{"title":"Comparison of Deepfakes Detection Techniques","authors":"Sonia Salman, J. Shamsi","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136659","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of fake audio and video is a challenging problem. Deepfake is popularly used for creating fake audio and video content using deep learning. Deepfakes, artificially created audiovisual interpretations can be used to degrade the reputation of a renowned person, hate-speech, or affect public belief. The development of novel methods for identifying various deep fake video types has received a significant amount of research throughout the years. In this research, we present a thorough comparative analysis of current state-of-the-art deepfake detection methods. The primary goal of our research is to identify the factors that contribute to the performance degradation of deepfake detection models currently being used when tested against a comprehensive dataset.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116778745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Iqbal, Sehrish Shahnawaz, Uzair Khaleeq uz Zaman, Yasmeen Mohsen Mohamed Ali Elsabagh, Y. Ayaz, Muhammad Jawad Khan
{"title":"Solar Panels Efficiency Improvement Through Orientation Monitoring by Non Contact Method using TMR Sensor","authors":"Saeed Iqbal, Sehrish Shahnawaz, Uzair Khaleeq uz Zaman, Yasmeen Mohsen Mohamed Ali Elsabagh, Y. Ayaz, Muhammad Jawad Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136650","url":null,"abstract":"The need for renewable resources has become cru-cial as a result of the escalating rate of energy consumption, the finite supply of fossil fuels, and the growing problem of pollution. Solar energy, in particular, has gained significant traction among renewable resources due to the abundant solar potential present around the world. This paper presents a novel technique of position monitoring and solar tracking of a PV panel with the help of non-contact Tunnel Magneto Resistance (TMR) sensor. Sun tracking of the Solar PV system enhances the energy production and in case of Solar thermal applications like parabolic trough and dishes it is essential. The tracking of sun and system orientation uses different types of sensors and actuators. The sensor size, precision, cost, and the gathered information from the sensor is import. In this research Tunnel Magneto Resisters (TMRs) sensor is used to determine the PV system one axis orientation. The training data sets are created through tests at a curved surface with different measured radial distances. The validation results showed the Bx, By Bz axis error values as 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 percent maximum in the position measurement.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126716284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Ali, Faisal Mehmood, Fahad Iqbal Khawaja, Y. Ayaz, Muhammad Sajid, M. B. Sial, Muhammad Faiq Malik, Kashif Javed
{"title":"Human Robot Interaction: Identifying Resembling Emotions Using Dynamic Body Gestures of Robot","authors":"Sara Ali, Faisal Mehmood, Fahad Iqbal Khawaja, Y. Ayaz, Muhammad Sajid, M. B. Sial, Muhammad Faiq Malik, Kashif Javed","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136649","url":null,"abstract":"Natural social interaction between a human and robot requires perception ability of robot for complex social behaviors and in turn displaying the learnt emotional behavior during interaction. The emotions expressed with body language are one of the key parameters during Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). This research focuses on extending the concept of affective non-verbal human-robot interaction using full body gestures for closely resembling emotion in absence of intricate facial expressions. The movements of head, torso, legs, and arms are used to link body movements and gestures of a bi-pedal humanoid robot with 28 closely resembling emotions. Variation of speed, frequency, and joint angles of the robot are the key features used for expressing a specific emotion. This research uses Russell's circumplex model to define 8 primary emotional categories which are further grouped into closely associated emotions resembling each other. 33 participants were involved in experimentation to authenticate different emotions using body gestures of robot. Each participant performed 28 trials in which emotions were displayed at random to recognize the state of robot. The results showed an average accuracy of 79.69%. The study authenticates that perceived emotions are highly dependent on body movements, postures, and selected features. This design model can therefore be used for even conveying the closely resembling emotions.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127499882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ML and DL Classifications of Route Conditions Using Accelerometers and Gyroscope Sensors","authors":"Ibrahim Khan, Zahid Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136666","url":null,"abstract":"The Modern Era has undergone vast transformations in terms of automation in a wide array of industrial applications. The Artificial Intelligence platform has revolutionized our daily lives with the advent of Intelligent systems. The usefulness of AI in Road Mapping and Route Classification is demonstrated in our study where an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) is proposed which enables monitoring and classification of road conditions by implementing Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms on data recorded by cellular accelerometer, gyroscope, and GPS sensors. Field Data was recorded in two different scenarios on different vehicles. The route mapping was performed by plotting latitude and longitudes on Google Earth. The labelling of different classes of road was done manually with correlation done via video camera recording. Road Terrain was classified into Bumps. Potholes, Rough and Smooth Roads. Six classical Supervised Machine Learning models (K Neighbors Classifier, Decision Tree Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, Support Vector Classifier, Gaussian Naive Bayes Model and Logistic Regression Model) were implemented. Furthermore, Ensembler classifier was used on all six classifiers. The selection of an Optimum Classification Model is done via Soft Voting Algorithm. Finally, K-Fold cross validation was performed to determine the accuracy of our trained model.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128284182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nayyer Aafaq, Mehran Saleem, Jahanzeb Tariq Khan, I. Abbasi
{"title":"Convolutional Neural Networks for Deep Spoken Keyword Spotting","authors":"Nayyer Aafaq, Mehran Saleem, Jahanzeb Tariq Khan, I. Abbasi","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136648","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase in biometric security applications, mobile and telephonic communication monitoring and digital assistants, the practical applications of Keyword Spotting (KWS) have increased many folds. The use of Artificial Intelligence in the domain of Keyword Spotting has greatly enhanced its accuracy. In this work, after doing analysis of various feature extraction and Deep Learning techniques, KWS is done both in non-streaming mode and streaming mode. The features of the speech are extracted using Mel-Spectograms and Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs). Out of three broad categories of Deep Neural networks, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model has been implemented for Keyword Spotting as it out-performs Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) due to their lesser complexity and low computational cost. These techniques were used with Google Speech Commands Dataset, provided by Google, online as well as offline.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127653345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Farasat Abbas, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, M. Numan, H. Khalid
{"title":"Machine Learning based Fault Classification using Stray Flux and Stator Current in Induction Motor","authors":"Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Farasat Abbas, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, M. Numan, H. Khalid","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136678","url":null,"abstract":"Induction motors have wide range of applications in many industrial processes. Fault detection and classification is an important subject for the sake of safe and reliable operation of induction motors. In this work, ANSYS Maxwell-based simulations are performed for four different loading conditions (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of the induction motor to obtain the stator current and stray flux data under normal and faulty conditions (BRB1, BRB2, BRB3, FPP, and SE). A deep neural network (DNN) machine learning (ML) algorithm is then proposed and compared with support vector machine (SVM) and random forest classifiers (RFC) for the detection and classification of various faults in induction motors using stray flux and stator current. The proposed deep neural network algorithm has shown better accuracy for stray flux compared with SVM and RFC on 100% loading conditions, however, it could not perform well on stator current. The results indicate that the overall performance of all machine learning algorithms is less efficient for stator current than that of stray flux.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131382804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asif Iqbal, Muhammad Arslan Rauf, Muhammad Zubair, Tanveer Younis
{"title":"An Efficient Ensemble approach for Fake Reviews Detection","authors":"Asif Iqbal, Muhammad Arslan Rauf, Muhammad Zubair, Tanveer Younis","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136652","url":null,"abstract":"People prefer to buy items and services online to save time in the current age of growing e-commerce. these internet purchases are heavily impacted by the reviews or opinions of people who have already purchased them. customers provide comments to businesses on how to improve product quality, develop, and monitor business strategies in order to boost sales and profits. customers may also use these comments to choose the proper items with less effort and time spent. giving fake review is the practice of fraudulent people who wants to promote or degrade products or services for illegitimate monetary gain. in this research paper, we present an ensemble machine-learning model to identify whether a review is fraudulent or authentic. to achieve this objective, amazon reviews dataset is used. the proposed ensemble model outperformed as compared to other individual classifiers. random forest provides 99% accuracy which is better than other algorithms.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115969162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saqlain Hussain Shah, M. S. Saeed, Shah Nawaz, M. Yousaf
{"title":"Speaker Recognition in Realistic Scenario Using Multimodal Data","authors":"Saqlain Hussain Shah, M. S. Saeed, Shah Nawaz, M. Yousaf","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136626","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, an association is established between faces and voices of celebrities leveraging large scale audio-visual information from YouTube. The availability of large scale audio-visual datasets is instrumental in developing speaker recognition methods based on standard Convolutional Neural Networks. Thus, the aim of this paper is to leverage large scale audio-visual information to improve speaker recognition task. To achieve this task, we proposed a two-branch network to learn joint representations of faces and voices in a multimodal system. Afterwards, features are extracted from the two-branch network to train a classifier for speaker recognition. We evaluated our proposed framework on a large scale audio-visual dataset named VoxCelebl. Our results show that addition of facial information improved the performance of speaker recognition. Moreover, our results indicate that there is an overlap between face and voice.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123612176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syed Khurram Jah Rizvi, Khawaja Faisal Javed, Muhammad Moazam
{"title":"CAS - Attention based ISO/IEC 15408–2 Compliant Continuous Audit System for Insider Threat Detection","authors":"Syed Khurram Jah Rizvi, Khawaja Faisal Javed, Muhammad Moazam","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136657","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprises are facing information security threats to intranet-based infrastructure and allied systems from external as well as insider cyber actors. A lot of research has been done to identify the evil insiders and prevent their malicious acts. Moreover, there are many others challenges such as limited availability of real labeled data, variations in organizational nature and emerging zero-day attempts from insiders. Therefore, new approaches are essentially required to combat Information Security (IS) non-complaint behavior and emerging insider cyber threats. To this end, we proposed a novel information security auditing-based system for insider threat detection. Unlike traditional audit approaches, this novel approach is based on continuous auditing system. The approach also fulfills the requirements of with ISO/IEC 15408–2 auditing standard. Moreover, system also proposed deep attention neural network to classify the trusted and untrusted users based on the generated activity logs. We evaluated CAS on the defacto dataset for insider threat detection i.e., CERT. 6.2. Evaluation results show that the proposed model learns from real-world data sets to detect IS non-complaint actions to classify the untrusted insider. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of more than 97% and outpaced traditional machine learning approaches.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Sadique, Muhammad Suleman Khan, S. Anwar, Mehran Ahmad
{"title":"Machine Learning based human recognition via robust Features from audio signals","authors":"U. Sadique, Muhammad Suleman Khan, S. Anwar, Mehran Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAI58407.2023.10136683","url":null,"abstract":"Biometric verification techniques are commissioned throughout the world in different applications. Human voice recognition is one of the biometric techniques. This technique consists of identifying a human from their voice characteristic. This popular and beneficial biometric technique could be employed for identity human, security purposes, and many different applications. Human audio signal recognition consists of two phases i.e., Features Extraction and Classification. The proposed work consists of extracting features through the Mel Frequency Cepstral-Coefficient (MFCC) from the human audio signal, selecting robust features through Principal Component Analysis PCA, and classifying the selected features by comparing seven Machine Learning and proposed deep learning algorithms. Finally, compare the performance of different algorithms with different percentages of selected features to evaluate the acceptance rate of the correlated features. Support Vector Machine SVM shows the best performance with an Accuracy of 99.27% with F1-score and ROC values of 1.00. In the comparison with other methods, the Random Forest and CNN-ANN are 2ndtop robust models with an accuracy of 98.7%. Some of the algorithm's accuracy decreased with fewer features, including Naïve Bayes accuracy suddenly decreases to 60% on 20% of total features. The experiment concludes the acceptance rate of correlated features in different ML and DL algorithms are different in speech processing data.","PeriodicalId":161809,"journal":{"name":"2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129792326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}