Journal of neurotrauma最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: High School Sports-Related Concussion, and the Effect of a Jugular Vein Compression Collar: A Prospective Longitudinal Investigation of Neuroimaging and Neurofunctional Outcomes; DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0141.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/neu.2021.0141.correx","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2021.0141.correx","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Impulsivity, Self-Harm, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Liliana Ladner, Tyler Shick, Srijan Adhikari, Eric Marvin, Justin Weppner, Anita Kablinger","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0167","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects over 48 million people worldwide each year. Suicide is common in TBI, and there are several known contributing factors, including severe TBI, depression, alcohol use, and male sex. Impulsivity, or the tendency to act quickly with little thought, may be an early predictor of suicidality following TBI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of suicidality in patients with a prior history of impulsivity following a TBI. Using de-identified electronic health records from the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network with Natural Language Processing, three cohorts were generated: the impulsivity TBI cohort (I+TBI+) included subjects with a diagnosis of impulsivity before a diagnosis of TBI; the no impulsivity TBI cohort (I-TBI+) included patients with TBI but no impulsivity; the impulsivity no TBI cohort (I+TBI-) included patients with impulsivity but TBI. Two analyses were conducted, including analysis 1 (impulsivity TBI vs. no impulsivity TBI) and analysis 2 (impulsivity TBI vs. impulsivity no TBI). Patients were 1:1 matched by age, sex, race, ethnicity, psychiatric diagnoses, and antidepressant use. Outcomes included a diagnosis of self-harm, suicidal ideation, or a suicide attempt within 1 year after the index event. The all-time incidence of each outcome was assessed across different age categories. The chi-square test (categorical variables) and <i>t</i>-test (numerical variables) were used to assess for differences between groups. A total of 1,292,776 patients with TBI were identified in the study. After 1:1 matching, there were 20,694 patients (mean [standard deviation, SD] age, 48.1 [21.8]; 8,424 females [40.7%]) with impulsivity and TBI (I+TBI+), 1,272,082 patients (mean [SD] age, 46.0 [23.1]; 562,705 females [44.2%]) with TBI alone (I-TBI+), and 90,669 patients (mean [SD] age, 43.7 [22.6]; 45,188 females [49.8%]) with impulsivity alone (I+TBI-). Within the first year after a TBI, patients with impulsivity were more likely to exhibit self-harm (<i>p</i> < 0.001), suicidal ideation (<i>p</i> < 0.001), or a suicide attempt (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Compared with patients with TBI without impulsivity, those with impulsivity had a 4-fold increase in the incidence of self-harm (2.81% vs. 0.63%), an 8-fold increase in suicidal ideation (52.42% vs. 6.41%), and a 21-fold increase in suicide attempts (32.02% vs. 1.50%). This study suggests that impulsivity diagnosed before a TBI may increase the risk of post-traumatic suicidality, with a 4-fold increased risk of self-harm, an 8-fold increased risk of suicidal ideation and a 21-fold increased risk of suicide attempts. This characterizes a group of at-risk individuals who may benefit from early psychiatric support and targeted interventions following a TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2580-2589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repetitive Mild Closed-Head Injury Induced Synapse Loss and Increased Local BOLD-fMRI Signal Homogeneity.","authors":"Marija Markicevic, Francesca Mandino, Takuya Toyonaga, Zhengxin Cai, Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh, Xilin Shen, Stephen M Strittmatter, Evelyn M R Lake","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0095","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repeated mild head injuries due to sports, or domestic violence and military service are increasingly linked to debilitating symptoms in the long term. Although symptoms may take decades to manifest, potentially treatable neurobiological alterations must begin shortly after injury. Better means to diagnose and treat traumatic brain injuries requires an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying progression and means through which they can be measured. Here, we employ a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) and chronic variable stress mouse model to investigate emergent structural and functional brain abnormalities. Brain imaging is achieved with [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography, with the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A ligand marking synapse density and BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Animals were scanned six weeks after concluding rmTBI/Stress procedures. Injured mice showed widespread <i>decreases</i> in synaptic density coupled with an i<i>ncrease</i> in local BOLD-fMRI synchrony detected as regional homogeneity. Injury-affected regions with <i>higher</i> synapse density showed a <i>greater increase</i> in fMRI regional homogeneity. Taken together, these observations may reflect compensatory mechanisms following injury. Multimodal studies are needed to provide deeper insights into these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2528-2544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The White Matter Fiber Tract Deforms Most in the Perpendicular Direction During <i>In Vivo</i> Volunteer Impacts.","authors":"Zhou Zhou, Christoffer Olsson, T Christian Gasser, Xiaogai Li, Svein Kleiven","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0183","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White matter (WM) tract-related strains are increasingly used to quantify brain mechanical responses, but their dynamics in live human brains during <i>in vivo</i> impact conditions remain largely unknown. Existing research primarily looked into the normal strain along the WM fiber tracts (i.e., tract-oriented normal strain), but it is rarely the case that the fiber tract only endures tract-oriented normal strain during impacts. In this study, we aim to extend the <i>in vivo</i> measurement of WM fiber deformation by quantifying the normal strain perpendicular to the fiber tract (i.e., tract-perpendicular normal strain) and the shear strain along and perpendicular to the fiber tract (i.e., tract-oriented shear strain and tract-perpendicular shear strain, respectively). To achieve this, we combine the three-dimensional strain tensor from the tagged magnetic resonance imaging with the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) from an open-access dataset, including 44 volunteer impacts under two head loading modes, i.e., neck rotations (<i>N</i> = 30) and neck extensions (<i>N</i> = 14). The strain tensor is rotated to the coordinate system with one axis aligned with DTI-revealed fiber orientation, and then four tract-related strain measures are calculated. The results show that tract-perpendicular normal strain peaks are the largest among the four strain types (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Friedman's test). The distribution of tract-related strains is affected by the head loading mode, of which laterally symmetric patterns with respect to the midsagittal plane are noted under neck extensions, but not under neck rotations. Our study presents a comprehensive <i>in vivo</i> strain quantification toward a multifaceted understanding of WM dynamics. We find that the WM fiber tract deforms most in the perpendicular direction, illuminating new fundamentals of brain mechanics. The reported strain images can be used to evaluate the fidelity of computational head models, especially those intended to predict fiber deformation under noninjurious conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2554-2570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Concussions with Persisting Symptoms Caused by Motor Vehicle Crashes in 136 Vehicle Occupants Shows that Females Are Vulnerable Road Users.","authors":"Charles H Tator, Olivia F T Scott, Benjamin S Elkin, Emma Prentice, Umar Muhammad, Mozhgan Khodadadi, Qixuan Li, Ella Huszti, Maria Carmela Tartaglia","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2024.0207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the Canadian Concussion Centre, we treated 136 patients from 2000 to 2020 who sustained concussion plus persisting concussion symptoms (C+PCS) as motor vehicle occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). This center specializes in the treatment of patients with C+PCS. The objective of the present study was to identify strategies for preventing concussion among vehicle occupants involved in MVC. Indeed, this is the first study focused on C+PCS in MVC occupants, and our main purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of onboard concussion prevention strategies. In this retrospective, consecutive cohort of 136 patients with C+PCS, we examined the patients' demographic and injury features in relation to the nature of the MVC including speed, direction of impact, and availability, deployment, and effectiveness of onboard occupant safety measures including seatbelts, head restraints, and airbags. The most frequent combination of factors was a belted female driver of an automobile struck from behind by another automobile. Surprisingly, the entire patient cohort comprised more females (69.1%) than males (30.9%), and rear-end collision was the most common type in females. Most injured occupants of both sexes were wearing seatbelts, but only a minority of the crashes caused airbag deployment. The seven most common symptoms were headache (84.6%), anxiety (72.8%), sensitivity to light (70.6%), memory problems (69.9%), sensitivity to noise (66.2%), irritability (56.6%), and depression (55.9%). Whiplash was a frequent associated injury in both sexes. Complete recovery from C+PCS was rare, and most patients with known follow-up continued to suffer from persisting symptoms for months to years. The median symptom duration for all 136 patients was 30.0 months (interquartile range: 16.8-56.0 months). Based on these findings, we conclude that females are indeed vulnerable road users with respect to C+PCS, and our literature search showed that there had been some previous evidence of increased injury risk of other injuries in female occupants. We recommend that additional prevention strategies are required to reduce the post-crash acceleration-deceleration \"bobble-head\" movement of the head on trunk causing both concussion and whiplash as has been accomplished in auto racing. Also, these prevention measures must be investigated in crash studies that include low-to-high speed rear-end collisions using anthropometrically appropriate models of male and female occupants reflecting the range of sizes of both sexes. There is a need for more concussion brain injury prevention research focusing on the vulnerability of female occupants, which has not been sufficiently addressed even though the deficiency was identified many years ago. The sex inequity of current onboard motor vehicle concussion brain injury prevention measures especially with respect to females should be addressed by governments and the automobile and insurance industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Differences Modify Anesthetic Preconditioning of Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila.","authors":"Dena Johnson-Schlitz, Amanda R Seidl, Zachariah P G Olufs, Wen Huang, David A Wassarman, Misha Perouansky","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0314","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre-clinical vertebrate models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) routinely use anesthetics for animal welfare; however, humans experience TBI without anesthetics. Therefore, translation of findings from vertebrate models to humans hinges on understanding how anesthetics influence cellular and molecular events that lead to secondary injuries following TBI. To investigate the effects of anesthetics on TBI outcomes, we used an invertebrate <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> model to compare outcomes between animals exposed or not exposed to anesthetics prior to the same primary injury. Using a common laboratory fly line, <i>w¹¹¹⁸</i>, we found that exposure to the volatile anesthetics isoflurane or sevoflurane, but not ether, prior to TBI produced a dose-dependent reduction in mortality within 24 h following TBI. Thus, isoflurane and sevoflurane precondition <i>w¹¹¹⁸</i> flies to deleterious effects of TBI. To examine the effects of genetic differences on anesthetic preconditioning of TBI, we repeated the experiment with the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) collection of genetically diverse, inbred fly lines. Pre-exposure to either isoflurane or sevoflurane revealed a wide range of preconditioning levels among 171 and 144 DGRP lines, respectively, suggesting a genetic component for variation in anesthetic preconditioning of mortality following TBI. Finally, genome-wide association study analyses identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with isoflurane or sevoflurane preconditioning of TBI. Several of the genes, including the fly ortholog of mammalian <i>Calcium Voltage-Gated Subunit Alpha1 D</i> (<i>CACNA1D</i>), are highly expressed in neurons and are functionally linked to both anesthetics and TBI. These data indicate that anesthetic dose and genetic background should be considered when investigating effects of anesthetics in vertebrate TBI models, and they support use of the fly model for elucidating the mechanisms underlying anesthetic preconditioning of TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There an Optimal Time Window of Placement of Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Monitor for Elderly Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury? An 11-Year Institutional Cohort Study With Restricted Cubic Spline Analysis.","authors":"Yuan Wang, Shaochun Guo, Peigang Ji, Ruili Han, Na Wang, Jinghui Liu, Fan Chen, Yulong Zhai, Yue Wang, Yang Jiao, Wenjian Zhao, Chao Fan, Yanrong Xue, Liang Qu, GuoDong Gao, Yan Qu, Liang Wang","doi":"10.1089/neu.2023.0610","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2023.0610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is a prominent contributor to both morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. The monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is crucial in the management of sTBI patients. Nevertheless, the appropriate timing for the placement of ICP monitor in elderly sTBI patients remains uncertain. To determine the optimal timing for the placement of ICP monitor in elderly sTBI patients, in this retrospective cohort study, we collected data from elderly patients (> 65 years) who suffered sTBI and received ICP monitors at Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, between January 2011 and December 2021. To examine the relationship between the time of ICP monitor placement and in-hospital mortality, we conducted a multi-variate-adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was applied to further analyze the influencing factors contributing to early or late ICP monitor placements. A total of 283 eligible elderly TBI patients were included in the current analysis. The in-hospital mortality rate was 73 out of 283 (26%). The RCS analysis demonstrated an inverted U-shaped curve in the relationship between the timing of ICP monitor placement and in-hospital mortality. For the elderly sTBI patient cohort, 6 h was identified as the crucial moment for the treatment strategy. In addition, the protective time window for ICP placement was less than 4.92 h for the GCS 3-5 group, and less than 8.26 h for the GCS 6-8 group. However, the clinical benefit of ICP placement decreased gradually over time. The relationship between ICP placement and in-hospital mortality was non-linear, exhibiting an inverted U-shaped curve in elderly patients with sTBI. For elderly patients with sTBI, early (≤ 6 h) ICP placement was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality. The clinical benefit of ICP placement decreased beyond the optimal time window.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2363-2376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Administration of Anti-CD47 Antibody Augments Hematoma Clearance, Mitigates Acute Neuropathology, and Improves Cognitive Function in a Rat Model of Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Ping Wang, Xiaofang Yang, Fangzhou Yang, Katherine Cardiff, Melonie Houchins, Noemy Carballo, Deborah A Shear, Anke H Scultetus, Zachary S Bailey","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0047","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced intracerebral hematoma is a major driver of secondary injury pathology such as neuroinflammation, cerebral edema, neurotoxicity, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction, which contribute to neuronal loss, motor deficits, and cognitive impairment. Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) is an antiphagocytic cell surface protein inhibiting hematoma clearance. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of blockade of CD47 via intravenous (i.v.) administration of anti-CD47 antibodies following penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) with significant traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (tICH). The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of the anti-CD47 antibody elicited that antibody concentration decayed over 7 days post-administration. Blood tests and necropsy analysis indicated no severe adverse events following treatment. Cerebral hemoglobin levels were significantly increased after injury, however, anti-CD47 antibody administration at 0.1 mg/kg resulted in a significant reduction in cerebral hemoglobin levels at 72 h post-administration, indicating augmentation of hematoma clearance. Immunohistochemistry assessment of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) demonstrated a significant reduction of GFAP levels in the lesion core and peri-lesional area. Based on these analyses, the optimal dose was identified as 0.1 mg/kg. Lesion volume showed a reduction following treatment. Rotarod testing revealed significant motor deficits in all injured groups but no significant therapeutic benefits. Spatial learning performance revealed significant deficits in all injured groups, which were significantly improved by the last testing day. Anti-CD47 antibody treated rats showed significantly improved attention deficits, but not retention scores. These results provide preliminary evidence that blockade of CD47 using i.v. administration of anti-CD47 antibodies may serve as a potential therapeutic for TBI with ICH.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2413-2427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptic Plasticity in the Injured Brain Depends on the Temporal Pattern of Stimulation.","authors":"Quentin S Fischer, Djanenkhodja Kalikulov, Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco, Carrie A Williams, Philip R Baldwin, Michael J Friedlander","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0129","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurostimulation protocols are increasingly used as therapeutic interventions, including for brain injury. In addition to the direct activation of neurons, these stimulation protocols are also likely to have downstream effects on those neurons' synaptic outputs. It is well known that alterations in the strength of synaptic connections (long-term potentiation, LTP; long-term depression, LTD) are sensitive to the frequency of stimulation used for induction; however, little is known about the contribution of the temporal pattern of stimulation to the downstream synaptic plasticity that may be induced by neurostimulation in the injured brain. We explored interactions of the temporal pattern and frequency of neurostimulation in the normal cerebral cortex and after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), to inform therapies to strengthen or weaken neural circuits in injured brains, as well as to better understand the role of these factors in normal brain plasticity. Whole-cell (WC) patch-clamp recordings of evoked postsynaptic potentials in individual neurons, as well as field potential (FP) recordings, were made from layer 2/3 of visual cortex in response to stimulation of layer 4, in acute slices from control (naive), sham operated, and mTBI rats. We compared synaptic plasticity induced by different stimulation protocols, each consisting of a specific frequency (1 Hz, 10 Hz, or 100 Hz), continuity (continuous or discontinuous), and temporal pattern (perfectly regular, slightly irregular, or highly irregular). At the individual neuron level, dramatic differences in plasticity outcome occurred when the highly irregular stimulation protocol was used at 1 Hz or 10 Hz, producing an overall LTD in controls and shams, but a robust overall LTP after mTBI. Consistent with the individual neuron results, the plasticity outcomes for simultaneous FP recordings were similar, indicative of our results generalizing to a larger scale synaptic network than can be sampled by individual WC recordings alone. In addition to the differences in plasticity outcome between control (naive or sham) and injured brains, the dynamics of the changes in synaptic responses that developed during stimulation were predictive of the final plasticity outcome. Our results demonstrate that the temporal pattern of stimulation plays a role in the polarity and magnitude of synaptic plasticity induced in the cerebral cortex while highlighting differences between normal and injured brain responses. Moreover, these results may be useful for optimization of neurostimulation therapies to treat mTBI and other brain disorders, in addition to providing new insights into downstream plasticity signaling mechanisms in the normal brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2455-2477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sex and Pubertal Development on Anxiety in Adolescents After Concussion.","authors":"Dean Gomes, Shawn Eagle, Bindal Mehmel, Ted Albrecht, Amelia Versace, João Paulo Lima Santos, Alicia Trbovich, Richelle Stiffler, Laramie Martinez, Cyndi L Holland, Aaron J Zynda, Michael W Collins, Anthony P Kontos","doi":"10.1089/neu.2023.0132","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2023.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concussion often results in psychological symptoms, including anxiety. Post-concussion anxiety has been well documented, although much of this research has focused on collegiate athletes. The purpose of this study was to compare (1) anxiety symptoms in concussed and healthy controls over time and (2) to explore sex differences in post-concussion anxiety within the context of pubertal development. Participants (N = 126, mean age = 15.1 years old), including concussed (<i>n</i> = 86) and healthy adolescents (<i>n</i> = 40), completed the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) and the Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders (SCARED-C). The concussed groups completed SCARED-C at three visits (<u><</u>10 days, 4 weeks, 3 months). Results of an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multi-variate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) found concussed adolescents reported higher SCARED-C total, generalized, and panic anxiety scores than healthy controls, after controlling for sex, age, and PDS score (PDSS). A three-way mixed ANCOVA examined the effects of sex, PDSS, time, and their interaction on SCARED-C total score in concussed adolescents while controlling for age. There was a significant three-way interaction between sex, age, and PDSS on SCARED-C total score while controlling for age. Overall, we observed increased anxiety in concussed adolescents, compared with controls, as well as greater post-concussion anxiety reported by females compared with males, including within PDSS groups. Concussion providers should be prepared to receive training to administer well-validated measures of psychopathology and should consider that female adolescents, compared with males, regardless of pubertal development, may be at greater risk for post-concussion anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"2385-2394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}