Management & Economics Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Trade Balance, Exchange Rate and Money Supply in Nigeria: Growth Implications and Lesson for African Countries","authors":"Kunle Bankole Osinusi, N. Lawal, S. Bisiriyu","doi":"10.48100/merj.2022.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48100/merj.2022.213","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of trade in the development of nations made this study examine the impact of trade balance, exchange rate, and money supply on economic growth with reference to Nigeria's economy and to serve a lesson for other African countries. The study relies on the Mundell-Fleming BOP model for its framework with the use of secondary time-series data extracted from the statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria from 1981 to 2020. The ARDL cointegration of the least square was adopted and the result showed a long-term relationship among trade balance, exchange rate, broad money supply, interest rate, inflation rate, and economic growth in Nigeria. Our study thus concludes that the oil trade balance is the fundamental driver of Nigeria's economic growth and appropriately, we suggested that to ensure economic growth in Nigeria and other African countries; the government should strategize on policies to develop trade in the non-oil sector; also the monetary authorities should design frameworks towards making money supply growth enhancer, and stabilization of the exchange rate for domestic countries to gain more from trade by intensifying the flux of credit to the real and exporting sector towards setting the economies on the track of expansion.","PeriodicalId":162032,"journal":{"name":"Management & Economics Research Journal","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122412964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household Effective Demand for Electricity in Ghana: Analysis and Implication for Tariffs","authors":"Jonathan D. Quartey, Wisdom D. Ametorwotia, P. Laari","doi":"10.48100/merj.2022.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48100/merj.2022.192","url":null,"abstract":"Outcomes of most developing country projects to secure inclusive growth through electricity provision appear to hinge on available information regarding households’ response to electricity. To provide the needed information for policy, this study assessed the determinants of household electricity demand and estimated the mean willingness to pay for electricity by households in Ghana. The study used a Contingent Valuation modelling procedure involving over 3000 households, to derive an effective demand function for electricity in Ghana. This was done through a national household survey. A mathematical programming analytical procedure was employed, to fully account for the block pricing tariff system used in Ghana. The study found that Ghanaian households are willing to pay a monthly mean electricity tariff of 50.40 Ghana cedis (US$11.56), which is lower than the average monthly tariff of 73.67 Ghana cedis (US$16.90) paid by households. Thus, the average tariff paid by households monthly is 46% higher than the mean willingness to pay. The study also found that the highest impact determinants of demand for electricity in Ghana were affordability of tariffs, usage of electrical appliances, and availability of electricity respectively. This study employs a mathematical programming procedure to determine the mean willingness to pay for electricity in Ghana. This procedure is theoretically more robust than the often-used differential calculus approach since it incorporates the block pricing of electricity in Ghana, which the calculus approach ignores. Also, it uses the largest and most inclusive known sample, specifically designed to elicit households’ willingness to pay for electricity in Ghana. The study is also unique in its findings.","PeriodicalId":162032,"journal":{"name":"Management & Economics Research Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122843181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information and Communications Technology and the Level of Income in Africa","authors":"M. Biala, Yusuf Toyin Yusuf","doi":"10.48100/merj.2022.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48100/merj.2022.189","url":null,"abstract":"The use of electronic equipment for storing, analysing, distributing or communicating information—popularly known as information and communications technology (ICT)—has been identified as a factor that drives income, economic growth and development. Because of this, several studies have been carried out to ascertain the effects of ICT on economic growth. However, such studies failed to examine whether real per capita income influences the effect of ICT on income level and whether the effect of ICT on income level differs among regions of African countries. This study, therefore, investigated the effect of ICT on income level. Specifically, it examined whether real per capita income influences the effect of ICT on income level and whether the effect of ICT on income level differs among the sub-regions of African countries. Thus, empirical models were estimated using the panel regression analysis with fixed-effect and random-effect estimators. The results show that ICT proxied by Fixed Telephone Subscription, Mobile Cellular Subscription, Internet Users, Fixed Broadband Subscriptions affected income level in African countries except for Fixed Telephone Subscription and that real income per capita influenced the effect of mobile cellular subscription and internet usage on income level in Africa sub-regions. Furthermore, the study found that the effect of ICT on the level of income differed among African regions and that the effect was larger in Eastern, Southern and Northern African countries than the Middle and Western African countries. Therefore, authorities concerned should consider investment in ICT as a tool or mechanism for enhancing the level of income.","PeriodicalId":162032,"journal":{"name":"Management & Economics Research Journal","volume":"79 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113935395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Psychopathy and Narcissism on Employees’ Adverse Outcomes: A Perspective of Ethical Climate Theory and Threatened-Egotism Model","authors":"M. Chughtai, Humaira Akram, Tabassum Razzaq, A. Rasheed, Rabia Shah","doi":"10.48100/merj.2022.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48100/merj.2022.190","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of psychopathic and narcissist personalities on employees' adverse outcomes. Additionally, this study investigates the intervening mechanism of workplace incivility among the relationship of psychopathic and narcissist personalities and adverse outcomes. Furthermore, the interactive impact of Islamic work values was also tested between the association of workplace incivility and adverse outcomes. Using the purposive sampling technique, data was collected through a survey method from 404 permanent employees of a public sector organization in two different time-lags. PROCESS-macro was used to test indirect, interactive, and moderated mediation effects. The findings of this study confirm the direct effect relationship between that psychopathic and narcissist personalities and employees’ adverse outcomes. Further, this study confirms that workplace incivility indirectly enhances the adverse outcomes of employees. Finally, the study findings revealed that a higher level of Islamic work values reduces the adverse outcomes of the employees having psychopathic and narcissist personality characteristics. We also tested moderated mediation model, which disclosed that a higher level of Islamic work values reduces the negativity level of psychopathic personalities that further decrease the level of counterproductive work behaviors via workplace incivility. However, there was no moderating role of Islamic work values to reduce narcissist personalities' negativity level and reduce counterproductive work behaviors via workplace incivility. The present study by providing information to the management of the public sector organizations on how they can overcome the negative behaviors and outcomes of their workforce through the implementation of the Islamic ethical system. This attempt contributed to ethical climate theory and threatened the egotism model by explaining that negative personality traits predict uncivil behaviors, which further lead to adverse outcomes. This study further contributes that the ethical climate of the organization helps the individuals to overcome the negativity of the personality and negative behaviors as well.","PeriodicalId":162032,"journal":{"name":"Management & Economics Research Journal","volume":"316 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134033927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}