V. Madhu Babu, Deekshith G. Kalali, Harita Seekala, P. Sudharshan Phani, K. Bhanu Sankara Rao, Koteswararao V. Rajulapati
{"title":"Understanding the mechanical properties of two-phase nanocrystalline AlCrFeMoNbNi high-entropy alloy evaluated by nanoindentation","authors":"V. Madhu Babu, Deekshith G. Kalali, Harita Seekala, P. Sudharshan Phani, K. Bhanu Sankara Rao, Koteswararao V. Rajulapati","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01382-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01382-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanocrystalline two-phase AlCrFeMoNbNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was produced using mechanical alloying (MA) and high-pressure torsion (HPT), with an average grain size of 10 ± 2 nm. Nanoindentation testing was performed to measure the hardness from which the strengthening contributions via various mechanisms such as strain hardening, solid solution strengthening, frictional stress and grain boundary strengthening are assessed. A Hall–Petch coefficient of 0.135 MPa <span>(sqrt{text{m}})</span> is estimated from this analysis, which is much lower than that for comparable alloys. A very low activation volume, for plastic deformation, of 3.4 b<sup>3</sup> was measured from strain rate dependent nanoindentation testing, which is indicative of grain boundary mediated plastic deformation. Furthermore, the estimated activation energy of 171 kJ/mol measured from nanoindentation testing, is comparable to that for grain boundary diffusion in Cantor alloy. These experimental results provide insights on the deformation response of nanocrystalline two-phase AlCrFeMoNbNi HEA at an extremely fine grain size of around 10 nm.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Ilham Maulana, Adi Noer Syahid, Bunga Rani Elvira, Aprilia Erryani, Yudi Nugraha Thaha, Fendy Rokhmanto, Manami Mori, Kenta Yamanaka, Akhmad Ardian Korda, Ika Kartika, Albertus Deny Heri Setyawan
{"title":"Effect of boron microalloying on the microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of as-cast biomedical Co–Cr–W–Ni-based alloys","authors":"Muhammad Ilham Maulana, Adi Noer Syahid, Bunga Rani Elvira, Aprilia Erryani, Yudi Nugraha Thaha, Fendy Rokhmanto, Manami Mori, Kenta Yamanaka, Akhmad Ardian Korda, Ika Kartika, Albertus Deny Heri Setyawan","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01384-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01384-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Co–Cr–W–Ni–Mn–B alloys, potentially applicable for implant materials, with boron contents of 0, 0.01, and 0.05 wt% were prepared by arc melting in an argon atmosphere. The influence of B content on the as-cast microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties was investigated. The as-cast state revealed dendritic structure, with the length of dendritic arm-spacing decreasing with increasing boron contents. The addition of boron led to the emergence of M<sub>5</sub>B<sub>3</sub>-type precipitates at the interdendritic boundaries within the matrix, which consisted of the γ and ε phases. The alloy with 0.01 wt% B exhibited increased ultimate-tensile-strength and plastic elongation of 17% and 36% higher than those of the boron-free alloy, respectively. The corrosion rate of the Co–Cr–W–Ni–Mn alloy in Hanks’ solution has dropped drastically by 850% with a minor B addition of 0.05 wt%. The improved mechanical and corrosion properties were attributed to the refined dendritic structure and formation of boride (M<sub>5</sub>B<sub>3</sub>-type) precipitates.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revisiting the structures and energies of β-SiC $$leftlangle {001} rightrangle$$ symmetric tilt grain boundaries","authors":"Liang Wang, Lei Zhang, Wenshan Yu","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01375-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01375-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Structures and energetics of grain boundaries (GBs) can significantly modulate various properties of polycrystals. Previous studies focus on the ground-state GB structures of <i>β</i>-SiC while the metastable states are poorly understood. Herein, atomistic simulations are employed to generate metastable structures for a series of <span>(leftlangle {001} rightrangle)</span> symmetric tilt GBs in <i>β</i>-SiC. Structural units (SUs) based on the edge dislocation core structures are defined to characterize the GB structures. All GB structures can be divided into four types according to their different constituent SUs. Various distributions, orderings and combinations of SUs can generate multiple metastable structures with different GB energies. Furthermore, our calculations of low-angle GB energies agree well with the theoretical predictions based on the continuum elasticity theory. Our findings not only enhance the fundamental understanding of the (meta)stable grain boundary energetics and structural characteristics but also have significant implications for micro-structure design and grain boundary engineering in polycrystalline SiC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative investigation on the development of porous-structured Akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) via ball milling, sol–gel, and combination (hybrid) process for orthopedic applications","authors":"M. Girija, T. Sampath Kumar","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01378-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01378-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biomedical material advancements have resulted in an increasing demand for innovative and high-performance Akermanite (AKT-Ca<sub>2</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) ceramics developed for a diverse range of uses. This study conducts a comparative analysis and development of porous AKT structures, employing three distinct synthesis methods: ball milling, sol–gel, and a combining both processes. The objective is to evaluate the microstructural properties, porosity levels, mechanical strength, and bioactivity of the AKT. XRD study confirms the phase purity at 1300 °C, and FT-IR identified the respective functional groups present in the material composition. SEM analysis revealed the porous structure (~ 3–6 μm) of AKT samples, which had a uniform distribution. The results suggest that the combination process enhances the structural and functional properties of Akermanite. Biomineralization study reveals that hydroxyapatite formation was attained after 21 days. The achieved compressive strength is 193 ± 5 MPa. The outcome of the antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> test strains suggests that viable material for orthopedic applications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristen L. Scotti, Peter W. Voorhees, David C. Dunand
{"title":"Lamellar structures in directionally solidified naphthalene suspensions","authors":"Kristen L. Scotti, Peter W. Voorhees, David C. Dunand","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01381-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01381-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate naphthalene as a suspending fluid for freeze-casting applications, sterically stabilized suspensions of copper microparticles suspended in liquid naphthalene are directionally solidified in a Bridgman furnace. Colonies of nearly particle-free naphthalene lamellae, interspersed with particle-enriched interlamellar regions, are predominantly aligned in the direction of the imposed thermal gradient. As furnace translation velocities decrease from 80 to 6.5 μm s<sup>−1</sup>, the thickness of naphthalene lamellae increases. For the lowest velocity, a transition to a lensing microstructure (with naphthalene bands aligned perpendicular to the solidification direction) is observed in central regions of samples. For all velocities, the naphthalene lamellae show (i) secondary dendritic arms on one of their sides and (ii) are thinnest within core regions relative to peripheral regions (closest to the crucible walls). Together, these observations suggest the presence of buoyancy-driven convection during solidification.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molten flux growth of single crystals of quasi-1D hexagonal chalcogenide BaTiS3","authors":"Huandong Chen, Shantanu Singh, Hongyan Mei, Guodong Ren, Boyang Zhao, Mythili Surendran, Yan-Ting Wang, Rohan Mishra, Mikhail A. Kats, Jayakanth Ravichandran","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01379-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01379-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>BaTiS<sub>3</sub>, a quasi-1D complex chalcogenide, has gathered considerable scientific and technological interest due to its giant optical anisotropy and electronic phase transitions. However, the synthesis of high-quality BaTiS<sub>3</sub> crystals, particularly those featuring crystal sizes of millimeters or larger, remains a challenge. Here, we investigate the growth of BaTiS<sub>3</sub> crystals utilizing a molten salt flux of either potassium iodide, or a mixture of barium chloride and barium iodide. The crystals obtained through this method exhibit a substantial increase in volume compared to those synthesized via the chemical vapor transport method, while preserving their intrinsic optical and electronic properties. Our flux growth method provides a promising route toward the production of high-quality, large-scale single crystals of BaTiS<sub>3</sub>, which will greatly facilitate advanced characterizations of BaTiS<sub>3</sub> and its practical applications that require large crystal dimensions. Additionally, our approach offers an alternative synthetic route for other emerging complex chalcogenides.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristic investigation of carbon/ceramic-based functionally graded multilayered composite materials","authors":"Arunkumar Thirugnanasamabandam, Ramasamy Nallamuthu","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01376-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01376-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research article focused on 3D-printed multilayered polymer composite materials, with a particular emphasis on ceramic and carbon polymer composite materials. To evaluate the mechanical performance of a multilayered composite structure, ceramic polymer composite (CPC) materials were used layer by layer with carbon-reinforced polymer composite (CRPC) layers. Tensile, compression, flexural, and differential scanning calorimetry tests were carried out on 3D-printed CPC, CRPC, and Functionally Graded Multilayered Material (FGMLM) composite structures. The results indicated that FGMLM laminates exhibited increases of 12.4%, 6.4%, and 9.8% in tensile, flexural, and compressive strength, respectively, compared with CRPC laminates; these experimental values were validated by finite element analysis. Further, fractography analysis of the FGMLM was carried out using scanning electron microscopy to provide insights into the structural characteristics. It was indicated that strong interfacial bonding was found between the laminated carbon and ceramic layers.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghaleb Saleh Ghaleb Al-Duhni, Veeru Jaiswal, Mudit Khasgiwala, John L. Volakis, Markondeya Raj Pulugurtha
{"title":"Cu–CoNiFe multilayered stack for low- and intermediate-frequency magnetic shielding","authors":"Ghaleb Saleh Ghaleb Al-Duhni, Veeru Jaiswal, Mudit Khasgiwala, John L. Volakis, Markondeya Raj Pulugurtha","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01377-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01377-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding has been a fundamental challenge because of the low wave impedances with monolithic metallic shields at low frequencies. Multilayered structures are considered an alternative to traditional monolithic shielding materials. This paper investigates such multilayered conductors of cobalt–nickel–iron alloy (CoNiFe) and copper (Cu) to illustrate their superiority over conventional monolithic shields. Modeling, simulations, and measurements demonstrate improved shielding when multilayered stacks are used against magnetic field sources. Furthermore, the stack-ups have excellent shielding even with a thickness of 5 µm. At least 40 dB of additional shielding effectiveness is achieved across 30–1000 MHz as compared to single-layer shielding from monolithic Cu of the same thickness. These innovative stack-ups also exhibit superior shielding when compared to multilayered stacks and shielding materials in literature. Additionally, these stack-ups are fabricated using standard substrate processes such as electroplating. Consequently, this approach becomes commercially viable and applicable to future electronic systems.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On suppression of chip segmentation during cutting of Ti–6Al–4V alloy through control of texture rather than ductility","authors":"Karthik Palaniappan, H. Murthy, Balkrishna C. Rao","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01371-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01371-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the crystallographic texture is of paramount importance for the suppression of segmentation in chips with refined microstructure in Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Segmentation is pronounced at all cutting speeds thereby hindering grain refinement in chips. This study illustrates that the crystallographic texture, not ductility, controls the segmentation in chips. The initial workpiece texture is modified by cold-rolling to 30% and 40% thickness reduction prior to cutting. The microstructure of chips revealed a gradual transformation of morphology from segmented to continuous. The suppression of chip segmentation stems from the texture of the workpiece. Texture studies of workpieces have revealed that the sheets exhibited a strong transverse texture which gradually becomes weak during cold-rolling. The weak transverse texture rather than ductility, obtained from the tensile experiments, is responsible for the continuous shear in chips.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of nitrogen and oxygen co-doping on α to β phase transition in tungsten","authors":"Ananya Chattaraj, Aloke Kanjilal, Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01362-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01362-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>β-W is a potential candidate for spintronic devices, but its formation is a challenge as it is metastable and is stabilized by O doping. Here, using ab initio calculations, we study N doping in W and find it to favor octahedral interstitial sites in α-W but tetrahedral interstitial sites in β-W. The solution energy of N in both α- and β-W is endothermic that makes a transition from α to β-W difficult. However, calculations on interaction of N and N<sub>2</sub> on small clusters of W for reactive deposition of W films show that N<sub>2</sub> dissociates on W clusters leading to the incorporation of N in the W film. Further ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on N and O co-doping in α- and β-W show that the β phase becomes energetically favorable over α-W making it possible to form β-W with low O doping and its applications in devices.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}