Journal of Genetics最新文献

{"title":"The <i>sev-Gal4</i> driver in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> does not express in the eight pairs of dorsomedial and some other neurons in larval ventral ganglia: a correction.","authors":"Vanshika Kaushik, Subhash C Lakhotia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>sev-Gal4</i> driver is widely used in <i>Drosophila</i> to express the target gene in specific subsets of cells in ommatidial units of the developing eye. A 2015 report (Ray and Lakhotia, <i>J. Genet.</i> 94, 407-416) from our laboratory claimed that besides the eye disc cells, the <i>sev-Gal4</i> (Bloomington stock 5793) also expresses in eight pairs of dorsomedial neurons and some other cells in larval and early pupal ventral ganglia. The current study reveals that this claim was incorrect since the <i>UAS-GFP</i> transgene in Bloomington stock 1521 used as a reporter in the 2015 study expresses in the eight pairs of dorsomedial neurons and some other cells in larval and early pupal ventral ganglia even in undriven condition. The <i>UAS-eGFP</i> reporter in the BL-5431 stock, however, does not express in these ganglia, neither in undriven nor in <i>sev-Gal4</i> driven condition. This was also confirmed by the G-TRACE cell lineage study. Present results suggest that only four dorsalmidline cells in the ventral ganglia and a cluster of cells in the central region of the brain hemisphere, besides the earlier known cells in the eye disc and optic lobe of the brain, express the sev-Gal4 transgene in the stock 5793. The essentiality of examining the undriven expression of a transgene cannot be over-emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis unveils the intricate dynamics of senescence responses in Himalayan treeline species, <i>Betula utilis</i>.","authors":"Vikas Sharma, Hari Shankar Gadri, Asif Chowdhary, Sarbani Roy, Pankaj Bhardwaj","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-altitude ecosystems in the Himalayas exhibit extreme seasonal variations in their vegetation, with summer and winter presenting the most pronounced environmental contrasts. As winter progresses, temperatures drop, and deciduous plant species undergo senescence. This study unravels the transcriptomic dynamics driving leaf senescence in Himalayan treeline species, <i>Betula utilis</i>, during seasonal variations. Using the RNA-sequence technology, leaf samples collected under fresh and senescent stages were analysed to deduce expression profiles at different stages. A total of 6505 differentially expressed transcripts were identified, with functional annotations revealing key senescence pathways such as phytohormonal regulation, chlorophyll degradation, and nutrient remobilisation. The upregulation of senescence-associated genes (SAGs), alongside alterations in transcription factors like <i>WRKY</i> and hormonal pathways, highlights the molecular interplay driving seasonal adaptation. Additionally, chlorophyll catabolism, modulated by <i>NYC1</i> and <i>PAO</i>, was observed as a pivotal response to winter conditions. The findings of the study provide insights into the importance of carbohydrate metabolism, hormonal signalling, and stress adaptation-related pathways in nutrient conservation and plant fitness under environmental stress. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the genetic mechanisms that allow <i>B. utilis</i> to withstand the harsh Himalayan climate, adding invaluable information to the fields of plant senescence, stress physiology, and climate resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145634434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuronal expressions of Taxi and Adar are crucial in maintaining the lifespan of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Upasana Gupta, Vanlalrinchhani Varte, Fathima M Ashraf, Upendra Nongthomba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ageing involves deterioration in physiological processes, such as maintenance of neuronal health, muscle, fat bodies, and gut bacteria, which play a crucial role in the progression of ageing. In this study, we show that the expression of Taxi, a transcription factor is required to maintain the lifespan in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. Hypermorphic and hypomorphic alleles of taxi show reduced lifespan. We have identified that pan-neuronal overexpression and knockdown of Taxi lead to a stark reduction in the lifespan. In our previous study, we showed that Taxi negatively regulates Adar. Interestingly, overexpression of <i>Adar</i> significantly rescued the reduction in lifespan caused by <i>taxi</i> overexpression in neurons. Conversely, the knockdown of <i>Adar</i> rescued the defective lifespan caused by <i>taxi</i> knockdown in neurons. We show that enzymatically inactive Adar also rescued the reduced lifespan in flies having a neuronal <i>taxi</i> overexpression background. Our work suggests that, besides the editing activity, Adar may have editing-independent roles implicated in lifespan regulation. Overall, we show that neuronal tissue-specific controlled expression of <i>taxi</i> and its interacting partner <i>Adar</i> is imperative in lifespan maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145634425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fine balancer: commemorating 40 years of the <i>Journal of Genetics</i>'s revival.","authors":"Durgadas P Kasbekar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;i&gt;Journal of Genetics&lt;/i&gt;, started by William Bateson in 1910, played a distinguished role in the early years of genetics. However, it stopped publishing in 1978. The Indian Academy of Sciences revived it in 1985, and has published it regularly since then. To commemorate this landmark, I highlight one of the 17 articles published that year. '&lt;i&gt;The isolation and genetic analysis of a Caenorhabditis elegans… X-chromosome balancer&lt;/i&gt;' by András Fodor and Péter Deak, of the Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary. More than the 43 citations garnered by the article, including one as recently as 2023 (&lt;i&gt;Genome Res&lt;/i&gt;. 33, 154-167, 2023), my choice was driven by my friendship with Péter Deak. We overlapped in our postdoctoral years. Additionally, András Fodor was a visiting scientist in TIFR, Mumbai, in 1979/80. &lt;b&gt;What are balancers?&lt;/b&gt; Drosophila geneticists routinely use balancer chromosomes to suppress crossover. Balancers are chromosomes with inversions. Consider the diploid progenitor cell of eggs or sperm with one chromosome of normal sequence, and the other, its inversion homologue. Crossover in the 'heterozygous' segment generates chromosomes with complementary duplications and deletions of segments outside the inversion. These produce genic imbalances in the gametes and inviable progeny. Additionally, balancers are dominantly marked to easily identify individuals that bear them, and they carry one or more recessive lethal mutations to eliminate balancer-homozygotes, that might otherwise be indistinguishable from heterozygotes. &lt;b&gt;Self-crosses versus out-crosses.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Caenorhabditis elegans&lt;/i&gt; is a free-living soil nematode that feeds on bacteria. Individual nematodes are either self-fertilizing hermaphrodites or males. Both have five pairs of autosomes. Additionally, hermaphrodites have two X chromosomes (XX) but males only one (XO). Hermaphrodites produce both sperm and oocytes, and their fusion produces self-cross progeny. The fraction of heterozygous genome is halved in each successive self-cross. Males mate with hermaphrodites, and fertilization of eggs by male-derived sperm generates out-cross progeny. &lt;b&gt;Isolation and analysis.&lt;/b&gt; Fodor and Deak crossed hermaphrodites homozygous for chr. X markers &lt;i&gt;dpy-8&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;unc-3&lt;/i&gt; with males hemizygous for &lt;i&gt;lon-2&lt;/i&gt;. F&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; hermaphrodite progeny from the out-cross have a wild-type phenotype (WT). They were picked, mutagenized with X-rays, and allowed to self-cross. Individual WT hermaphrodite progeny (F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) were transferred to plates to produce self-cross lines (F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and F&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;). Most lines segregated the parental 'Lon' and 'Dpy Unc' type progeny as well as recombinant 'Dpy' and 'Unc' types. But one line (of 105) did not yield any recombinant types. It carried a newly induced X chromosome inversion (marked by &lt;i&gt;lon-2&lt;/i&gt;) that suppressed crossover in the &lt;i&gt;dpy-8-","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete mitochondrial DNA genome of the Indian Chhattisgarh duck and its phylogenetic analysis.","authors":"Rajni Kumari, Ratna Prabha, Tirupati Rao Golla, P K Ray, Reena Kamal, Jaipal S Choudhary, Abhay Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Shanker Dayal, P C Chandran, Jyoti Kumar, M K Tripathi, A Dey, Kamal Sarma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Chhattisgarh duck (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i> L., 1758) is a native Indian germplasm that provides crucial support for the local food security and livelihoods in the eastern region of India. For sustainable use, preservation and conservation, it is crucial to understand its genetic identity and relationships with other breeds of duck. This study focuses on the identification of mitochondrial genome sequence of Chhattisgarh duck. The complete genome of the Chhattisgarh duck is 16,604-bp long, with 37 genes arranged in the same order and on the same strands as those in other species and breeds of <i>Anas</i>. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the Chhattisgarh duck is the sister to a group comprising multiple Mallard breeds and the Maithili breed as sister group, within a structure (((('Mallard' + Maithili) + Chhattisgarh) + Bengal) + Bihar), in which Bihar is the sister to all other known breeds of <i>A. platyrhynchos</i>. The germplasm of Maithili, Chhattisgarh, Bengal, and Bihar ducks are phenotypically as well as phylogenetically distinctive. This study shows the importance of identification and conservation of native Indian duck germplasm.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copy number variation: an important genetic mechanism in <i>SMARCAL1</i>-related immunoosseous dysplasia (Schimke type) in Indian patients.","authors":"Aradhana Dwivedi, Suprita Kalra, Puneet Singh, Aditi Sharma, Divyanshi Sharma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia (SIOD) is an uncommon inherited genetic disorder resulting from pathogenic variants in the <i>SMARCAL1</i> gene. This complex condition exhibits a wide range of clinical features, including skeletal abnormalities, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, and immune system deficiencies. In this study, we report a case series of three patients diagnosed with SIOD, each harbouring copy number variants in the <i>SMARCAL1</i> gene. The cases expand the current understanding of the genetic diversity underlying SIOD and highlight the significance of copy number variations as a pathogenic mechanism. Our findings contribute to broadening the genotypic spectrum associated with SIOD and underscore the importance of comprehensive genetic analysis for accurate diagnosis and management of this rare disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YY1 as a mediator to enhance the resistance of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells to cetuximab.","authors":"Yi Ma, Yi Lin, Congying Wang, Yujie Lv, Wei Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cetuximab has been indicated as the mainstay of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy, of which application was impeded by chemoresistance that was casually attributed to KRAS mutation. This study sought to determine whether YY1 mediated the resistance of CRC cells harbouring KRAS mutation (KRASmut) to cetuximab. The expression of YY1 between cetuximab response and resistance was investigated in cancerous tissues from CRC patients received cetuximab therapy comprising eight KRAS wild-type (KRASwt) and 12 KRASmut. The relationship between YY1 expression and cetuximab resistance was explored based on KRASmut and KRASwt CRC cell lines. To explore the role of YY1 in the cetuximab resistance of KRASmut CRC cells, the response to cetuximab was investigated in cetuximab-resistant cells (SW620-R) with YY1 silence and cetuximab sensitive cells (HCT116) with YY1 overexpression. EGFR/Akt/ERK signalling activation, as well as mRNA and active GTP-bound KRAS level were assessed after the treatment. In KRASmut CRC tissues, YY1 expression was correlated with the histological grade and the cetuximab resistance. Significantly markable differences in YY1 expression between cetuximab-resistant and the parental cell lines were found in KRASmut cells. Silencing YY1 resensitized SW620-R cells to cetuximab and led to an elevation of the active GTP-binding KRAS. Conversely, the capability against cetuximab and GTP-binding KRAS activation of HCT116 cells was enhanced by overexpressing YY1. The blockage of EGFR/Akt/ERK signalling by cetuximab was re-observed in SW620-R cells after silencing YY1 but impaired in HCT116 by overexpressing YY1. The YY1 mediates the resistance of KRASmut CRC cells to cetuximab.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-length transcriptome sequencing and identification of skin colour-associated genes in red tilapia.","authors":"Zhao Chen, Suprita Kalra, Cailin Huang, Huaping Zhu, Shan Xiao, Dayan Zhou, Huanhuan Su, Yumei Xiang, Zigui Chen, Shouou Wen, Heyong Zhao, Dongmei Ma, Zongwei Yuan, Hongfei Xu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red tilapia has gained increasing popularity worldwide in the commercial aquaculture production due to its rapid growth and delightful taste. However, the occurrence of skin colour variation poses a significant challenge to the advancement of commercial culture. Furthermore, the molecular regulatory mechanism and genetic basis for the distinct skin colouration in red tilapia remain undisclosed. In this study, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis was conducted on red tilapia with different skin colour by integrating PacBio Iso-seq technology with Illumina short-read sequencing methods. A total of 41.38 Gb of clean data was generated, resulting in the acquisition of 30,970 transcripts. Among them, 10,829 transcripts were successfully annotated in at least one public database. In addition, 10,827 coding sequences, 452 transcription factors, and 781 lncRNAs were identified in new transcripts. Furthermore, we performed RNA-seq analysis to identify skin colour-associated genes in red tilapia with three colour spots (white spots, W; black spots, B; red spots, R). The results revealed the identification of 278 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the comparison groups, which included B vs R, B vs W, and WvsR.Amongthem, some known genes were found to be involved in regulating the skin pigment synthesis, including PMEL, Wnt-4, melanoregulin and ALK in red tilapia with different skin colour. In addition, some pathways, including melanogenesis (ko04916), ECMreceptor interaction (ko04512), Hedgehog signaling pathway (ko04340) and steroid hormone biosynthesis (ko00140), were associated with the skin pigment synthesis in red tilapia. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed a moderate correlation (coefficient of 0.68) between the results obtained from the qPCR and RNA-seq methodologies. In summary, our findings will significantly contribute to the enhanced comprehension of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the variation in skin colour observed in red tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"105 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of albino C57BL/6J mice by CRISPR embryo editing of the mouse tyrosinase locus.","authors":"M Kasim Diril, Kerem Esmen, Tugba Sehitogullari, Gizem Őztürk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After the arrival of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology, genetic engineering of model organisms has become much faster and more efficient. The development of genetically modified mouse models is also facilitated by the application of various CRISPR methodologies. Although the very first studies utilized pronuclear injection (PNI) of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNAs into the zygote stage embryos to create knockout and knockin mutations, the repertoire of techniques and collection of reagents for CRISPR editing has rapidly expanded. This presents researchers in the field with a versatility of choices for genetic engineering. However, there are not many comparative studies that analysed the efficacy of gene editing when Cas9 and sgRNA/ssDNA oligos were transferred to the embryos by different methodologies. Here, we aimed to compare two different methods, electroporation and PNI. One of the recent developments gaining wide use in mouse model research is the application of electroporation for the introduction of Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes into zygote stage embryos. Here, we have used this technique to generate albino coat-coloured C57BL/6J mice by targeted inactivation of the mouse tyrosinase gene through indel or knockin mutations. We have also applied the PNI protocol with the same set of reagents, to compare the efficiency of the two techniques in generation of indel and knockin mutations. Although PNI results in signifi- cantly higher efficiency for knockin mutations, it requires specialized equipment setup and advanced training in embryo micromanipulation and microinjection. Therefore, for the generation of simple gene knockouts by indel mutations, electroporation can be used.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and expression patterns of the <i>NPR1</i>-like genes in maize.","authors":"Wenlan Li, Xinwei Hou, Zhaodong Meng, Runqing Yue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related 1 (<i>NPR1</i>) is the salicylic acid (SA) receptor, which plays an important regulatory role in plant immunity. However, the <i>NPR1</i>-like gene family in maize has not been comprehensively identified and analysed. In the present study, we identified gene structures, conserved motifs, <i>cis</i>-elements, and expression patterns in different tissues and organs, and under biotic and abiotic stresses. The <i>NPR1</i>-like proteins of different species are highly conserved during evolution. Many <i>cis</i>-acting elements have been identified in the promoter region of NPR1-like genes in maize, including elements that respond to growth and development, biotic and abiotic stresses, and plant hormones. Furthermore, the transcript abundance of all <i>NPR1</i>-like genes in maize changed significantly under abiotic treatments (cold, heat, salt, or drought treatments), phytohormone treatments and pathogen treatment (<i>Ustilago maydis</i>), indicating that they might be involved in biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, <i>ZmNPR1</i> is located in the cytoplasm, and overexpression of <i>ZmNPR1</i> improves the resistance of maize plants to <i>U. maydis</i>. The findings of the present study might provide important information on under standing the complexity of the <i>NPR1</i>-like genes and their functions in maize.</p>","PeriodicalId":15907,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetics","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}