{"title":"Physics-guided Deep Learning for Branch Current Distribution System State Estimation","authors":"Y. Raghuvamsi, Sreenadh Batchu, Kiran Teeparthi","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069733","url":null,"abstract":"In distribution system state estimation (DSSE), the physics-based approach such as the weighted least squares (WLS) technique suffers from convergence issues, whereas the problem with conventional deep learning (DL) models is the lack of generalizability. To address these aspects, this paper proposes a physics-guided deep learning (PGDL) framework, which incorporates the power system physical laws into the deep learning models for DSSE. The proposed approach has two stages. The first stage leverages the DL models to understand the relation between the measurement data and system states, while the second stage involves physics-guided equations to decode the measurement data from the estimated states. Further, a loss function incorporating the estimated states and estimated measurements is derived to guide the learning process of the considered deep learning model. The required database for DL models is generated by carrying out power flow studies on a modified IEEE 37-node unbalanced distribution test system. Various deep learning models such as multi-layer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and hybrid CNN-MLP are implemented in the proposed PGDL framework for DSSE and their performance metrics are evaluated and compared under different scenarios. The results show that the PGDL approaches achieve better performance compared with their conventional DL models and the basic WLS algorithm.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122939259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaishali Tayal, Hemant Kumar Meena, R. Bhakar, Chandra Prakash Barala
{"title":"Blockchain Enabled Smart Metering Solutions: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Vaishali Tayal, Hemant Kumar Meena, R. Bhakar, Chandra Prakash Barala","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069901","url":null,"abstract":"The applications of smart energy meters have been increasing in power systems, such as real-time monitoring, remote control, online billing, theft detection, energy trading, energy forecasting, and demand response by using the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT based smart metering system is centralized in nature, which has data security and privacy issues. Since blockchain is secured, authentic, confidential, and data integrity properties, hence blockchain enabled smart metering is an effective solution. This paper reviews a broad understanding of blockchain enabled smart metering systems and opportunities in various segments. This paper highlights the shortcomings in smart metering systems, which effectively address the privacy and security gaps, discusses blockchain-based energy trading and the existing pilot project of blockchain technology in India.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128511877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. C. D. Goud, P. Chandra Babu, M. Prameela, K. Rayudu, V. C. Duvvury, P. Yemula
{"title":"Enhancing the Share of Solar PV Energy in BVRIT Campus Distribution Grid using Campus Energy Monitoring System (CEMS)","authors":"P. C. D. Goud, P. Chandra Babu, M. Prameela, K. Rayudu, V. C. Duvvury, P. Yemula","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069180","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of energy consumed has a very substantial impact on the price of the products in industries, it effects the operation cost. As a result, the reduction of energy consumption has risen to the top priority in all places like industries and commercial application. Hence energy balance and sharing of available energy between the loads are key points to reduce the electricity bill. In this paper, a practical case study considered at BVRIT campus. It includes power availability in campus, solar peak, morning and night load peak, total demand peak, energy balance analysis are presented. Multi function meters with RS-485 communication and Raspberry pi are used for data collection in the real time. Data related to solar power generation, utilisation, peak load timings, excess power available times and power consumed from the main grid were measured and collected, will assist consumer to maintain cost effective system. Based on the analysis, it is found that for the month of March 2022, BVRIT campus has sourced 38.8% of its energy requirement from renewable energy which is a significant achievement for an academic campus in India.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128125087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Internal Fault Analysis of Salient Pole Synchronous Machine Using Modified Winding Function Approach","authors":"Teja Bathala, Ranjeet Kumar","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10068874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10068874","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common faults that affect the life span and operation of a Salient Pole Synchronous Machine (SPSM) is internal faults. Internal faults are incipient faults in electrical machines which do not affect the operation of machine in initial stage, however slowly they develop into severe faults. An internal fault can damage machine completely in worst case scenario. As a result, internal fault study of SPSM is required to analyze current signatures under fault. In this paper, mathematical modelling of 4-pole SPSM is carried out under stator inter turn fault and various eccentricity fault conditions using Modified Winding Function Approach (MWFA). Current signatures under fault conditions are analyzed using power spectral density analysis. From the obtained fault current signatures, the defective state of SPSM can be identified by continuous monitoring of frequency spectrum of machine currents.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126765837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy Storage Sizing for Enhancing Microgrid Resiliency using Virtual Inertia Emulation","authors":"K. Sharma, R. Bhimasingu","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069703","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an approach to estimate the required size of Energy Storage System (ESS) to emulate virtual inertia for a low inertia microgrid. The Distributed Energy Resources (DER) based microgrid system consists of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV), Wind Farm (WF) and Synchronous Machine (SM) based Diesel power generation unit feeding local loads. ESS based Virtual Synchronous Generator(VSG) considered in microgrid is operating in grid supporting mode [6] synchronised using PLL. ESS-VSG unit is utilised for compensating the lack of inertia in Power Electronics interfaced distributed generation boosting the resiliency of microgrid in unison with SM. The virtual inertia injection is achieved using swing equation based Virtual Synchronous Generator algorithm. The severe most contingency in addition with appropriate value of Virtual Inertia Hvsg and Damping Dvsg is selected to determine the ESS capacity for inertia injection such that overall frequency transient and steady state response is enhanced. ESS capacity is estimated considering ESS-VSG unit is only responsible for inertial and primary frequency response during the time of disturbances and does not participate in load sharing during steady state operation.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124448583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Suryakiran, Ashu Verma, Sohrab Nizami, Sukumar Mishra
{"title":"A Bi-level Electric Vehicle Scheduling Strategy in Parking Lots for Peak Load Management","authors":"B. Suryakiran, Ashu Verma, Sohrab Nizami, Sukumar Mishra","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069787","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in demand at the distribution level due to the advent of Electric Vehicles (EVs) could pose serious grid problems. One of the significant challenges is the requirement of network augmentation and generation required to cater to peak load. In this context, we present two-stage optimal management of the EV fleet in a distribution system aimed at reducing the peak load while maximizing the EV accommodation. A Demand Response (DR) based optimization problem is solved for calculating the EV Charging Stations (EVCS) power schedules, with the objective of peak load reduction in the first level. It considers the Critical Peak included Real Time Pricing (CP-RTP) strategy for Peak Load Reduction (PLR). Following this, we solve another optimization model to maximize the EV accommodation for the power schedules calculated in the first stage. The proposed two-stage EV management strategy is tested on an IEEE 33 bus radial balanced system for various EV penetration levels for validity and scalability. A comparative analysis of proposed EV scheduling framework is carried out to demonstrate the value proposition in contrast to hourly day ahead EV scheduling.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121915372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Active Power Management to Prevent Reverse Power Flow and ITOAGI-PLL Control to Enhance Power Quality in SyRG DG-PV Standalone System","authors":"Subhadip Chakraborty, Gaurav Modi, Bhim Singh","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069124","url":null,"abstract":"An active power management strategy for preventing reverse power flows and DC link overshoots/undershoots for a diesel engine driven synchronous reluctance generator (SyRG) and solar photovoltaic array (SPVA) based standalone system is presented in this paper. The SPVA is controlled via a conditional derated perturb and observe (CDP&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The load is categorized into emergency and auxiliary loads. The DC link voltage is maintained constant, and the system remains operational and feeds power to the loads in extreme conditions. To enhance the power quality of the standalone system in presence of nonlinear loads, this paper also presents an improved third order adaptive generalized integrator (ITOAGI) with a phase-locked loop (PLL) based control algorithm. The control makes the system adaptive to the frequency of the DG voltages during sudden frequency due to changes in loading conditions. The control utilizes the voltage source converter (VSC) of the SPVA to compensate for the unbalanced and harmonic current components to maintain the SyRG DG set currents linear and distortion-free as per the IEEE std. 519. The system Simulink model is used to simulate the performance of the standalone system in steady-state and various dynamic conditions during day and night time.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123230818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementing GOOSE Communication to Increase the Reliability of Non-Unit Protection Functions","authors":"Abhishek Kalita","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069807","url":null,"abstract":"Modern IEDs follow the IEC 61850 standards. Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) is a useful feature which greatly reduces the usage of hard wiring in a grid substation. Designing complicated logic has become easier with GOOSE implementation which otherwise required numerous wires and contact multiplier relays. GOOSE messaging system is extensively used in modern substation for incorporation of switchyard equipment statuses. However, use of GOOSE messaging system in power system protection schemes is limited or avoided at times due to vulnerability of the Ethernet network at site. This paper is a study of components of IEC 61850: Semantic Hierarchical Object Data model and Publish – Subscribe services in modern IEDs which promote inter-operability and forms the basis of GOOSE communication. A protection scheme is designed where GOOSE messages are used as supporting elements for increasing the reliability and selectivity of non-unit protection schemes.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126470468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amit Gupta, P. Sekhar, M. Degefa, Klemets Jonatan R. A., Salvatore D'Arco
{"title":"Synchronization Controller for Seamless Interconnection of Mirogrids with Heterogeneous Sources","authors":"Amit Gupta, P. Sekhar, M. Degefa, Klemets Jonatan R. A., Salvatore D'Arco","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069869","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrids are becoming inevitable establishments in modern power systems, may be to address energy needs in remote locations or to improve resiliency or for any other reason in the smart grid scenario. Over the time, during different operating scenarios, these microgrids need to be interconnected with another microgrid or with the main grid which is a challenging task. In this connection, this paper investigates the necessity of following the synchronization protocol and the flexibility one can have when interconnecting different microgrids with inverter and rotating machine based systems, as well as homogeneous and heterogeneous sources. In addition, a simple controller is proposed to have seamless, quick and stable interconnections when the microgrids consist of rotating machines.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120953973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Substation Spacing in 2x25kV Traction System","authors":"Nisha Gupta, Archita Vijayvargia, A. Abhyankar","doi":"10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069563","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a simple approach to determine optimal substation spacing in a 2x25kV traction power supply system (TPSS). Economy, being one of the significant design parameters of TPSS, is affected by the number of traction substations (TSS) or distance between them. Hence, this paper highlights the influence of total cost incurred in TPSS due to energy losses and component installation on substation spacing. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique and analytical approach are used to determine the optimal spacing between substations. Individual components of the 2x25kV TPSS are modelled to perform load flow analysis using a current injection algorithm. A Python code is developed to simulate load flow and determine optimal substation spacing. Results obtained with the proposed approach align effectively with the objective of determining the optimal spacing between substations with minimized TPSS costs.","PeriodicalId":162808,"journal":{"name":"2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC)","volume":"66 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114961995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}