{"title":"Vista: a software environment for computer vision research","authors":"Arthur R. Pope, D. Lowe","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323895","url":null,"abstract":"Vista is a software environment supporting the modular implementation and execution of computer vision algorithms. Because it is extensible, portable, and freely available, Vista is an appropriate medium for the exchange of standard implementations of algorithms. This paper, an overview of Vista, describes its file format, its data abstraction, its conventions for UNIX filter programs and library routines, and its user interface toolkit. Unlike systems that are designed principally to support image processing, Vista provides for the easy creation and use of arbitrary data types, such as are needed for many areas of computer vision research.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129855868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medium level scene representation using a VLSI smart hexagonal sensor with multiresolution edge extraction capability and scale space integration processing","authors":"M. Tremblay, M. Savard, D. Poussart","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323788","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a sensing approach where photo-transduction, multi-resolution feature extraction, scale-space integration and edge tracking are performed on a mixed (digital-analog) VLSI architecture in order to generate medium-level scene description. The proposed system is mainly targeted for robot vision applications where feature description is preferred to a set of raw or raster 2D images and edge maps. The Multiport Access photo-Receptor (MAR) is a CMOS sensor and represents the main sensory part of this integrated image acquisition system. VLSI also provides means to integrate analog computing, digital controller and DSP co-processor modules which define a powerful sensory chip set for focal plane image processing. A current version of the MAR sensor which implements 256/spl times/256 pixels includes 16 analog spatial filters which simultaneously compute multiresolution edge maps. This unique 2D hexagonal smart sensor approach which performs up to 8.5/spl times/10/sup 9/ arithmetic Op/sec during the acquisition/filtering phase and 25/spl times/10/sup 9/ Logical Op/sec for scale-space integration allows high resolution image capability. It represents a significant improvement for passive sensory units in a compact assembly for computer vision applications.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129888660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sven J. Dickinson, P. Jasiobedzki, G. Olofsson, H. Christensen
{"title":"Qualitative tracking of 3-D objects using active contour networks","authors":"Sven J. Dickinson, P. Jasiobedzki, G. Olofsson, H. Christensen","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323904","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we track changes in the appearance of the object as it moves from one frame to the next. At a symbolic level, an aspect graph clusters all the views of an object into a set of topologically distinct classes in terms of which surfaces of an object are visible from a given viewpoint (Koenderink and van Doom (1979). Two nodes (or aspects) in the aspect graph are connected by an arc if it is possible to directly move from a viewpoint in which the first aspect is visible to a viewpoint in which the second aspect is visible. Qualitatively, we can envision a tracking strategy which simply tracks an object as it moves from one node to another in the object's aspect graph. Although it does not provide us with accurate pose of the object, it does qualitatively describe the motion of the object without the need for a CAD representation of the object.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical spline-based image registration","authors":"R. Szeliski, J. Coughlan","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323829","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of image registration subsumes a number of topics in multiframe image analysis, including the computation of optic flow (general pixel-based motion), stereo correspondence, structure from motion, and feature tracking. We present a new registration algorithm based on a spline representation of the displacement field which can be specialized to solve all of the above mentioned problems. In particular, we show how to compute local flow, global (parametric) flow, rigid flow resulting from camera egomotion, and multiframe versions of the above problems. Using a spline-based description of the flow removes the need for overlapping correlation windows, and produces an explicit measure of the correlation between adjacent flow estimates. We demonstrate our algorithm on multiframe image registration and the recovery of 3D projective scene geometry. We also provide results on a number of standard motion sequences.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126974322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of shape from shading techniques","authors":"Ruo Zhang, P. Tsai, J. Cryer, M. Shah","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323854","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first shape-from-shading technique was developed by B.K.P. Horn in the early 1970s, different approaches have been continuously emerging in the past two decades. Some of them, improve existing techniques, while others are completely new approaches. However, there is no literature on, the comparison and performance analysis of these techniques. This paper provides comparison and analysis of these techniques.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127764253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of transitory image sequences","authors":"J. Weng, Yuntao Cui, N. Ahuja, Ajit Singh","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323935","url":null,"abstract":"A transitory image sequence is one in which no scene element is visible through the entire sequence. This article deals with some major theoretical and algorithmic issues associated with the task of estimating structure and motion from transitory image sequences. Two representations, world-centered (WC) and camera-centered (CC), behave very differently with a transitory sequence. The asymptotical error properties derived in this article indicate that one representation is significantly superior to the other, depending on whether one uses camera-centered or world-centered estimates. Rigorous experiments were conducted with real-image sequences taken by a fully calibrated camera system. The comparison demonstrated that a good accuracy can be obtained from transitory image sequences.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128148247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dense, time-varying range data acquisition from stereo pairs of thermal and intensity images","authors":"J. Ohya, F. Kishino","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323914","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new method for acquiring time-sequential range images that provide dense range data. In our approach, stereo pairs of thermal and intensity images are synchronously acquired and are mutually registered. The thermal images are segmented into isotemperature regions. Contour-based matching is done for the isotemperature regions in the thermal images independently at each time instant, and by temporal correspondence, possible matching pairs of contours are generated. By evaluating the similarities of the pairs, consistent and likely pairs are chosen. To get dense range data, intensity profiles within the isotemperature regions are matched by dynamic programming. Experiments on real scenes, including a sequence showing a moving human being, show promising results.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121849392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive polynomial modelling of the reflectance map for shape estimation from stereo and shading","authors":"D. R. Hougen, N. Ahuja","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323940","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with estimation of the reflectance map and its use in surface shape estimation by a method that combines stereo and shading information. There are many advantages to the integrated approach. However, shape from shading algorithms are limited in their applicability by the assumption of idealized reflectance and lighting models involving many preset or hard to estimate parameters. In this paper, it is shown that the difficulties involved in estimation of the reflectance function and light source distribution can be eliminated through direct estimation of the reflectance map using adaptive polynomial models. The reflectance map estimate is used with a surface estimate provided by stereo in an integrated approach to surface shape estimation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131698161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scene understanding from propagation and consistency of polarization-based constraints","authors":"L. B. Wolff","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323942","url":null,"abstract":"We show how the more general capabilities of polarization vision can be used to significantly enhance the understanding of imaged scenes particularly at regions containing specular and mirror reflections, and occluding contours. Intensity-based methods are easily confounded by specular reflection. Specular mirror reflection of an object is indistinguishable from the object itself when using intensity and color, but is shown to be distinguishable when reflected polarization is analyzed. Polarization-based methods also enhance the identification of occluding contour edges, and regions that are in the vicinity of occluding contour edges. In past work local polarization constraints have been shown to accurately label specularities and occluding contours in simple scenes. In more complicated scenes under general conditions local polarization constraints are usually not sufficient to produce an accurate labeling of these phenomena. The main new idea presented in this paper is to extract much more additional information by enforcing physical consistency between neighboring local polarization constraints and propagating these constraints across pixel edges and regions with significant partial polarization. Initial labeling of pixels is produced from local polarization constraints at edges. We present well-defined physically motivated rules for relabeling pixels where physical inconsistencies result between neighboring local polarization constraints. Propagation rules allow physically consistent labeling of regions of significant partial polarization, and a refinement rule allows some more detailed labeling of edges. We include the previously unstudied case of specular reflection at/near occluding contours. In all 10 edge and region labels are generated. Experimental results on a complex scene is presented demonstrating the vast amount of information that can be extracted from these new physical principles of polarization vision.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127584668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shape analysis of brain structures using physical and experimental modes","authors":"John Martin, A. Pentland, R. Kikinis","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.1994.323892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.1994.323892","url":null,"abstract":"We present a framework for analyzing the shape of structures within the human brain. A mathematical model is developed describing the deformation of any brain structure whose shape is affected by both gross and detailed physical processes. The total shape deformation is decomposed into physical modes of variation obtained from finite element analysis, and experimental modes of variation obtained from sample data using principal component analysis. This mathematical model is used to classify diseases that affect the shape of the ventricular system of the brain. Because ventricular shape is affected not only by pathology but also by overall brain shape, disease discrimination is difficult. By modeling the brain's elastic properties, we are able to compensate for some of the nonpathological modes of ventricular shape variation. This allows us to experimentally characterize modes of variation that are indicative of disease processes.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":160667,"journal":{"name":"1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133395829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}