Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Targeting Cancer Metabolism to Improve Outcomes with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Zainab Fatima,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Abonofal,&nbsp;Bettzy Stephen","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment paradigm of several cancers. However, not all patients respond to treatment. Tumor cells reprogram metabolic pathways to facilitate growth and proliferation. This shift in metabolic pathways creates fierce competition with immune cells for nutrients in the tumor microenvironment and generates by-products harmful for immune cell differentiation and growth. In this review, we discuss these metabolic alterations and the current therapeutic strategies to mitigate these alterations to metabolic pathways that can be used in combination with checkpoint blockade to offer a new path forward in cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 2","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/b7/i2590-017X-6-2-91.PMC10195018.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9848734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Therapeutic Advances in Pituitary Carcinoma.","authors":"Ian J Robertson,&nbsp;Timothy A Gregory,&nbsp;Steven G Waguespack,&nbsp;Marta Penas-Prado,&nbsp;Nazanin K Majd","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pituitary carcinoma (PC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy that comprises 0.1-0.2% of all pituitary tumors. PC is defined anatomically as a pituitary tumor that metastasizes outside the primary intrasellar location as noncontiguous lesions in the central nervous system or as metastases to other organs. Similar to pituitary adenoma, PC originates from various cell types of the pituitary gland and can be functioning or nonfunctioning, with the former constituting the majority of the cases. Compression of intricate skull-based structures, excessive hormonal secretion, impaired pituitary function from therapy, and systemic metastases lead to debilitating symptoms and a poor survival outcome in most cases. PC frequently recurs despite multimodality treatments, including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and biochemical and cytotoxic treatments. There is an unmet need to better understand the pathogenesis and molecular characterization of PC to improve therapeutic strategies. As our understanding of the role of signaling pathways in the tumorigenesis of and malignant transformation of PC evolves, efforts have focused on targeted therapy. In addition, recent advances in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat various solid cancers have led to an interest in exploring the role of immunotherapy for the treatment of aggressive refractory pituitary tumors. Here, we review our current understanding of the pathogenesis, molecular characterization, and treatment of PC. Particular attention is given to emerging treatment options, including targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 2","pages":"74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/f7/i2590-017X-6-2-74.PMC10195013.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10623392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcoidosis and Airway Disease After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Case Study and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Felipe Soto, Luis F Torre-Sada, Frank E Mott, Sang T Kim, Roza Nurieva, Vickie R Shannon, Saadia A Faiz, Roberto F Casal, Mehmet Altan, Julie Lin, Ajay Sheshadri","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-30","DOIUrl":"10.36401/JIPO-22-30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary toxicity from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is typically a severe and potentially fatal complication, but these observations are driven by the most common toxicity, pneumonitis. Rarer pulmonary immune related adverse events, like airway disease and sarcoidosis, may have a more benign course. In this case report, we present a patient in whom therapy with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab resulted in severe eosinophilic asthma and sarcoidosis. This is the first case showing that anti-IL-5 inhibition may be safe in patients who develop eosinophilic asthma after ICI therapy. We further show that sarcoidosis does not necessarily require treatment cessation. This case highlights relevant nuances when clinicians face pulmonary toxicities other than pneumonitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 2","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/d7/i2590-017X-6-2-111.PMC10195014.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10224914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Juan I Ruiz, Maria A Lopez-Olivo, Yimin Geng, Maria E Suarez-Almazor","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-24","DOIUrl":"10.36401/JIPO-22-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that might worsen the course of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022307545) to evaluate the clinical course and complications of COVID-19 in patients with cancer receiving ICI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched Medline and Embase through January 5, 2022. We included studies evaluating patients with cancer who received ICI and developed COVID-19. Outcomes included mortality, severe COVID-19, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital admissions, irAEs, and serious adverse events. We pooled data with random effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five studies met study eligibility (<i>n</i> = 36,532 patients: 15,497 had COVID-19 and 3220 received ICI). Most studies (71.4%) had a high risk of comparability bias. There were no significant differences in mortality (relative risk [RR] 1.29; 95% CI 0.62-2.69), ICU admission (RR 1.20; 95% CI 0.71-2.00), and hospital admission (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.79-1.06) when comparing patients treated with ICI with patients without cancer treatment. When pooling adjusted odds ratios (ORs), no statistically significant differences were observed in mortality (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.57-1.60), severe COVID-19 (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.45-2.46), or hospital admission (OR 2.02; 95% CI 0.96-4.27), when comparing patients treated with ICIs versus patients with cancer without ICI therapy. No significant differences were observed when comparing clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICIs versus patients receiving any of the other anticancer therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although current evidence is limited, COVID-19 clinical outcomes of patients with cancer receiving ICI therapy appear to be similar to those not receiving oncologic treatment or other cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 2","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/6e/i2590-017X-6-2-103.PMC10195019.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9848735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pertuzumab in Combination with Trastuzumab and Docetaxel in the Neoadjuvant Treatment for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.","authors":"Cláudia Vieira,&nbsp;Andreia Borges,&nbsp;Filipa F Pereira,&nbsp;Pedro Antunes,&nbsp;Patrícia Redondo,&nbsp;Luís Antunes,&nbsp;José M Lopes,&nbsp;Francisco R Gonçalves,&nbsp;Marina Borges,&nbsp;Maria J Bento","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to assess safety and effectiveness of pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel in the neoadjuvant treatment (NeoT) of HER2-positive breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two consecutive retrospective cohorts (<i>n</i> = 94, 2012-2015 and 2015-2017) of adult women with HER2-positive breast cancer, receiving NeoT at the breast clinic in Portugal (IPO-Porto), were followed. All patients had surgery and received trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy. The 2012-2015 cohort received doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel plus trastuzumab, whereas the 2015-2017 cohort was treated with the same protocol plus pertuzumab.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2012-2015 cohort was older (median 53 years), with locally advanced tumors (48.1%), mostly hormone receptor positive (59.3%). The 2015-2017 cohort was younger (median 43 years) with 60% operable tumors. Pathologic complete response (pCR) improved in the second cohort, while maintaining a good safety profile and tolerability. Clinical staging (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and hormone receptor (<i>p</i> = 0.003) were significant predictors of pCR, but not treatment regimen (<i>p</i> = 0.304).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further research with larger samples and longer follow-up is needed to understand the clinical differences. Clinical effectiveness of treatment should also be measured through overall and progression-free survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/d7/i2590-017X-6-1-1.PMC9888519.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10681237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Oncologic Outcome in Patients Receiving Phase I Investigational Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer.","authors":"Ji Son,&nbsp;Heather Y Lin,&nbsp;Siqing Fu,&nbsp;Amadeo B Biter,&nbsp;Ecaterina E Dumbrava,&nbsp;Daniel D Karp,&nbsp;Aung Naing,&nbsp;Shubham Pant,&nbsp;Sarina A Piha-Paul,&nbsp;Jordi Rodon,&nbsp;Vivek Subbiah,&nbsp;Apostolia M Tsimberidou,&nbsp;Timothy A Yap,&nbsp;Michael M Frumovitz,&nbsp;Amir A Jazaeri,&nbsp;Pedro T Ramirez,&nbsp;Shannon N Westin,&nbsp;Ying Yuan,&nbsp;Funda Meric-Bernstam,&nbsp;David S Hong","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to identify clinical, pathologic, and treatment factors that are predictive of response and survival in patients with cervical cancer referred to phase I clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cervical cancer who received at least one dose of a phase I investigational agent at our institution between 2014 and 2022 were included. The log-rank test was used to analyze differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and multivariable regression analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 65 patients with a median age of 41 years (range, 20-74), 3 prior therapies (range, 1-7), and 67.7% squamous carcinoma. The rate of distant metastasis at trial entry was 84.6%. The most common molecular alterations included PIK3CA (46.5%), PD-L1+ (46.2%), EPH (30.0%), and CREBBP (23.1%); 23.1% had received a prior checkpoint inhibitor. Phase I trials were for immunotherapy (58.5%) or targeted therapy (41.5%). The rate of biomarker matching was 21.5%. For all patients, median PFS was 3.6 months (95% CI, 2.0-5.2) and OS was 9.3 months (95% CI, 7.0-10.6). Factors at study entry associated with worse survival were presence of bone metastasis (PFS 1.6 vs 4.4 months: hazard ratio [HR], 2.8; <i>p</i> = 0.001; OS 3.8 vs 10.0 months: HR, 3.9; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and absolute lymphocyte count below 1000/μL (PFS 1.8 vs 5.2 months: HR, 2.9; <i>p</i> = 0.0004; OS 7.0 vs 10.6 months: HR, 3.2; <i>p</i> = 0.0009). Factors associated only with worse OS were absolute neutrophil count above 4700/μL, hemoglobin below 10.5 g/dL, and smoking status. Grade 3+ treatment-related adverse events were seen in 16.9% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bone metastasis and absolute lymphocyte count below normal range at phase I study entry portend poor survival in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/04/4f/i2590-017X-6-1-10.PMC9888522.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10681235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: The Past and the Future.","authors":"Samer A Srour,&nbsp;Serkan Akin","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is the new standard treatment for various indications in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Despite the several preclinical and early phase clinical trials, the overall clinical experience has been disappointing when applying this innovative therapy in solid tumors. The failure of CAR T-cell therapy and its limited antitumor activity in solid tumors have been attributed to several mechanisms, including tumor antigen heterogeneity, the hostile tumor microenvironment and poor trafficking of CAR T cells into tumor sites, and the unacceptable toxicities in some settings, among others. However, remarkable improvements have been made in understanding many of these failure mechanisms for which several emerging novel approaches are being applied to overcome these challenges. In this review, after a brief historic background for immunotherapy in solid tumors, we highlight the recent developments achieved in CAR T-cell designs, summarize completed clinical trials, and discuss current challenges facing CAR T-cell therapy and the suggested strategies to overcome these barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/d0/i2590-017X-6-1-19.PMC9888521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10674937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant Nivolumab and Ipilimumab for Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Tumor Thrombus.","authors":"Viraj A Master,&nbsp;Benjamin N Schmeusser,&nbsp;Adeboye O Osunkoya,&nbsp;Arnold R Palacios,&nbsp;Eric Midenberg,&nbsp;Lauren Yantorni,&nbsp;Kenneth Ogan,&nbsp;Mehmet A Bilen","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal cell carcinoma with level IV tumor thrombus is a condition necessitating aggressive surgical management. Many solid organ malignancies often benefit from neoadjuvant treatments for tumor debulking and improvement of surgical outcomes. However, neoadjuvant treatments for renal cell carcinoma have been limited by its resistance to traditional chemotherapy and radiation. Emerging treatment modalities, such as immunotherapies, are exciting new options that may be therapeutically effective. The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab has exhibited success in managing metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Limited data exist for its use in nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus. This case illustrates the use of nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy in delaying tumor growth, producing observable tumor thrombus histologic and radiologic treatment changes, and, most importantly, facilitating a less invasive surgical approach of a level IV renal cell carcinoma tumor thrombus.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/85/i2590-017X-6-1-50.PMC9888517.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10674935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Images in Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology: Angiosarcoma of the Spleen and Liver.","authors":"Anagha Deshpande,&nbsp;Javier Munoz,&nbsp;Katalin Kelemen,&nbsp;Vrushali Dabak,&nbsp;Amr Hanbali,&nbsp;Razelle Kurzrock","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-22-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36401/JIPO-22-22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary splenic or hepatic angiosarcomas are ultra-rare and aggressive malignancies associated with poor prognosis. The mainstay treatments are surgical resection and chemotherapy. We report a case of angiosarcoma in a 50-year-old woman who presented with bruising, fatigue, ecchymosis, and hepatosplenomegaly. She was treated with the multi-kinase inhibitor sunitinib for 4 weeks before developing a splenic hemorrhage and succumbing. Recent studies have demonstrated the clinical benefit of immunotherapies in angiosarcomas. Additionally, sequencing techniques have showcased the diverse molecular aberrations involved in angiosarcomas, which offer opportunities for precision-matched targeted therapies such as inhibitors of the VEGF/VEGFR axis and PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"56-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/da/i2590-017X-6-1-56.PMC9888520.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10681240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive risk factor analysis of oral submucous fibrosis among gond tribes of central India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Satyaprakash Nigam, Rupal Saxena, Sabhrant Singh, Ruchi Jain, Shaji Thomas","doi":"10.4103/jpo.jpo_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpo.jpo_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder characterized by fibrotic changes in the oral mucosa. It is a significant public health concern, particularly among certain ethnic populations. The Gond tribes of Central India represent one such population, and the prevalence and risk factors associated with OSMF among them remain largely unexplored. This study aims to conduct a predictive risk factor analysis to identify the factors associated with OSMF among the Gond tribes and provide insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease within this specific population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the Gond tribal population of Central India. A total of 800 participants were included in the study. Oral examinations were conducted by trained researchers to assess the presence of OSMF and other oral health conditions. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected, including age, gender, education level, occupation, and household income. Lifestyle factors such as tobacco and betel nut chewing, alcohol consumption, and oral hygiene practices were assessed through structured questionnaires. Dietary patterns and nutritional status were evaluated, and oral health-related factors such as dental caries, periodontal health, and other oral lesions were examined. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with OSMF among the Gond tribes. Results: The prevalence of OSMF among the Gond tribes was 12.5%. Demographic analysis revealed a balanced representation of genders, with a range of age groups included. Lifestyle factors such as tobacco and betel nut chewing were prevalent among the Gond tribes, with a significant proportion of participants reporting regular use of these substances. Poor oral hygiene practices and undernutrition were also identified as risk factors. Dietary patterns showed a high consumption of carbohydrate-rich foods and a relatively low intake of fruits and vegetables in addition to OSMF. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with OSMF among the Gond tribes of Central India. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing tobacco and betel nut chewing, poor oral hygiene practices, advanced age, low education level, and undernutrition within this population. Comprehensive oral health promotion programs, including tobacco cessation initiatives, oral hygiene education, nutritional interventions, and improved access to dental care, are crucial for reducing the prevalence of OSMF and improving oral health outcomes among the Gond tribes. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to further elucidate the causal relationships and long-term impact of these risk factors on the development and progression of OSMF within the Gond tribal population.","PeriodicalId":16081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}