Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Different Diet Models on Oocyte Quality, Oocyte Maturation and in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Mice","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/72-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/72-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74227984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Serum Level of DHEAS as a Hormone and IL-6 as a Proinflammatory Cytokine May Better Indicate Metabolic Syndrome in PCOS Women","authors":"Z. Guleken, H. Bulut, P. Y. Bahat, S. Yılmaz, Devrim Sarıbal","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/71-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/71-02","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in reproductive-age women, indeed multifactorial condition. Cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-6 have influence on several metabolic activities. The increase in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is thought to play an important role in IL-6-mediated pathogenetic effects in PCOS women. The aim of this study is to explore whether TNF-alpha and IL-6 are correlated hormone levels in PCOS disease. We recruited 65 PCOS patients and 45 healthy controls. The serum IL-6, TNF-alpha, levels were measured by ELISA and clinical characteristics were measured. Both serum IL-6, TNF-alpha levels (p<0.01), or the serum TSH, FSH, LH, PRL levels were significantly higher in the patients of PCOS (p<0.01). Serum IL-6 levels were correlated with DHEAS level (r=-0.4186, p<0.01). DHEAS level tended to be higher in PCOS women with a correlation between age, BMI, IL-6 level and positively correlated with FSH, LH and PRL levels (p<0.01). There was an elevation of TSH level in the PCOS group (2.4±1.5) vs. control group (1.8±1.6). However, in control samples, there was no correlation between TNF alpha and IL-6, while in the PCOS samples positive correlation, was obtained. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was higher than the control (20.38±13.2) group vs. PCOS women (128.33±33.8) but only 3.44 % of them had Type II diabetes. HOMA-IR index was higher in the PCOS group (8.26±15.06) vs. control group (2.12±0.88) too. There was a correlation between age and IL-6 level and BMI. Serum IL-6 and DHEAS levels were significantly altered in PCOS patients and determined which might be PCOS prognostic importance.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79217540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agglutination Enhancing Effect of Semen on Pre-Treated Erythrocyte Rhesus D Agglutinogen in Human","authors":"Sabo, A. Mohammed, Nanyak Zingfa, Y. Bara, Paul Philemon","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/71-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/71-01","url":null,"abstract":"Human semen serves as fluids medium in which sperm cells are dispersed and swim within. Semen contains about 90% water along with proteins that include Immunoglobulin-A (I g A), Haptoglobin, fructose sugar, other dissolved substances and electrolyte. Apart from preserving the sperm cells, semen may carry certain immunological feature as part of its protective functions. From a male partner in coital activity, semen’s cellular component and proteins deposited into the vagina do not antigenically qualify as ‘self’. This is a study to determine a possible agglutination resistant effect of semen on various types of ABO and Rhesus blood group members or agglutination enhancing effect of the same ABO and Rhesus group members.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76214802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice and Associated Factors Towards Post-Operative Pain Management Among Nurses Working at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019","authors":"Jalale Benti, Feyissa Lemessa, Hikma Shukre","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/69-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/69-03","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Patients’ recovery after surgery is one of the most important health processes in hospital healthcare. Effective pain management requires precise knowledge; attitude and competent assessment skills on practice. There is limited evidence on nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice of post-operative pain management (POPM) in Ethiopia. The present study aimed to assess Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Nurses Regarding POPM at St. Paul’s Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Objective : To assess factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice on postoperative pain management practice among nurses at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional survey will be used. Study Area: St. Paul referral hospital. Source population: All surgical and operation room (OR) nurses of St. Paul’s hospital. Study Period is from April- July 2019. Result: The result of this study shows that generally nurses are knowledgeable in POPM. The result reveals that 23(14%) of surgical nurses have in adequate knowledge and 146 (86 %) have adequate knowledge regarding POPM. in attitude study nurses showed negative attitude towards the questioners they were given. Nurses tend to have poor practice regarding POPM according to this study. Conclusion: The results also show that the nurses have negative attitudes regarding patients experiencing pain and the use of placebo. The study found that the practices of nurses related to POPM pain are at low level. As the nurses are the most important parts in the multidisciplinary approach in pain management, their knowledge and attitude make a big difference on practice POPM. So, there is a need for regular in-service education on pop management according to the recommendation of standard.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78062515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Health Education on Mothers’ Adherence to Childhood Immunisation Schedule at Dunkwa-On-Offin in the Upper Denkyira East Municipality of Ghana","authors":"Sylvia Ahinee Adjedu","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/70-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/70-01","url":null,"abstract":"Immunisation is one of the most essential and cost-effective public health interventions for the prevention of childhood sicknesses and disabilities and a basic need for all children. The aim of this research study was to assess the impact of health education on mother adherence to childhood immunisation schedule a study at Dunkwa-On-Offin in the Upper Denkyira East Municipality of Ghana. This research used was a cross-sectional study and engaged purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The sample size for the study was 70 consisting of mothers and caregivers with children under 24 months and structured interview were the research instrument. From the study findings, all the respondents 70 (100%) stated yes health education provided by health workers has influenced them to adhere to childhood immunisation schedule and 66 (94.2%) respondents said yes they had completed or still running children’s immunisation schedule and 2 (2.9%) respondents said to they could not achieve it. The study concluded that health education on mother adherence to childhood immunisation schedule has positively impacted on high mother adherence to childhood immunisation schedule and recommended that Reproductive and Child Health/Family Planning staff should embark on routine education campaigns.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84929512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Exercise on Oxidant and Antioxidant Systems in Rat Kidney Tissue with Hyperthyroidism","authors":"Hilal Üstündağ, Serap Yıldırım, E. Şentürk, E. Aliyev, A. Yildirim","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/70-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/70-05","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased oxidative tissue damage. The aim of this study is to investigate whether if there is any protective effect of a regular endurance exercise on oxidative stress in kidney tissues of rats with experimental hyperthyroidism. Twenty-three male Spraque Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control, hyperthyroid, exercise and, hyperthyroid with exercise. Hyperthyroid was induced in rats by subcutaneous injections at a dosage of 250 μg L-thyroxine per kg body weight and hyperthyroidism was confirmed by the measurements of TSH, FT3 and FT4 in serum. Endurance training lasted 8 weeks and consisted of 45 minutes daily treadmill running at a speed of 23 m/minute for 5 days a week. The levels of MDA, GSH and, GSH-Px activity were measured in kidney homogenates. MDA level of the hyperthyroid group was significantly higher than those of the control group(p=0.022). On the other hand, the MDA level of the exercise group was significantly lower than the MDA level of the hyperthyroid group (p=0,001). GSH level and GSH-Px activities were lower in the hyperthyroid group comparing the control group (p<0.05). GSH level and GSH-Px activity in the exercise group were higher than compared with the hyperthyroid group (p<0.05). The results of our study show that L-thyroxine injection may increase oxidative stress by causing lipid peroxidation at kidney tissues and endurance training may decrease oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74191614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Determinants of Episiotomy: Cross Sectional Survey","authors":"Bisrat Tamene","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/69-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/69-02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Episiotomy is one of the most common procedures in obstetrics; defined as perineum enlargement incision during the second stage of labor to increase the diameter of vaginal outlet to facilitate baby birth. Restrictive episiotomy involves performing an episiotomy only when there is an indication. The 2018 WHO episiotomy policy recommend to avoid routine or liberal use of episiotomy for women undergoing spontaneous vaginal birth. However, high prevalence of episiotomy are reported in developing countries and there is limited assessments in the study area. Methods: Cross sectional study design was employed to assess the prevalence and determinants of episiotomy in St.Paul’s Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study included all vaginal deliveries from JulyJune2016 in the hospital. Medical charts for 344 deliveries in the selected period were reviewed for analysis. Systematic sampling was followed to employ study participants. Data were cleaned and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 for Windows. Means, Percentages and Ratios were be calculated and cross tabulation used to compare different variables and subjected to Chi-square analysis to assess various relationships with a significance level of P < 0.05. Result: A total of 344 women who had a vaginal delivery were included in the study. The age of the women ranges from 18-40 years, with the mean age of 25.53 (SD± 4.601) years. The prevalence of episiotomy was 41.9%. Binary logistics analysis showed statistically significance relationship between practice of episiotomy with parity (P<0.001) and place of ANC follow up (P=0.019), with duration of second stage of labour (P=0.001) and weight of the new born (P<0.001). Conclusion: The study indicated high prevalence of episiotomy practice compared to the WHO recommended restrictive practice. Guidelines and evaluation of the practice has to be in place to improve the safe practice of episiotomy in the institution. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/69-02 Publication date:March 31 202","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89740815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Husbands’ Knowledge of Obstetric Danger Signs, and Level of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness and Associated Factors in Wara Jarso, North Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019","authors":"Girma Teferi Mengistu, Sena Balina Kitila, Mesfin Beharu Deme","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/69-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/69-05","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Most women have uneventful pregnancies and childbirth. Birth preparedness and complication readiness prevents these problems. Globally, 830 women die every day from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Ethiopia is one of developing country with 412 maternal mortality rate. However different intervention was made still mothers preparation for birth is low while the husbands are decision makers and control resources. The aim of the study was to assess husbands’ knowledge of obstetric danger signs, level of birth preparedness and complication readiness and associated factors in Wara Jarso, Ethiopia. Methods : Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Wara Jarso from April 8 to 28 2019. The study participants were interviewed using simple random sampling and data were coded, cleaned and entered to Epidata version 3.1, exported to SPSS 23. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify association of independent variables with husbands’ level of birth preparedness and complication readiness at p<0.05, 95%CI. The results were presented using descriptive, tables and diagrams. Result: The data were collected from 593 participants, and 574 were completed the interview giving the response rate of 96.8%. The mean age of respondents was 36.5±7.8 years. Knowledge of obstetric danger signs of the respondents was 32.06% while level of birth preparedness and complication readiness was 22.30%. 4.478), p=.018), living in urban (AOR = 5.550 (95%CI 2.211, 13.933), p=.001) escorting their wives to health institution (AOR = 2.217(95%CI 1.095, 4.487), p=.027) accept buying material and clothes for baby before delivery (AOR = 3.599 (95%CI 1.995, 6.490), p=.001) and knowledgeable about obstetric danger sign (AOR = 4.957 (95%CI 2.726, 9.016), p=.001) were variables associated with husbands’ birth preparedness and complication readiness. Conclusion and recommendation : The husbands’ knowledge of obstetric dangers signs and their level of preparation was low. Occupation, residence, escort wife, accepting buying materials and knowledge were variables associated with preparation. Therefore, district health office, policy makers, planners, and HEW have to work on awareness creation about obstetric danger signs and how to increase level of preparation among husbands.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77551183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving ART in Dilla University Referral Hospital, Dilla, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Mahlet Birhane, Eskindir Loha, F. Alemayehu","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/70-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/70-02","url":null,"abstract":"Without appropriate intervention, HIV/AIDS and Malnutrition are interconnected and can worsen health situation of individuals in a vicious cycle. In Sub Saharan African countries including Ethiopia, the problem of HIV/AIDS, poverty and malnutrition are among the top development concerns. However, little have been studied about nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART drugs. Thus, in this study we did assess nutritional status of adults living with HIV/AIDS receiving ART in Dilla University Referral Hospital, Gedio zone, Southern Ethiopia. Institutional-based cross-sectional study was used from March to May 2015 on 389 PLWHA adults taking ART drug at the hospital. Study participants were randomly selected among all adult ART clients at the Hospital. Data collection was done using: face-to-face interview using structured and pretested questionnaire, secondary data from the record in the hospital and Anthropometric measurement. Data analysis was done using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. There was 100% response rate and majority (about 60%) of the study participants were female where as 25% of them had chronic energy deficiency with (BMI<18.5kg/m²). Among key factors that predict nutritional status of the study participants were: Clinical stage of HVI/AIDS infection, wealth status, presence of care giver, dietary diversity, food security status and CD4 cell count were significantly associated with under nutrition. In addition to clinical factors, food insecurity and low dietary diversity status were found as important risk factor associated with malnutrition. We concluded that, since only ART can’t solve problem of malnutrition, attention needs to be given to improve income, food security, feeding habits and dietary diversity of PLWHA.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81068653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Vitamin B-12 Deficiency with use of metformin in diabetic patients.","authors":"DR. Muhammad Zohaib Sadiq","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/68-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/68-06","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type II diabetes mellitus using metformin. Methodology: Ninety two patients were involved after getting informed consent. This cross – sectional study was done at department of Medicine, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. HbA1c, body mass index and blood pressure and deficiency for vitamin B12 was assessed by using electro-chem-iluminescence immunoassay method. B12 levels were categorized as normal (>220pg/ml), possibly deficient (150 to 220 pg/ml) and definitely deficient (<150pg/ml). Neuropathy was assessed and was classified by using Toronto clinical scoring system by the researcher himself. All the data was subjected to statistical analysis using computer software SPSS version 23. Continuous variables were analyzed by their mean and standard deviation while quantitative variables were analyzed by frequency and percentages. Chi square test was applied and P value less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Mean Serum B-12 levels were 378.42±161.27 pg/ml and 488.90±147.02 pg/ml in metformin and non-metformin groups, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). The patients who were possibly deficient and definitely deficient were 15 (28.30%) and 5 (9.43%) in metformin group and were significantly more (p=0.006) than non-metformin group i.e. 4 (10.26%) and 0. The mean Toronto Neuropathy Score was statistically different (p<0.001) between metformin group (6.03±1.73) and non-metformin group (4.13±1.75). The patients who had mild neuropathy and moderate neuropathy were 23 (43.39%) and 5 (9.43%) in metformin group, while 6 (15.38%) and 2 (5.13%) in non-metformin group. Statistically, both the groups were significantly different (p=0.005). Conclusion: At the end of this study conclusion can be made that metformin use for type II diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency and worsening of already susceptible neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83928757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}