perturbation technique. The samples are subjected to increasing temperatures (from 25 to 80 °C). It will be shown that the real part of the permittivity has a decreasing trend to rising temperature. As temperature increases, water evaporates; therefore the value of permittivity decreases. Moreover, dielectric losses increase with increasing temperature from 16 at 25 °C to 32 at 80 °C. This is caused by a predominant ionic conduction at lower frequencies, where ionic mobility increases at higher temperatures. In addition, the penetration depth decreases from 10.8 mm at 25 °C to 3.5 mm at 80 °C.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"38 1","pages":"91 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77533725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Permittivity measurements for roasted ground coffee versus temperature, bulk density, and moisture content","authors":"R. Pérez-Campos, J. Fayos-Fernández, J. Monzó-Cabrera","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2206666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2206666","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For a large variety of food products, the moisture content can be indirectly determined by measuring their dielectric properties. In the case of coffee, the permittivity knowledge can be applied to determine the moisture content indirectly or for online moisture meters in automatic control of coffee dryers. However, there is little data on the dielectric properties of roasted ground coffee near the 2.45 GHz ISM band. In this contribution, the permittivity was measured versus temperature, bulk density, and moisture content. A resonant technique based on a coaxial microwave cavity was employed to obtain the complex permittivity as a function of those magnitudes near the 2.45 GHz ISM band. In addition, the permittivity of the coffee particle kernel has been estimated from a complex refractive index mixture equation, thus calculating the permittivity of the coffee particle kernel from the permittivity values of the mixture air-coffee (ground coffee) at different bulk densities. The results showed that both dielectric constant and loss factor increase for increasing temperature, bulk density, and moisture content values. Furthermore, expressions fitting the experimental data were provided, thereby facilitating the estimation of the values throughout the studied temperature, bulk density, and moisture content ranges.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"67 1","pages":"102 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89036188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the influence of marination and storage on microwave dielectric properties of chicken breast meat","authors":"S. Trabelsi","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2207604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2207604","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Simultaneous influence of marination and storage on dielectric properties of chicken meat was investigated through dielectric measurements at microwave frequencies. For this purpose, an open-ended coaxial probe and a vector network analyzer were used for measurement of the dielectric properties between 200 MHz and 20 GHz and at a room temperature of 22 °C. For all chicken samples, the same general trend was observed for the variations of dielectric properties with frequency. The dielectric constant decreased with frequency with significant slope change at about 5 GHz. The dielectric loss factor decreased sharply up to 2 GHz and then increased with frequency showing a broad relaxation above 8 GHz. Values of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor measured for marinated chicken meat samples were greater than those of non-marinated samples and this was more significant for the dielectric loss factor at lower frequencies. In addition, each level of marination was distinctly observed over the same frequency range. Investigation of the influence of storage revealed that the dielectric loss factor of marinated samples decreased over the storage period while those of non-marinated sample slightly increased with storage time. For both marinated and non-marinated samples, water loss increased with storage time.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"117 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76987093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of multi-frequency heating based on the nonlinear response characteristics of magnetron to improve uniformity","authors":"Mengna Du, Zihao Zhang, Jie Huang, Huacheng Zhu, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2166003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2166003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The majority of microwave ovens on the market are powered by magnetrons, which can only produce a narrow-band frequency that has a large peak, resulting in poor uniformity. A method is proposed to improve nonuniform heating based on nonlinear response characteristics of the magnetron to produce multi-frequency. First, a multi-physics model of microwave heating is established to realize the calculation of multi-frequency heating. Second, a multi-frequency heating experimental system based on the characteristics of the magnetron is built and verified with the calculated results. The results show that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, based on the multi-physics model, the influences of different parameters, such as frequency intervals, cavity size, location of the object to be heated and material properties, on microwave heating uniformity have also been discussed. The results show that the method adopted in this paper is feasible, and the heating uniformity of microwaves is improved.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"7 1","pages":"71 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74439005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor’s message: textbooks for helping new generations to see further","authors":"Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2023.2169226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2023.2169226","url":null,"abstract":"The best-known source of the quote ‘If I have seen a little further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants’ has been taken from a letter of Sir Isaac Newton to Robert Hooke, expressing a sort of recognition to Descartes on his studies of light. Sir Isaac Newton was a Lucasian Professor (he held the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge), so probably it is more than a coincidence that the same idea is the basis of the title of a compilation of scientific texts edited and commented by another Lucasian Professor, Stephen Hawking, ‘On the shoulders of giants: The great works of physics and astronomy’, which is about the contributions of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Sir Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein. The reference to giants is metaphoric, recognizing the importance of the work performed by the predecessors as the base of the new findings. It cannot be another way, as the rise of civilization has depended on the capacity of each generation to remember what was learned by the previous ones. Oral and master-apprentice methods were the most common ways for passing knowledge from generation to generation, but they were limited due to the chances of forgetting or misunderstanding shared thoughts. There are many references to accidental learning, but it is likely improbable compared to needdriven research that could emerge, once again after certain learning is forgotten, with the repetition of similar experiences and reinventions along different generations. Perhaps writing is also a need-driven development so it was invented by different cultures. It was a great leap since it made it possible to transmit information through generations, despite the loss or death of those who generated it, and then have knowledge accumulation. This is the medulla of recognition to ancient people who left their legacy in innumerable documents and books. There are many factors that affect the path to reaching a high level of culture and technology to become a civilization. Knowledge generation requires people prepared to do so, it is not the available information, but the method to get data, produce information through analysis, and then have knowledge. Climbing on the shoulders of giants who left their legacy requires certain abilities and skills, therefore growing up is not fortuitous, as people are taught to seek out, and learn. The people with the necessary abilities to create inventions, apply knowledge, and generate it, are in principle formed in educative institutions, earning their academic degrees in sciences and engineering. During the process, they must learn and understand wellestablished knowledge, which has been produced over centuries. The teaching-learning process mainly depends on the student, who must assimilate the information that receives from the professor and the study material. A very important auxiliary in this process is the textbook of every subject because they compile the generated knowled","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}