{"title":"FIRST RECORD OF OREOCHROMIS MACROCHIR (BOULENGER, 1912) (PISCES:CICHLIDAE) FROM THE LIMPOPO RIVER IN SOUTHERN AFRICA.","authors":"C. J. Kleynhans, A. Hoffman","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631328","url":null,"abstract":"Summary During 1973/74, Barbus poechii, Oreochromis macrochir, O. andersonii, Serranochromis angusticeps, S. codringtonii, S. robustus and S. thumbergi from the Okavango System were introduced into the Shashe Dam (Limpopo System, Botswana). These species are alien to the Limpopo System. A fish survey during September 1991 disclosed the presence of two specimens of the greenhead tilapia O. macrochir in a large natural pool in the Limpopo River 7 tan downstream from the Shashe/Limpopo confluence. In August 1992 another specimen was caught in this pool. It is surmised that the likely origin of these specimens is the Shashe Dam. There is a possibility that the greenhead tilapia may interbreed with the indigenous Mocambique tilapia O. mossambicus. Consequently the genetic integrity of O. mossambicus in the Limpopo River may become suspect. If the other alien species introduced into the Shashe Dam reach the Limpopo River, O. andersonii may also interbreed with O. mossambicus while the Serranochromis spp. could ...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134410973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SOME ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF THE FRESHWATER CRAB (POTAMONAUTES PERLATUS MILNE EDWARDS) IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE BUFFALO RIVER, EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA.","authors":"M. Hill, J. O’Keeffe","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631323","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Freshwater crabs (Potamonautes perlatus) are the largest naturally occurring invertebrates in southern African rivers. The ecology of these animals in South African riverine ecosystems is little understood. This study investigates some aspects of the population and feeding ecology of P. perlatus in the upper reaches of the Buffalo River. The densities of crabs (carapace width larger than 25 mm) at two sites in the river ranged between 1.72 and 5.25 crabs m2, higher than previously recorded for freshwater crabs in rivers in southern Africa and southern Italy. Twenty-four hour observations revealed that P. perlatus has a nocturnal habit. The diet of P. perlatus was established by examination of the contents of the fore-gut. Crabs with a carapace width smaller than 40 mm fed predominantly on aquatic invertebrates while larger crabs fed on allochthanous material (leaf litter), detritus and algae. Through feeding, crabs reduced the surface area of leaves in the stream by 99.95%.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"607 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132858412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS OF A NUMBER OF WORKSHOPS HELD AT THE JULY 1992 CONFERENCE IN CAPE TOWN","authors":"B. Allanson","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A CHARACTERIZATION OF SOUTHERN AFRICAN ESTUARINE SYSTEMS","authors":"A. Whitfield","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631327","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Modifications to the structure and functioning of southern African estuarine systems can be placed into two major categories; those changes that have been driven by global forces such as climatic and sea-level fluctuations, and those that have resulted from direct human interference and are of a local or regional nature. Both the above categories will determine the rate and magnitude of physiographic and hydrodynamic changes within southern African estuaries, and therefore have a major impact on the characterization of individual systems in the future. Although the fluctuating nature of southern African estuaries (on both a spatial and a temporal scale) makes it difficult to place individual systems in distinctive categories, a classification system is possible if the dominant conditions in a particular estuary are assessed. Using a combination of physiographic, hydrographic and salinity features, five types of systems are recognised in this review, viz. permanently open estuaries, temporarily ope...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129197531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluvial sediment yield to the Natal coast: a review.","authors":"S. McCormick, A. Cooper, T. R. Mason","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631326","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Sediment yield is the quantitative expression of soil eroded from the hinterland and deposited in the ocean. This paper reviews existing literature available on sediment yields, particularly for the Natal coast, South Africa. Several authors have attempted to quantify the sediment yield from Natal rivers. Their results are compared and variations are discussed. Data collection methods are highly variable and many authors fail to consider all the factors involved. Further research on this problem is recommended and this must consider sediment yield on several time scales to represent the temporal range of environmental conditions prevailing in Natal.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128137524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NEW DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR CLARIAS THEODORAE WEBER 1897, BARBUS EUTAENIA BOULENGER 1904, BARBUS POLYLEPIS BOULENGER 1907 AND OPSARIDIUM ZAMBEZENSE (PETERS 1852) FROM THE WATERBERG, TRANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA.","authors":"C. J. Kleynhans, A. Hoffman","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631329","url":null,"abstract":"Summary New distribution records for four fish species in the Waterberg mountains of the Transvaal were established during surveys since 1987–92. Clarias theodorae was previously reported from one locality each in the Waterberg and Soutpansberg. The current survey disclosed its presence at an additional 11 localities. In the Transvaal Opsaridium zambezense was previously only known from the eastern parts of the Province. The current survey revealed its presence at one locality in the Waterberg. Clarias theodorae and Opsaridium zambezense are regarded as threatened in South Africa. Barbus eutaenia (two populations in the Waterberg) and B. polylepis (one population in the Waterberg) have relatively wide distributions in the Transvaal but their presence in the Waterberg represent comparatively unique, isolated populations. All four species were only found in relatively small numbers. Droughts during the nineteen eighties, and a concurrent increase in farm weir construction and water abstraction, jeopardise t...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115438073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASPECTS OF COMPARATIVE PLANKTON ECOLOGY IN CASCADING MGENI RIVER RESERVOIRS (MIDMAR, ALBERT FALLS, AND NAGLE): AN OVERVIEW","authors":"R. C. Hart","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631322","url":null,"abstract":"Summary An overview of a three year study of abundance, community structure and succession of zooplankton and phytoplankton in relation to physical limnological conditions in Lakes Midmar and Albert Falls is presented, along with findings on zooplankton from a nine month study of Lake Nagle. Physical stability increased between Midmar (mean summer N2 = 6.55 × 104 s2) and Albert Falls (N2 = 8.70 × 104 s2), in line with elevations in water temperature. Phytoplankton richness and diversity was similar in these reservoirs, although zooplankton species richness increased downstream. Abundance levels of both phyto- and zoo-plankton were broadly comparable in these two reservoirs. In Midmar and Albert Falls, overall mean (± SD) chlorophyll levels were 3.60 ± 1.54 and 3.41 ± 1.41 μg 11, with corresponding overall average zooplankton standing stocks of 0.85 and 0.76 g m2 dry mass, dropping to 0.54 g m2 in Nagle (for which spring to midsummer data are missing). Ruderal and colonist phytoplankters were persistently ...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FLUX OF INORGANIC NUTRIENTS AND PARTICULATE CARBON BETWEEN A SPARTINA MARITIMA SALT MARSH AND THE SWARTKOPS ESTUARY, EASTERN CAPE","authors":"D. Baird, P. Winter","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1992.9631325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1992.9631325","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The flux of dissolved inorganic nutrients (NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, SRP) and suspended particulates (particulate organic carbon POC, and particulate inorganic carbon PIC) was measured across the mouth of a small creek draining a portion of the intertidal Spartina salt marsh in the Swartkops estuary. Direct measurements of constituent concentration, the volume of water flowing into and out of the creek basin at discrete time intervals, and tidal height were made over full spring tide cycles on a two-weekly basis during a 12 month study period. Results show that the marsh acts as a sink for NH4-N, NO2-N, and NO3-N on an annual basis, but exports soluble reactive phosphate to the contiguous estuarine waters. The marsh also imports nominal amounts of suspended POC and PIC ( 1.5 mm) on ebb tides to the estuary. It is concluded that the marsh retains and utilizes most of its own production and functions virtually as an independent ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132120638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND FACTORS AFFECTING THE DISTRIBUTION OF MACROBENTHIC FAUNA IN SALDANHA BAY","authors":"L. Jackson, S. McGibbon","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1991.9631316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1991.9631316","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The most recent trends in the economic development of Saldanha Bay are towards the tourist and mariculture industries, both of which are dependent on a high quality of water. Yet this water quality is now under threat. In this study, the extent of human induced changes to the characteristics of the water body are assessed in terms of their effects on the macrobenthic communities of the bay. Such effects are evaluated on the basis of changes in biomass, community structure and species composition using data from recent surveys as well as a limited quantity of historical data. Whilst gross effects are essentially confined to an area adjacent to the major fish factory outfall, the data do suggest a broader impact. There are substantial differences between the communities of ‘Big Bay’ and ‘Small Bay’, with an apparent increase in deposit feeding species and decline in suspension feeders in the latter. These changes are attributed to the organic loading from the fish factories and mariculture industrie...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"49 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114039949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DEEP SEA, ESTUARINE AND FRESHWATER FISHES: LIFE HISTORY STRATEGIES AND ECOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES","authors":"S. Blaber","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1991.9631308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1991.9631308","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The life histories of fishes from three different ecosystems are compared and discussed with emphasis on species that move between habitats: between estuary and sea in tropical northern Australia; between bottom waters and pelagic waters of the temperate continental slope off Tasmania; and between river and pans in a tropical African floodplain. The advantages and disadvantages of such movements are discussed in relation to proximate factors such as cannibalism, and in an evolutionary context. The reality of divisions between habitats has to be critically examined; whereas some are pronounced, others may be generated mainly by the dimensions and limits of research projects. The lack of sufficient basic knowledge of the biology of most species, especially in the tropics and deep sea, and the continuing decline of support for basic research are an important constraint to the development of reliable models. It is stressed that further advances in understanding relationships and differences between ec...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128015331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}