Journal of environmental sciences最新文献

{"title":"Catalytic degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) over Ce-Mn-Ti composite oxide catalysts","authors":"Zhiwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Guijin Su ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Pang ,&nbsp;Bohua Sun ,&nbsp;Jing Meng ,&nbsp;Bin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing industrially moldable catalysts with harmonized redox performance and acidity is of great significance for the efficient disposal of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) in actual exhaust gasses. Here, commercial TiO₂, typically used for molding catalysts, was chosen as the carrier to fabricate a series of Ce_0.02Mn_0–0.24TiO_x<span><span> materials with different Mn doping ratios and employed for chlorobenzene (CB) destruction. The introduction of Mn remarkedly facilitated the synergistic effect of each element via the </span>electron transfer processes: Ce</span>³⁺+Mn^4+/3+↔Ce⁴⁺+Mn^3+/2+ and Mn^4+/3++Ti⁴⁺↔Mn^3+/2++Ti³⁺. These synergistic interactions in Ce_0.02Mn_0.04–0.24TiO_x, especially Ce_0.02Mn_0.16TiO_x, significantly elevated the active oxygen species, oxygen vacancies and redox properties, endowing the superior catalytic oxidation of CB. When the Mn doping amount increased to 0.24, a separate Mn₃O₄ phase appeared, which in turn might weaken the synergistic effect. Furthermore, the acidity of Ce_0.02Mn_0.04–0.24TiO_x was decreased with the Mn doping, regulating the balance of redox property and acidity. Notably, Ce_0.02Mn_0.16TiO_x featured relatively abundant B-acid sites. Its coordinating redox ability and moderate acidity promoted the deep oxidation of CB and RCOOH- intermediates, as well as the rapid desorption of Cl species, thus obtaining sustainable reactivity. In comparison, CeTiO_x<span> owned the strongest acidity, however, its poor redox property was not sufficient for the timely oxidative decomposition of the easier adsorbed CB, resulting in its rapid deactivation. This finding provides a promising strategy for the construction of efficient commercial molding catalysts to decompose the industrial-scale CVOCs.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 326-338"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global perspective on microbial risk factors in effluents of wastewater treatment plants","authors":"Kejing Chen ,&nbsp;Jinsong Liang ,&nbsp;Yuhan Wang ,&nbsp;Yechen Tao ,&nbsp;Yun Lu ,&nbsp;Aijie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective monitoring and management of microbial risk factors in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluents require a comprehensive investigation of these risks. A global survey on microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents could reveal important insights into their risk features. This study aims to explore the abundance and types of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), virulence factor genes (VFGs), the vector of ARG/VFG, and dominant pathogens in global WWTP effluents. We collected 113 metagenomes of WWTP effluents from the Sequence Read Archive of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and characterized the microbial risk factors. Our results showed that multidrug resistance was the dominant ARG type, while offensive virulence factors were the most abundant type of VFGs. The most dominant types of ARGs in the vector of plasmid and phage were both aminoglycoside resistance, which is concerning as aminoglycosides are often a last resort for treating multi-resistant infections. <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> was the most dominant pathogen, rather than <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and a weak negative correlation between <em>Escherichia coli</em> and two other dominant pathogens (<em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> and <em>Bacteroides uniformis</em>) suggests that using <em>Escherichia coli</em> as a biological indicator for all pathogens in WWTP effluents may not be appropriate. The Getah virus was the most dominant virus found in global WWTP effluents. Our study presents a comprehensive global-scale investigation of microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents, providing valuable insights into the potential risks associated with WWTP effluents and contributing to the monitoring and control of these risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 227-235"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of relative humidity on the desulfurization performance of calcium-based desulfurizer","authors":"Juan Lǖ ,&nbsp;Yu Fu ,&nbsp;Haiyan Yu ,&nbsp;Huan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Haiyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low desulfurization efficiency impedes the wide application of dry desulfurization technology, which is a low-cost and simple process, and one significant solution is the development and manufacture of high-performance desulfurizers. In this study, firstly, a steam jet mill was used to digest quicklime; then, we utilized numerical simulation to study the flow field distribution and analyze the driving factors of quicklime digestion; and lastly, the desulfurization performance of the desulfurizer was evaluated under different relative humidities. The results show that the desulfurizer prepared via the steam jet mill had better apparent activity than traditional desulfurizers. Also, the entire jet flow field of the steam jet mill is in a supersonic and highly turbulent flow state, with high crushing intensity and good particle acceleration performance. Sufficient contact with the nascent surface maximizes the formation of slaked lime. The experiments demonstrated that the operating time with 100% desulfurization efficiency and the “break-through” time for the desulfurizer prepared via the steam jet mill is longer than that of traditional desulfurizers, and has significant advantages, especially at low flue gas relative humidity. Compared with traditional desulfurizers, the desulfurizer prepared via steam jet mill expands the range of acceptable flue gas temperature, and the failure temperature is 1.625 times that of traditional desulfurizers. This work breaks through the technical bottleneck of low dry desulfurization efficiency, which is an important step in pushing forward the application of dry desulfurization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel electro-Fenton hybrid system for enhancing the interception of volatile organic compounds in membrane distillation desalination","authors":"Hongxin Liu ,&nbsp;Kuiling Li ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Wang ,&nbsp;Zimou Liu ,&nbsp;Sichao Zhu ,&nbsp;Dan Qu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising alternative desalination technology, but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds (VOCs), resulting in aggravation in the quality of permeate. In term of this, electro-Fenton (EF) was coupled with sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) in a more efficient way to construct an advanced oxidation barrier at the gas-liquid interface, so that the VOCs could be trapped in this layer to guarantee the water quality of the distillate. During the so-called EF-MD process, an interfacial interception barrier containing hydroxyl radical formed on the hydrophobic membrane surface. It contributed to the high phenol rejection of 90.2% with the permeate phenol concentration lower than 1.50 mg/L. Effective interceptions can be achieved in a wide temperature range, even though the permeate flux of phenol was also intensified. The EF-MD system was robust to high salinity and could electrochemically regenerate ferrous ions, which endowed the long-term stability of the system. This novel EF-MD configuration proposed a valuable strategy to intercept VOCs in MD and will broaden the application of MD in hypersaline wastewater treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 189-199"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation characteristics of acid rain in Zhuzhou, Central China over the period 2011-2020","authors":"Jiahao Ren ,&nbsp;Liquan Zhu ,&nbsp;Xi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqian Luo ,&nbsp;Xuecai Zhong ,&nbsp;Bowen Li ,&nbsp;Yuwen Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zhuzhou was one of the most polluted cities in China with the serious acid rain. Due to the implementation of air pollution control measures from 2016 to 2018, the acid rain pollution in this city has reduced. In order to understand the recent situation, a comprehensive study on the acid rain was carried out from January 2011 to December 2020. The pH values during the study period varied from 3.3 to 7.5, with a volume-weighted mean value of 4.7. The predominant acidic components of the precipitation were SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻, accounting for 89.3% of the total anions. The ratio of non-sea-salt SO₄²⁻ to NO₃⁻ showed a decreasing trend, revealing that the pollution type of acid rain changed from sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid and nitric acid compound type. The correlation analysis (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) showed that SO₄²⁻ was positively correlated with NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺; hence, it predominated in precipitation as (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄HSO₄, CaSO₄, and MgSO₄. Significant positive correlation of Ca²⁺ with Mg²⁺ shows that they may originated mainly from crust. Significant positive correlation between SO₄²⁻ and F⁻ and Cl⁻ indicate that their source may be related to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in Zhuzhou. Further correlation analysis shows that emissions from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in the area have a large significant on SO₄²⁻ and F⁻ in precipitation, while Cl⁻ may still be emitted from other anthropogenic sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 496-505"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49740992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotoxicity dynamic change and key toxic organics identification of coal chemical wastewater along a novel full-scale treatment process","authors":"Weiwei Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongjun Han ,&nbsp;Xueqing Shi ,&nbsp;Qiaoping Kong ,&nbsp;Tong Yu ,&nbsp;Fei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>It is particularly important to comprehensively assess the biotoxicity variation of industrial wastewater<span> along the treatment process for ensuring the water environment security. However, intensive studies on the biotoxicity reduction of industrial wastewater are still limited. In this study, the toxic organics removal and biotoxicity reduction of coal chemical wastewater (CCW) along a novel full-scale treatment process based on the pretreatment process-anaerobic process-biological enhanced (BE) process-anoxic/oxic (A/O) process-advanced treatment process was evaluated. This process performed great removal efficiency of COD, total phenol, NH</span></span>₄⁺-N and total nitrogen. And the biotoxicity variation along the treatment units was analyzed from the perspective of acute biotoxicity, genotixicity and oxidative damage. The results indicated that the effluent of pretreatment process presented relatively high acute biotoxicity to <em>Tetrahymena thermophila.</em> But the acute biotoxicity was significantly reduced in BE-A/O process. And the genotoxicity and oxidative damage to <em>Tetrahymena thermophila</em><span> were significantly decreased after advanced treatment. The polar organics in CCW were identified as the main biotoxicity contributors. Phenols were positively correlated with acute biotoxicity, while the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were positively correlated with genotoxicity. Although the biotoxicity was effectively reduced in the novel full-scale treatment process, the effluent still performed potential biotoxicity, which need to be further explored in order to reduce environmental risk.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 277-287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49763328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new scheme of PM2.5 and O3 control strategies with the integration of SOM, GA and WRF-CAMx","authors":"Wenjiao Duan,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wang,&nbsp;Shuiyuan Cheng,&nbsp;Ruipeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Previous air pollution control strategies didn't pay enough attention to regional collaboration and the spatial response sensitivities, resulting in limited control effects in China. This study proposed an effective PM</span>_2.5 and O₃ control strategy scheme with the integration of Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and WRF-CAMx, emphasizing regional collaborative control and the strengthening of control in sensitive areas. This scheme embodies the idea of hierarchical management and spatial-temporally differentiated management, with SOM identifying the collaborative subregions, GA providing the optimized subregion-level priority of precursor emission reductions, and WRF-CAMx providing response sensitivities for grid-level priority of precursor emission reductions. With Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding area (BTHSA, “2 + 26” cities) as the case study area, the optimized strategy required that regions along Taihang Mountains strengthen the emission reductions of all precursors in PM_2.5-dominant seasons, and strengthen VOCs reductions but moderate NOx reductions in O₃-dominant season. The spatiotemporally differentiated control strategy, without additional emission reduction burdens than the 14th Five-Year Plan proposed, reduced the average annual PM_2.5 and MDA8 O₃ concentrations in 28 cities by 3.2%–8.2% and 3.9%–9.7% respectively in comparison with non-differential control strategies, with the most prominent optimization effects occurring in the heavily polluted seasons (6.9%–18.0% for PM_2.5 and 3.3%–14.2% for MDA8 O₃, respectively). This study proposed an effective scheme for the collaborative control of PM_2.5 and O₃ in BTHSA, and shows important methodological implications for other regions suffering from similar air quality problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 249-265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An all-in-one FeOx-rGO sponge fabricated by solid-phase microwave thermal shock for water evaporation and purification","authors":"Youkun Sun ,&nbsp;Xiuwen Zhao ,&nbsp;Xueling Song ,&nbsp;Jinchen Fan ,&nbsp;Junhe Yang ,&nbsp;Yingchun Miao ,&nbsp;Shuning Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing high-efficiency photothermal seawater desalination devices is of significant importance in addressing the shortage of freshwater. Despite much effort made into photothermal materials, there is an urgent need to design a rapidly synthesized photothermal evaporator for the comprehensive purification of complex seawater. Therefore, we report on all-in-one FeO_x<span>-rGO photothermal sponges synthesized via solid-phase microwave thermal shock<span><span>. The narrow band gap of the </span>semiconductor material Fe</span></span>₃O₄<span> greatly reduces the recombination of electron-hole pairs, enhancing non-radiative relaxation light absorption<span>. The abundant π orbitals in rGO promote electron excitation and thermal vibration between the lattices. Control of the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity<span><span> promotes salt resistance while simultaneously achieving the purification of various complex polluted waters. The optimized GFM-3 sponge exhibitedan enhanced photothermal conversion rate of 97.3% and a water </span>evaporation rate of 2.04 kg/(m</span></span></span>²<span>·hr), showing promising synergistic water purification properties. These findings provide a highly efficient photothermal sponge for practical applicationsof seawater desalination and purification,as well as develop a super-rapid processing methodology for evaporation devices.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 671-683"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photocatalytic ammonia oxidation activity and nitrogen selectivity over Ag/AgCl/N-TiO2 photocatalyst","authors":"Jiaojiao Guan ,&nbsp;Daorong Li ,&nbsp;Jiahui Feng ,&nbsp;Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Zhaonian Li ,&nbsp;Siqi Ge ,&nbsp;Hongxia Chen ,&nbsp;Kunfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The removal of ammonia (NH₃) emitted from agricultural and industrial activities is of great significance to protect human health and ecological environment. Photocatalytic NH₃ oxidation to N₂ under mild conditions is a promising strategy. However, developing visible light photocatalysts for NH₃ oxidation is still in its infancy. Here, we fabricate N-TiO₂ and Ag/AgCl/N-TiO₂ photocatalysts by sol-gel and photodeposition methods, respectively. The introduction of N not only endows TiO₂ with visible light response (absorption edge at 460 nm) but also results in the formation of heterophase junction (anatase and rutile). Thus, N-TiO₂<span> shows 2.0 and 1.8 times higher than those over anatase TiO</span>₂ and commercial TiO₂ for NH₃<span> oxidation under full spectrum irradiation. Meanwhile, surface modification of Ag can simultaneously enhance visible light absorption<span> (generating localized surface plasmon resonance effect) and charge separation efficiency. Therefore, the photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl/N-TiO</span></span>₂<span> is further improved. Furthermore, the presence of N and Ag also enhances the selectivity of N</span>₂ product owing to the change of reaction pathway. This work simultaneously regulates photocatalytic conversion efficiency and product selectivity, providing some guidance for developing highly efficient photocatalysts for NH₃ elimination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 395-405"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal cadmium exposure impairs neural tube closure via inducing excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium","authors":"Shiyong Zhu ,&nbsp;Xuenan Li ,&nbsp;Xueyan Dai ,&nbsp;Jinlong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Birth defects have become a public health concern. The hazardous environmental factors exposure to embryos could increase the risk of birth defects. Cadmium, a toxic environmental factor, can cross the placental barrier during pregnancy. Pregnant woman may be subjected to cadmium before taking precautionary protective actions. However, the link between birth defects and cadmium remains obscure. Cadmium exposure can induce excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium during embryonic development progresses. Cadmium exposure activated the p53 <em>via</em> enhancing the adenosine 5‘-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reactive oxygen species’ (ROS) level. And cadmium decreases the level of Paired box 3 (Pax3) and murine double minute 2 (Mdm2), disrupting the process of p53 ubiquitylation. And p53 accumulation induced excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium during embryonic development progresses. Excessive apoptosis led to the failure of neural tube closure. The study emphasizes that environmental materials may increase the health risk for embryos. Cadmium caused the failure of neural tube closure during early embryotic day. Pregnant women may be exposed by cadmium before taking precautionary protective actions, because of cadmium concentration-containing foods and environmental tobacco smoking. This suggests that prenatal cadmium exposure is a threatening risk factor for birth defects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15774,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental sciences","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 572-584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49741523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}