Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Infectious Agents of Reptiles and Amphibians: Peer-reviewed publications, January–June 2022","authors":"R. Marschang, C. Pollock, Cleon G Hendricks, J. Bogan","doi":"10.5818/JHMS.32.4.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS.32.4.243","url":null,"abstract":"Byas AD, Gallichotte EN, Hartwig AE, Porter SM, Gordy PW, Felix TA, Bowen RA, Ebel GD, Bosco-Lauth AM. 2022. American alligators are capable of West Nile virus amplification, mosquito infection and transmission. Virol, 568:49–55. Capozza P, Lanave G, Diakoudi G, Pellegrini F, Cardone R, Vasinioti VI, Decaro N, Elia G, Catella C, Alberti A, Bányai K, Mendoza-Roldan JA, Otranto D, Buonavoglia C, Martella V. 2022. Diversity of CRESS DNA viruses in squamates recapitulates hosts dietary and environmental sources of exposure. Microbiol Spectr, 10(3):e0078022. Habarugira G, Moran J, Harrison JJ, Isberg SR, HobsonPeters J, Hall RA, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. 2022. Evidence of infection with zoonotic mosquito-borne flaviviruses in saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) in Northern Australia. Viruses, 14(5):1106. Ihász K, Marton S, Fehér E, Bányai K, Farkas SL. 2022. Genetic characterisation of a novel reptarenavirus detected in a dead pet red-tailed boa (Boa constrictor). Acta Vet Hung, 70(1):77–82. doi:10.1556/004.2022. 00001. Kurucz N, McMahon JL, Warchot A, Hewitson G, Barcelon J, Moore F, Moran J, Harrison JJ, Colmant AMG, Staunton KM, Ritchie SA, Townsend M, Steiger DM, Hall RA, Isberg SR, Hall-Mendelin S. 2022. Nucleic acid preservation card surveillance is effective for monitoring arbovirus transmission on crocodile farms and provides a one health benefit to Northern Australia. Viruses, 14(6):1342. Li T-H, Hsu W-L, Chen C-Y, Chen Y-C, Wang Y-C, Tsai M-A, Chen I-C, Chang C-C. 2022. Preparation of recombinant glycoprotein B (gB) of Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) for antibody production and its application for infection detection in sea turtles. Sci Rep, 12(1):11022. Lintala A, Szirovicza L, Kipar A, Hetzel U, Hepojoki J. 2022. Persistent reptarenavirus and hartmanivirus infection in cultured boid cells. Microbiol Spectr, 10(4):e0158522. Lu J, Yang S, Wang C, Wang H, Gong G, Xi Y, Pan J, Wang X, Zeng J, Zhang J, Li P, Shen Q, Shan T, Zhang W. 2022. Gut virome of the world’s highest-elevation lizard species (Phrynocephalus erythrurus and Phrynocephalus theobaldi) reveals versatile commensal viruses. Microbiol Spectr, 10(1):e0187221. Manes C, Pinton D, Canestrelli A, Capua I. 2022. Occurrence of fibropapillomatosis in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in relation to environmental changes in coastal ecosystems in Texas and Florida: a retrospective study. Animals, 12(10):1236. Nieto-Claudin A, Esperón F, Apakupakul K, Peña I, Deem SL. 2022. Health assessments uncover novel viral sequences in five species of Galapagos tortoises. Transbound Emerg Dis, 69(4):e1079-e1089. Schönbächler K, Segner H, Amphimaque B, Friker B, Hofer A, Lange B, Stirn M, Pantchev N, Origgi FC, Hoby S. 2022. Health assessment of captive and free living European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) in Switzerland. J Zoo Wildl Med, 53(1):159–172. Szirovicza L, Hetzel U, Kipar A, Hepojoki J. 2022. Short ‘1.23 genome’ infectious clone initiates kolmiovirid replication in Boa constrictor cells. Viru","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"648 1","pages":"243 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77648161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Memoriam for Paul Raiti, DVM, DABVP (Reptile and Amphibian Practice)","authors":"","doi":"10.5818/jhms.32.4.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/jhms.32.4.252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"80 1","pages":"252 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77724382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LETTER FROM THE EDITOR","authors":"R. Marschang","doi":"10.5818/1529-9651-32.4.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/1529-9651-32.4.242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"11 1","pages":"242 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87248413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) Nesting and Health Parameters in St. Kitts, 2003–2016","authors":"Kimberly M Stewart, A. Conan, T. Norton, B. Hill, Maria Smeriglio, K. Clements, D. Knobel","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The St. Kitts Sea Turtle Monitoring Network (SKSTMN) began implementation of a leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) monitoring program in 2003 on the main leatherback nesting beaches on St. Kitts, Keys Beach, and North Friars Beach, West Indies. From March 2003 to July 2016, a total of 2,419 adult female leatherback emergence events were recorded and evaluated. A notable decrease in adult leatherback emergence activity was observed over the course of the study period. The nesting season was documented to range from February to August. April and May were typically the months with the highest frequency of nesting. The number of females individually identified (flipper tagging and/or passive integrated transponder) from 2004–2016 was 259, with a mean curved carapace length (CCL) (n = 720) of 153 cm and mean curved carapace width (CCW) (n = 719) of 113 cm. Remigration intervals ranged from 1–5 yr with a median of 2 yr. For nesting females in St. Kitts over the course of the study period, mean clutch frequency (with standard deviation [SD]) was 3 (SD 2.9) and during a reproductive season was 2.2 (SD 1.44). Mean total number of eggs laid per nest was 113 with mean number of yolked eggs being 83.5 and yolkless 29.3. The mean incubation period was 59.5 days overall (SD 3.5) with a hatch success overall of 16.75%. Relocated nests had significantly lower hatch success than in situ nests and poaching rates decreased over the course of this study. From 2006–2016, a total of 191 blood samples were collected from 118 individual animals. Hematological and plasma biochemical parameters are outlined and changes in values in individuals over the course of nesting seasons and association with remigration intervals are described. The goal of this study was to report on 14 years of leatherback monitoring and determine the baseline health profile of the nesting leatherback population in St. Kitts.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"108 1 1","pages":"18 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83148514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colonic Diverticulosis in a Black Pine Snake (Pituophis Melanoleucus Lodingi)","authors":"W. Abbott, Miranda J. Sadar, Timothy B Kloer, D. Smeak, Devin von Stade, Sushan Han","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 6-yr-old captive-bred male black pine snake (Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi) weighing 0.49 kg with a snout-to-vent length of 127 cm was presented for evaluation of a caudal coelomic swelling that had been present for 3 days. Survey radiographs showed focal distention of the body wall with a mass of soft tissue and mineral opacity. Anti-inflammatory and empiric antibiotic treatments were initiated, with no significant improvement. Coelomic ultrasound showed effusion and intestinal changes consistent with an intussusception. On exploratory celiotomy, the mass was found to be a 10-cm-long colonic diverticulum. A colotomy was performed and inspissated fecal material was removed from the lumen of the diverticulum prior to its resection and closing of the bowel defect. Histological examination of the excised tissue was consistent with an intestinal diverticulum and complete absence of the smooth muscle layers, indicating nonperforating rupture of the bowel wall. The snake recovered uneventfully and began eating 5 days after surgery. On physical and ultrasound examinations 8 months after surgery, the snake's body condition had improved and there was no recurrence of clinical signs, with the snake remaining normal 30 months postsurgery at home.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"41 1","pages":"3 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85136312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological Values of Red-eared Sliders (Trachemys Scripta elegans) in Fall","authors":"C. Leineweber, A. Stöhr, S. Öfner, K. Mathes, R. Marschang","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hematology is an important tool for the veterinary evaluation of reptiles. At this time, there are limited data on hematological reference intervals and physiological factors that influence hematological values in many reptile species, including the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans). The goal of this study was to establish subspecies-specific reference intervals for a single population of red-eared sliders from a lake in Southern Germany sampled on a single day in the fall. Lithium heparinized blood samples and blood smears were collected from 42 turtles and packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin, leukocytes, thrombocytes, and the differential blood count were evaluated. The results showed no significant differences between males and females, with the exception of the absolute monocyte count. The sex-independent calculated median values are: PCV 22.5%, hemoglobin 58.0 g/L, leukocytes 2.4 G/L, heterophils 0.51 G/L, eosinophils 0.82 G/L, basophils 0.19 G/L, lymphocytes 0.64 G/L, monocytes 0.01 G/L, and thrombocytes 12.16 G/L. The present study provides a basis for the evaluation of blood values in this commonly kept turtle species in order to facilitate the correct interpretation of blood results.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"35 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86420120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloacally Located Kidney Prolapsing in a Kingsnake Species (Lampropeltis spp.)","authors":"Jade Hardy, Ethan Biswell, N. Hardy, C. Eng","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An 8½-yr-old female kingsnake (Lampropeltis spp.) presented for apparent constipation of 1-month duration. The physical exam revealed moderate constipation based on coelomic palpation. Radiographs confirmed probable follicular tissue in the mid-coelomic region and more radiodense fecal material within the distal colon. The snake was given an enema and, in the process, prolapsed a firm mass on a pedunculated stalk. The stalk was immediately ligated and transected due to mild hemorrhaging. Histopathology confirmed that the mass consisted of kidney tissue affected with a bacterial nephritis and contained granulomas and gouty tophi. Necropsy of the animal confirmed that the left kidney was missing within the coelomic cavity and had migrated to within the cloacal lumen. Additionally, the animal had severe folliculostasis and a bacterial cloacitis with foreign material (hair shafts) imbedded within the colonic body wall.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"34 1","pages":"271 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75304739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsule Reports","authors":"Louisa M. Asseo, Dvm Dabvp","doi":"10.5818/1529-9651-32.3.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/1529-9651-32.3.236","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred thirty-one clinically healthy Hermann’s tortoises ( Testudo hermanii ) were studied to evaluate serum and plasma levels of symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA). The animals were mostly sourced from a rescue center in Germany. 98 males and 33 females were included in the study, weighing on average 1.1kg. Blood was collected from the dorsal tail vein without sedation in most animals as part of routine health screening. Blood samples were centrifuged and sent to IDEXX reference laboratory for analysis of SDMA using a novel high-throughput homogenous competitive immunoassay. SDMA ranged from 1-21 ug/dL. No difference was noted between male and female tortoises. Uric acid was analyzed on an in-house analyzer using a reference interval of 0.5-2.0 mg/dL. One hundred three tortoises had both a normal uric acid and SDMA and the remaining 28 tortoises had elevations in both uric acid and SDMA. The results of this study are suggestive of a correlation between these values.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":"236 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87355570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Chronic Ovoretention in Rattlesnakes (Crotalus and Sistrurus spp.) at a Single Zoological Institution","authors":"S. Kaye, Marc T. Valitutto","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-21-00015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chronic ovoretention, or egg binding, is a common cause of morbidity in captive female snakes. Both oviparous and viviparous species can be affected, but most literature is focused on management in oviparous species. The epidemiology and preferred treatment of chronic, unfertilized ovoretention in viviparous species, such as rattlesnakes, are not well described. This study reviewed the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality associated with ovoretention in Crotalus and Sistrurus rattlesnakes over 10 yr at a single institution. Period prevalence in mature female rattlesnakes (n = 63) was 15.9%. Ovoretention was the single most common clinical diagnosis for this cohort, comprising 32% of presentations (n = 25), and was the leading identified cause of death, with attribution in 20.8% of necropsies (n = 24). Data were abstracted from 10 cases, spanning eight crotalid species. Median age was 10 yr (range, 4–18 yr), and case fatality was 50%. Affected animals had variable parity and sperm exposure and presented with diverse clinical signs. Medical management alone was infrequently successful; most cases required procedural intervention. Salpingotomy had positive outcomes, including future reproductive success. Bacterial salpingitis, oophoritis, or both were detected in four cases. Serious comorbidities included uterine rupture, sepsis, and disseminated mycobacteriosis. Although prevalence of ovoretention in rattlesnakes likely varies across institutions, it can become a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in rattlesnake collections. Cases may have a long subclinical period despite significant pathologic lesions, and conservative management may be unrewarding. A more proactive, evidence-based approach to ovoretention could potentially improve the survival, welfare, and fertility of female rattlesnakes in human care.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"27 1","pages":"178 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74839206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Drug Combination Nitazoxanide, Azithromycin, and Rifabutin as a Treatment for Cryptosporidium serpentis Infection in Eastern Indigo Snakes (Drymarchon couperi)","authors":"J. Bogan, Michelle Hoffman, M. Mitchell, M. Garner, A. Childress, J. Wellehan","doi":"10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5818/JHMS-D-22-00014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cryptosporidium serpentis is a common parasitic disease in captive snakes that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. To minimize the impact of this parasite, it is important to identify effective treatment methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new drug regimen for treating C. serpentis in eastern indigo snakes (Drymarchon couperi). Twenty-four eastern indigo snakes naturally infected with C. serpentis were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received 20 mg/kg nitazoxanide, 10 mg/kg azithromycin, and 5 mg/kg rifabutin twice weekly in a food item for 6 wk, whereas the second group received no treatment in the food items. Cloacal swabs were collected every 2 months for 6 months to measure C. serpentis shedding by probe hybridization quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The eastern indigo snakes that were qPCR negative after 6 months were immunosuppressed with a single dose of 4 mg/kg dexamethasone sodium phosphate SC. These eastern indigo snakes were then screened by qPCR for an additional 6 months as described previously. Eastern indigo snakes that were qPCR negative after 1 yr of serial sampling were re-evaluated for C. serpentis via gastric biopsy for histological and qPCR analyses. Only 2 (16.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–37.8) of 12 eastern indigo snakes from each group were qPCR negative before immunosuppression. The eastern indigo snakes in the treatment group did have a decrease in the amount of C. serpentis DNA shedding after treatment (P = 0.025), whereas the control eastern indigo snakes did not (P = 0.232). Only 1 (8.3%; 95% CI: 0.1–23.9) of 12 eastern indigo snakes in each group was negative 6 months after immunosuppression. These findings suggest that 20 mg/kg nitazoxanide, 10 mg/kg azithromycin, and 5 mg/kg rifabutin twice weekly for 6 wk in a food item is ineffective in eliminating C. serpentis in naturally infected eastern indigo snakes.","PeriodicalId":16054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery","volume":"3 1","pages":"291 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90739361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}