Traktory i sel'hozmashiny最新文献

{"title":"Laboratory results of coupler for multilevel sowing of seeds and fertilization","authors":"E. Demchuk, U. Sabiev, V. Myalo, P. V. Chupin, V. S. Koval","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129821977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the offset of the angular scale to improve the control accuracy of the single-cylinder engine","authors":"P. V. Abramov","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-55-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-55-64","url":null,"abstract":"A significant reduction in the cost of controlling a single-cylinder engine with positive ignition for small-scale mechanization can be achieved by replacing material sensors with virtual ones. The information required for control can be extracted from the crankshaft speed. The reliability of the mixture composition estimate based on the intracycle variation of the crankshaft angular velocity depends on many factors, including the installation accuracy of the position sensor of the given shaft and the synchronization disk or other element for determining the angular position of the crankshaft in the selected reference system. The properties of a single-cylinder engine are revealed. These make it possible to significantly weaken the effect of the displacement of the angular scale on the accuracy of assessing the compo-sition of the mixture by the kinematic parameters of the engine operation, as well as to evaluate the displacement itself. The experiments were carried out on a general-purpose engine Honda iGX440 with a displace-ment of 0.44 liters, equipped with an experimental electronic control system for fuel injection, igni-tion and throttling. The hydraulic brake was used as the load. The displacement of the angular scale can be determined in various ways: by the deviation of the phase of the harmonic of the kinetic energy of the crank mechanism of any observed order at the extremum of the dependence of this phase on the ignition timing, all other things being equal; by the shift of the derivative with respect to the ignition timing of the specified dependency ; by the shift of the dependence of the difference of this phase and the ignition timing from the latter; by the deviation of the phase of the harmonics of the kinetic energy of the crank mechanism of higher or-ders at the ignition timing, leveling the effect of the displacement of the scale on the phase of the fundamental harmonic of the kinetic energy of the crank mechanism. Refinement of the position of the crankshaft by evaluating the displacement of the scale by the proposed methods will preserve the necessary accuracy of control of the ignition advance angle on single-cylinder engines while increasing the tolerance for the installation of elements for determining the angular position of the crankshaft.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128946189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temperature state of the engine warmed up in freezing conditions in cold climates","authors":"A. Kolunin, I. A. Bur’yan, O. V. Novikov","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-5-74-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-5-74-78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121410721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a torque sensor on the shafts of a wheeled tractor","authors":"V. V. Gerashchenko, V. P. Loubach, N. Kovalenko","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-4-37-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-4-37-42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122751094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of methods for improving the quality of hardened pipe and bar stock for agricultural machinery parts","authors":"V. Dement'yev, A. Zasypkin","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-52-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-52-60","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of obtaining a high-quality surface is acute in thermal, chemical-thermal and ther-momechanical processing of products of rolling production. But, due to the fact that many metallur-gical plants are insufficiently equipped with cleaning tools for these types of processing, the re-quired surface quality of metal products is not ensured. Operations related to the removal of defects in the surface of rolled products employ from 30 to 60% of the workers in rolling shops. The need for cleaning leads to a rupture of the production flow, since the metal must be pre-cooled for inspec-tion and cleaning of defects. As a result, the total cost of cleaning is 2 - 3 times higher than the cost of performing the main technological operations - heating and deformation of the metal. In this re-gard, the combined methods of hot rolling with simultaneous hardening and elimination of surface defects are of particular interest, which gives significant energy savings and excludes etching opera-tions in solutions of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. The paper considers new methods for stripping rolled stock before deformation in the high-temperature thermomechanical treatment (HTMT) mode of cylindrical hot-rolled solid and hollow billets with screw compression (SC) deformation, combining, along with a high-performance meth-od of shaping and strengthening of rolled products, environmentally friendly (acid-free) methods of surface cleaning, as well as methods of removing surface layer defects combined with mechanical processing. At the same time, simultaneously with cleaning the surface and increasing the accuracy of rolled products, the structure of the surface layer is formed by the mechanism of phase transfor-mations during thermomechanical processing. The type of fracture changes at low-temperature destruction from brittle to ductile. It should also be noted, that there is the need for further development of such well-proven clean-ing methods as blade and waterjet processing, which allow, when cleaning rolled products from any steel grades from scale, to implement the most reliable cleaning system, ensure effective removal of surface and deeper defects, increase yield, reduce energy consumption and fit well into the continu-ous rolling mill line. According to recent studies, waterjet treatment increases the fatigue life of hol-low cylindrical parts by up to 15%.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114192114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm for managing the operation modes of a machin and tractor unit","authors":"S. V. Kalachin","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-45-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-45-50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115374274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Batch corn thresher","authors":"V. Pogosyan","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-5-16-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-5-16-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131284201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical model of the movement of a tracked train for off-road container transportation","authors":"K. B. Yevseyev","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-18-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-18-29","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the indicators of the mobility properties of unmanned tracked trains and the formation of traffic control laws, it is advisable to use mathematical simulation. On the example of a tracked semitrailer train, a mathematical model is being developed. It consists of a large number of rigid bodies connected by kinematic and power connections; therefore, it is proposed to use software systems that make it possible to synthesize a system of equations for the dynamics of a tracked train in an automated mode. The article discusses general approaches to the formation of such systems of equations in modern software packages for automated analysis of the dynamics of body systems. There are given a structural diagram of the developed mathematical model of a tracked train and a description of its main structural elements (blocks), which are responsible for the operation of various systems: a power plant, transmission and running system. The features of the interaction of active sections of a caterpillar propeller with a low-deformable support base of the “dense soil” type are considered. On the example of the maneuver “turn with a given radius”, an imitation mathematical modeling of the movement of a caterpillar train was carried out, and on the basis of an analysis of the results obtained, the operability of the developed mathematical model was confirmed. The developed mathematical model of the movement of a tracked semitrailer train makes it possible to study its movement in space, taking into account the mutual influence of the tractor and the semitrailer, taking into account the interaction of the active sections of the tracked propeller with the support base and taking into account the modeling of the working processes of its systems. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the use of the method of computer modeling of the dynamics of body systems is an effective tool for predicting the performance indicators of tracked trains, determining the laws of traffic control, and also for assessing energy efficiency when per-forming virtual maneuvers. The developed mathematical model of the dynamics of a tracked train allows a wide range of studies to assess the mobility of tracked trains of various design and layout.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"896 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123259380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drift of mechanical characteristics of Common Rail fuel lines during operating time","authors":"V. O. Sveshchinskij","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-15-20","url":null,"abstract":" ïðîöåññå ýêñïëóàòàöèè ñòàëüíûõ òðóáîïðîâîäîâ ïðîèñõîäèò èçìåíåíèå, äðåéô, õàðàêòåðèñòèê ìàòåðèàëîâ, èç êîòîðûõ îíè èçãîòîâëåíû.  îáëàñòè òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ òðóáîïðîâîäîâ è òðóáîïðîâîäîâ íåôòåãàçîâîãî êîìïëåêñà ýòîìó âîïðîñó ïîñâÿùåíà îáøèðíàÿ ëèòåðàòóðà, âêëþ÷àþùàÿ êàê íàó÷íûå ïóáëèêàöèè, òàê è íîðìàòèâíûå ãîñóäàðñòâåííûå è îòðàñëåâûå äîêóìåíòû. Èçìåíåíèå õàðàêòåðèñòèê ìàòåðèàëà òîïëèâîïðîâîäîâ âûñîêîãî äàâëåíèÿ äâèãàòåëåé âíóòðåííåãî ñãîðàíèÿ íå ïðèâëåêàëî âíèìàíèÿ ñïåöèàëèñòîâ. Òîïëèâîïðîâîäû áûëè âàæíûì êîìïîíåíòîì äâèãàòåëåé, íî ïðè òîì óðîâíå äàâëåíèé âïðûñêà, ìàòåðèàëàõ è òåõíîëîãèÿõ, îïðåäåëÿþùèõ, â òîì ÷èñëå, ñòîèìîñòü êîìïîíåíòà â îáùåé ñòîèìîñòè äâèãàòåëÿ, îíè îñòàâàëèñü âíå çîíû îñîáîãî âíèìàíèÿ. Ðàçâèòèå â Ðîññèè ñîáñòâåííîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà ñèñòåì òèïà Common Rail äåëàåò íåîáõîäèìûì èçó÷åíèå ïîâåäåíèÿ äåòàëåé â óñëîâèÿõ äëèòåëüíîãî íàãðóæåíèÿ âíóòðåííèì ãèäðàâëè÷åñêèì äàâëåíèåì óðîâíÿ 1600 êã/ñì è âûøå. Äðåéô õàðàêòåðèñòèê ìàòåðèàëîâ òîïëèâîïðîâîäîâ âûñîêîãî äàâëåíèÿ ìîæåò èìåòü áîëüøîå çíà÷åíèå ñ òî÷êè çðåíèÿ íàäåæíîñòè òîïëèâíîé ñèñòåìû è äâèãàòåëÿ â öåëîì. Âïåðâûå ïðîâåäåíû èññëåäîâàíèÿ ìåõàíè÷åñêèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ñòàëüíûõ áåñøîâíûõ òðóá ïðè ðàçëè÷íîé íàðàáîòêå íà áåçìîòîðíîì ñòåíäå ïðè íàãðóæåíèè âíóòðåííèì ãèäðàâëè÷åñêèì äàâëåíèåì 1600 êã/ñì ñ ÷àñòîòîé ïóëüñàöèé 45–55 Ãö. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî ïðè íàðàáîòêå óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ òâåðäîñòü â ïîïåðå÷íûõ ñå÷åíèÿõ òîïëèâîïðîâîäîâ. Òàêæå óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ ñòàíäàðòíîå îòêëîíåíèå çíà÷åíèé òâåðäîñòè, òî åñòü ðàçáðîñ çíà÷åíèé. Õàðàêòåð èçìåíåíèÿ ïðåäåëà ïðî÷íîñòè è ïðåäåëà òåêó÷åñòè ïðè íàðàáîòêå ñâûøå 1100 ÷ òðåáóåò äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ èññëåäîâàíèé. Ñäåëàí âûâîä î íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïðîâåäåíèÿ èñïûòàíèé áîëüøåãî êîëè÷åñòâà îáðàçöîâ íà äâèãàòåëå äëÿ âûÿñíåíèÿ ïðåäåëüíûõ çíà÷åíèé ìåõàíè÷åñêèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê ìàòåðèàëà.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"59 20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117260460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the parameters of free and driving wheel rolling modes taking into account the asymmetry of the normal reaction diagram","authors":"M. Romanchenko","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-34-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-34-44","url":null,"abstract":"A method for determining the power and kinematic parameters of a tire and a wheel for free and driving modes of rolling is given. The displacement of the center of normal reactions of the road support surface was taken into account. The amount of displacement is presented as a linear func-tion of the longitudinal force coefficient. The analytical description of the dependence reflects the relationship between the longitudinal force coefficient and the asymmetry coefficient of the diagram of normal reactions of the bearing surface and determines the displacement of the center of normal reactions towards the front edge of the contact area of the tire. The calculated asymmetry of the epure of relative normal reactions can be obtained by choosing the appropriate value of the asymmetry coefficient in the range from 1 to 0. Based on a numerical example, a graphical-analytical display of the force and kinematic parame-ters of rolling of a wheel with a 15.5-R38 model F-2A tractor tire is presented when using the epure of relative normal reactions described by a parabolic dependence of the fourth degree. The longitu-dinal force coefficient is determined taking into account the formation of the resulting longitudinal reaction by two components - in the slip section and in the rest section of the tire contact pad ele-ments. It was found that the maximum value of the longitudinal force coefficient for an asymmetric epure of relative normal reactions is observed with a larger value of the wheel slip coefficient com-pared to a symmetric epure, but remains practically unchanged for both compared diagrams of rela-tive normal reactions. The presented method for determining the power and kinematic parameters, taking into account the asymmetry of the epure of normal reactions of the supporting surface, can find practical applica-tion in the selection and substantiation of rational modes of operation of wheel propellers of tractor transport and technological units in various road conditions.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115696509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}