People, Place and Policy Online最新文献_第8页

Estimating the Impacts of Area Regeneration Programmes in Scotland on Health and Unemployment: a quasi-experimental approach 估计苏格兰地区再生方案对健康和失业的影响:一种准实验方法

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.3351/PPP.2019.6525249543

D. Archibald, Zhiqiang Feng, E. Graham

{"title":"Estimating the Impacts of Area Regeneration Programmes in Scotland on Health and Unemployment: a quasi-experimental approach","authors":"D. Archibald, Zhiqiang Feng, E. Graham","doi":"10.3351/PPP.2019.6525249543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3351/PPP.2019.6525249543","url":null,"abstract":"The last three decades have seen significant investment in area-based initiatives in the UK to regenerate areas experiencing multiple disadvantage. However, there is a dearth of robust evidence on the impacts that area regeneration has on residents’ lives. This is particularly so in the case of the Scottish Area Regeneration Partnership (SARP) Programmes initiated in the mid-1990s, the original evaluation of which was beset by a lack of baseline data and poor data collection through the life of the programmes. This study investigated if residents who lived in SARP areas had improved health and employment outcomes compared to individuals living in similarly disadvantaged areas that had not been subject to regeneration over a ten-year period (1991-2001). A quasi experiment was undertaken using data from the Scottish Longitudinal Study. Propensity score matching was used to identify comparator areas and a Difference in Differences analysis was conducted to investigate the impacts of the SARP programmes for three outcomes: limiting long-term illness, hospital admissions and unemployment. No positive (or negative) programme impact was found on any of the outcomes assessed. Thus, residents in SARP areas over the study period did not see their health and employment prospects improve compared with residents in similarly disadvantaged non-regeneration comparator areas.","PeriodicalId":162475,"journal":{"name":"People, Place and Policy Online","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129474582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

PPP Special Issue Editorial: Part 2 PPP特刊社论:第二部分

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/ppp.2019.5558367997

Ellena Bennett, Jill Dickinson, William Eadson

引用次数: 0

No Stump City: The Contestation and Politics of Urban Street-Trees – A Case Study of Sheffield 没有树桩的城市:城市街道树木的争论与政治——以谢菲尔德为例

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/PPP.2019.8283649746

I. Rotherham, M. Flinders

{"title":"No Stump City: The Contestation and Politics of Urban Street-Trees – A Case Study of Sheffield","authors":"I. Rotherham, M. Flinders","doi":"10.3351/PPP.2019.8283649746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3351/PPP.2019.8283649746","url":null,"abstract":"Issues of sustainable development, liveable cities, green infrastructure, and urban ecosystem services currently receive attention from researchers and decision-makers. Furthermore, the benefits to public wellbeing and health of high quality open spaces and green areas are now undisputed (e.g. Simson, 2008; Booth, 2005, 2006). However, with increasing pressure on urban landscapes for competing uses like housing-development green-spaces are under threat. Furthermore, austerity-driven cuts to local authority budgets mean loss of core services and skills relating to open-space management and planning. Some local authorities such as Newcastle City Council are withdrawing all expenditure on parks and community spaces. With major challenges in providing good quality urban green-spaces, the loss of most local authority countryside management services from 2008 onwards, reflects bigger problems (see Rotherham, 2014, 2015 for example). Within this wider scenario Public Private Partnerships (PPP) deliver core environmental and green-space in many urban areas. These have been seen as possible fixes for the current of austerity cuts and local Sheffield City Council down this route. real costs (financial and of Private Finance Initiatives (PFIs) 2018). There are also issues of public access to information once contracts ‘commercially sensitive’ and of profit -driven delive ry of core ‘public benefit’ services. These changes threaten ‘local environmental democracy’ as part of a wider shift in democratic processes (Flinders, 2012, 2017). This paper examines wider issues of austerity-driven cuts to green-space services, of PFI projects, and of local environmental democracy. It takes the Sheffield street-trees initiative as an exemplar case-study to interrogate the broad concerns.","PeriodicalId":162475,"journal":{"name":"People, Place and Policy Online","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127812796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Urban greenspace quandaries: Can systems thinking offer any solutions? 城市绿地困境:系统思考能提供解决方案吗?

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/ppp.2019.9668987673

Jill Dickinson, Paul Wyton

{"title":"Urban greenspace quandaries: Can systems thinking offer any solutions?","authors":"Jill Dickinson, Paul Wyton","doi":"10.3351/ppp.2019.9668987673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3351/ppp.2019.9668987673","url":null,"abstract":"Public urban greenspace provides myriad benefits, including health and wellbeing, \u0000'community cohesion… and local economic growth' (House of Commons, 2017: 3). As \u0000other 'Third Place' (Oldenburg, 1989) types, including leisure centres (Conn, 2015), \u0000have closed, greenspace's popularity continues to increase (Heritage Lottery Fund, \u00002014). \u0000Yet, public sector funding cuts (Stuckler et al, 2017) have forced local authority \u0000prioritisation of statutory services (Dickinson and Marson, 2017). Resulting reliance on \u0000the voluntary sector is leading to geographical inequalities in greenspace provision \u0000(Molin and van den Bosch, 2014). This shift in policy-focus and funding-allocation, and \u0000consequent community-responsibilisation for greenspace 'place-keeping' (Mathers et \u0000al, 2015: 126) means that neglected greenspaces face a 'vicious circle of decline' \u0000(House of Commons, 2017: 31) and could lead to the production of 'contested spaces' \u0000(Barker et al, 2017: i). \u0000Whilst the systemic notion of boundary critique (Churchman, 1970; Ulrich, 1996) \u0000has been applied within other contexts, this case study seeks to contribute to the \u0000literature by applying boundary critique as a methodology for developing a more holistic \u0000understanding of greenspace management, and offering solutions to the quandaries \u0000faced.","PeriodicalId":162475,"journal":{"name":"People, Place and Policy Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127853832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Practice paper - Renaming and reclaiming space. A new town centre vision within a renamed Park 练习纸张-重命名和回收空间。重新命名的公园内的新城镇中心远景

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/ppp.2019.7788395473

K. Smith

引用次数: 1

The haunted paddock: exploring the roots of an ambiguous urban green space 闹鬼的围场:探索模棱两可的城市绿色空间的根源

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/PPP.2019.6648358933

Luke Bennett

引用次数: 2

Book review - Understanding Youth in the Global Economic Crisis 书评-了解全球经济危机中的青年

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/PPP.2019.5759748794

Elizabeth Sanderson

引用次数: 0

Book review - Changing Contours of Work: Jobs and Opportunities in the New Economy 书评-改变工作的轮廓:新经济中的工作和机会

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/ppp.2019.9742566945

D. Fisher

引用次数: 0

Book review - Soft Spaces in Europe: Re-negotiating Governance, Boundaries and Borders 书评:《欧洲的软空间:重新谈判治理、边界和边界》

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/ppp.2019.2727638372

Matthew Wargeant

引用次数: 0

The underutilized role of community gardens in improving cities’ adaptation to climate change: a review 社区花园在改善城市适应气候变化中的未充分利用作用:综述

People, Place and Policy Online Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.3351/PPP.2019.3396732665

Mysha Clarke, M. Davidson, Monika H. Egerer, Elsa C. Anderson, Nakisha Fouch

{"title":"The underutilized role of community gardens in improving cities’ adaptation to climate change: a review","authors":"Mysha Clarke, M. Davidson, Monika H. Egerer, Elsa C. Anderson, Nakisha Fouch","doi":"10.3351/PPP.2019.3396732665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3351/PPP.2019.3396732665","url":null,"abstract":"Green infrastructure is a salient approach to address climate change adaptation in cities. However, some green infrastructure like community gardens are rarely incorporated in resilience and adaptation plans. In this paper, we argue that community gardens should be a prioritized element of green infrastructure to improve adaptation to climate change. Community gardens can reduce urban heat islands, provide various ecosystem services, and increase storm water retention. From a socioeconomic perspective, these gardens also build trust, facilitate participation, improve responses to natural disasters and food security – all vital components of effective adaptation and resilience to climate change. Yet, our qualitative analysis of 18 policy documents for Baltimore, Chicago, and New York City, U.S.A, found that green infrastructure to improve climate change adaptation prioritizes rain gardens, bioswales, and green roofs, but seldom acknowledge the role of community gardens. Furthermore, community gardens historically emerged in these cities to respond to stressors like economic, social, and political instability. Therefore, policies that address climate change should explicitly incorporate community gardens.","PeriodicalId":162475,"journal":{"name":"People, Place and Policy Online","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126713257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17