Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport最新文献

{"title":"Modular loading units and modular cargo transport complexes for intermodal transportation liquid cargo","authors":"Volodymyr Petrukhin","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-141-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-141-147","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of liquid cargo transportation between Ukraine and the EU countries, due to the non-interoperability of their railway transport systems. The analysis of existing solutions in the intermodal way of transporting liquid cargo was carried out. Their shortcomings are pointed out and their solution proposed by introducing a modular tank container MVO 480.00.110-02 for intermodal transportation of fuels and lubricants (F&L), liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), oil and other liquid cargoes by rail transport of 1435/1520 mm gauges. In the conditions of the ongoing war, there was an acute problem of ensuring the transportation of F&L from EU countries to Ukraine. It was complicated by the different width of the railway track. This required the replacement of tank car bogies at the joints of the 1435/1520 mm railway tracks. In addition, private tank cars had dimensions that are allowed for transportation only on railways with a gauge of 1520 mm. They exceeded the dimensions allowed for transportation on tracks of 1435 mm. This did not allow them to be used for transporting liquid cargo from EU countries. Usually, ISO 1496-3 tank containers with a length of 20 feet are used for intermodal transportation of liquid cargoes by sea, rail and road transport. In connection with the universal purpose and the need for stacking during sea transportation, their dimensions are made much smaller than the dimensions allowed for transportation by rail. Tank containers in the form of removable bodies – Swap Body tank containers are used for intermodal transportation of liquid cargo only by road and rail transport. The article points out the shortcomings of existing cargo units. To eliminate them, our company developed and patented tank containers – modular loading units (MLU) 480.00.110-02. \u0000For intermodal transportation of liquid cargo by rail transport of gauge 1435/1520 mm. MLU 480.00.110-02 are made in the form of modular connector complexes, which are assembled from container and cargo modules. The unified platform container model 480.00.010 of the ISO 668 standard, series 1, size and type code 29Р0 is used as a container module. Cargo modules can be mounted on the container module – removable tanks of various specializations for the transportation of various liquid cargoes. This execution of modular loading units made it possible to expand their specialization and increase the volume of tanks by 40 ÷ 45% in comparison with existing cargo units, with the possibility of transportation in the dimensions of the load of tracks of 1435/1520 mm. A comparison of the cost of transportation of liquid cargoes by tank cars, tank trucks and tank containers is given. MLU 480.00.110-02. The technical conditions of NTU 480.00.110-02 on transportation by fitting platforms of tracks of 1435/1520 mm were developed and agreed with the railway administrations of Ukraine and EU countries. An example of the implementation of a modular carg","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"60 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of oxygen distribution along the length of silicon single crystals doped with components with different types of conductivity","authors":"Аnna A. Bulankina, Larysa M. Degtyarova","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is the study of convective flows and their influence on the growth of single crystals of silicon by the Czochralsky method from a large melt, which contributes to the emergence of non-stationary convection. Therefore, simulation of convection for the growth of silicon single crystals is an important step in the development of conditions for the growth of perfect single crystals. Silicon substrates are used to manufacture more than 90% of semiconductor devices and solar cells. A special role in the development of electronics is played by monocrystalline silicon, which is used for the manufacture of semiconductor devices and integrated microcircuits. The main requirements for the development of technology for the production of silicon substrates is an increase in quality at a decrease in cost. Promising technologies of 10-nm size and 3D-transistor structures significantly increase the requirements for uniformity of distribution of components, including layering in silicon single crystals. For the mathematical modeling of convective flows, melt flows were considered for a cylindrical crucible with a radius of 150 mm at a melt height of up to 40 mm. Such parameters ensure stationary convection in molten silicon. Methods of reducing stratification have been studied and developed for more than 50 years, but have not yet found a definitive solution. This method of single crystal growth is the most controlled and allows to influence the convective flows in the silicon melt below the phase interface with ultrasonic waves in the megahertz range. The effectiveness of using ultrasound in the extraction of semiconductor single crystals depends on the creation of special conditions for introducing them into the melt. \u0000Reducing the influence of oxygen on the electrophysical properties of silicon single crystals is an intractable problem of silicon technology. One of the ways to solve this problem is alloying with an isomorphic impurity, for example, tin. The development of a method of doping single crystals of silicon with tin requires determination of its concentration in the liquid and solid phases","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"623 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139838911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automation of the construction, comparison and selection of delivery routes and schemes in the multimodal transportation system","authors":"O. Kichkina, O. Kichkin","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-73-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-73-79","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000The article proposes the application of a methodical approach to choosing the optimal route of multimodal transportation based on a module integrated into the information system of a freight forwarding company. The functions of the module are to build an optimal delivery scheme and meet all customer requirements, both domestic and international multimodal transportation, taking into account the changing circumstances in the conditions of instability caused by the state of war and the need to reorient the usual delivery routes. \u0000In the conditions of military operations, this method of automated search and comparison of alternative routes allows taking into account changing conditions that develop in real time, while the cargo flow should be accompanied by an information flow that would also be available in real time. The proposed structure of the database, the structures of requests for development routes., developed forms of source documents. The criteria for comparing routes of different dimensions are defined: the difference in the distance of cargo transportation, the costs of changing the existing system of cargo transportation, increasing the level of transportation safety, delivery time, reducing the cost of delivering a batch of goods, the difference in delivery time. A solution to the multi-criteria decision-making problem by normalizing the criteria and the additive optimization method is proposed. The method of determining the best route and supply scheme is implemented in the \"decision-making\" module, which is integrated into the information system of the transport forwarding company. \u0000The result of the practical implementation of the proposed method of construction, comparison and selection of routes and delivery schemes in the system of multimodal transportation based on the integrated module in the information system of the transport and forwarding company is the possibility of quick response to changes in external circumstances, warnings of emergency and conflict situations, control of the transportation process along the entire route and , if necessary, making adjustments to the route and delivery scheme, choosing a safe and effective option by the operator of multimodal transportation.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"27 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization passenger transport on basic organizations of uniform suburban passenger flow","authors":"Nataliia Chernetskaya-Beletskaya, Ihor Baranov, M. Miroshnykova, Svitlana Berezhna","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-183-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-183-189","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose article is improveefficiency of suburban passenger transportation based on organization of suburban passenger traffic. It was established that suburban passenger flow urban agglomerations consistsof following aggregated groups (segments): workers with variable work schedules, office workers, students, other passengers, while the total volume of passenger flow and the value individual components its segments are unstable and characterized by spatial and temporal unevenness. \u0000The task organization of passenger traffic is find a compromise between the needs passengers and possibilities of transport. The compromise is achieved due fact by obtaining formal optimum each time, with help of variable weighting factors, it is possible display priorities passenger flows from different stations and sections. The task optimizing functioning of passenger transport system ofurban agglomeration based on organization passenger flow is minimize total costs transportation and waiting. The optimization criterion is determined based on minimization costs mastering passenger flow in full, as well as waiting by passengers at departure station and delay at destination station. \u0000The article formulates problem of organizing suburban passenger flows in urban agglomerations reduce static reserves of suburban passenger complex at expense dynamic ones. The optimization apparatus based on dynamic transport problem was chosen and substantiated. The possibilities using method of dynamic coordination solve transport problems of urban agglomerations are analyzed and advantages are shown. The technology using optimization apparatus is proposed, which includes directed iterative process, which allows reduce the number of experiments for choosing among optimal options, most client-oriented compromise option. The method optimal organization of homogeneous suburban passenger flow based on method dynamic coordination has been developed. It was established use directed iterative process allows significantly reduce number of experiments in order achieve consensus betweeninterests passengers and efficiency of transport system.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"30 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of an integrated approach to research on the impact of transport and industrial processes on city-logistic systems","authors":"Serhii Turpak, O. Kuz’kin, Vjacheslav Trushevskyi, Olena Ostrohliad","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-168-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-168-174","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the need for post-war reconstruction, one of the important issues is the formation of city-logistics systems taking into account the prospects for the development of urban industry, advanced achievements of science and technology, and the introduction of ecological modes of transport. , ensuring the European level of social and cultural development of the population. Meanwhile, enterprises of the metallurgical industry, as a rule, are city-forming in the settlements of industrial districts, they employ tens of thousands of workers. Taking into account the continuity of the main production processes in metallurgy, employees of such enterprises have a need for round-the-clock daily movement from their place of residence to the enterprise and back. At the same time, the schedules of the beginning and end of work shifts may be different at the same enterprise. Under such conditions, it is important to provide employees with timely and reliable transportation to the workplace. Accordingly, the city's transport system as a whole and the city's public transport in particular must be ready to ensure the growth of demand for passenger transportation for the sustainable development of the city's economy and social sphere. The article emphasizes the relevance of the tasks of optimizing the duration of signals both for relatively simple configurations of street network nodes and for complex street intersections with several sections of the road separated by a boulevard. The approach proposed by the authors to the management of the city-logistics system in the conditions of the cities of industrial regions will ensure the growth of demand for passenger transportation for the purpose of sustainable development of the economy and social sphere of cities. The need has been proven and practical solutions have been proposed for increasing the level of road safety, reducing traffic jams, and improving traffic modes within the cities of industrial areas, which allows to reduce the number of traffic accidents, ensures the fulfillment of urban logistics tasks, and also reduces the level of energy consumption of vehicles. expedient connection of various types of street transport, including individual ones, which will ensure rational planning of street space and increase the efficiency of the transport system of cities.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"57 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring and improving the reliability and efficiency of the road truck transportation process by building a failure tree of structural elements of the transportation system","authors":"Dmitry V. Golub, Viktor V. Aulin, Artem Zamurenko, Ruslan P. Kichura, Oleksandr U. Yuvzenko, V. Bilichenko","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-46-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-46-55","url":null,"abstract":"It was found that to ensure and improve the reliability of transport systems, it is necessary to have an effective toolkit for identification and classification of their failures, the number for a given period of operation and the determination of the required number of structural elements in the form of participants. \u0000It is shown that the construction of a tree of their failures is an effective tool for identification and classification of transport system failures. The procedure for its construction and its implementation is presented on the example of a transport system for the transportation of rock mass for the production of crushed stone. A tree of failures of this system was built and the main directions of its activity were developed to ensure the technical serviceability of the rolling stock and prevent its failures. Attention is focused on the coefficient of technical readiness of the vehicle fleet, an analysis of various types of formulas for evaluating this complex indicator of reliability and ways to increase its level are provided. Factors affecting the reliability of the transport system are determined and their list is given. \u0000It was found that regardless of the mutual location of the elements of the transport system, it is difficult to assign any of them to the main category. At the same time, the main argument is that the failure of any structural element of the transport system can lead to its complete failure, with the exception of elements connected in parallel. \u0000A number of assumptions have been made regarding the formation of the organizational and production structure of a trucking company based on functional characteristics, when the grouping and selection of elements of the company's production system is carried out in accordance with the commonality of performed functions. Areas of activity of trucking companies to prevent failures in the transport system caused by technical malfunctions of rolling stock are given. \u0000It was established that based on the results of the analysis of possible failures in the transport system, the optimization of the number of elements of the structural and functional scheme of the production process of transportation is carried out, when solving the problem, the minimum necessary number of its participants is determined. At the same time, the optimization criterion is selected taking into account the cost of the transportation process, which includes conditionally constant and variable costs directly for the movement of the object of transportation and its terminal processing on the way of passage.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of oxygen distribution along the length of silicon single crystals doped with components with different types of conductivity","authors":"Аnna A. Bulankina, Larysa M. Degtyarova","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is the study of convective flows and their influence on the growth of single crystals of silicon by the Czochralsky method from a large melt, which contributes to the emergence of non-stationary convection. Therefore, simulation of convection for the growth of silicon single crystals is an important step in the development of conditions for the growth of perfect single crystals. Silicon substrates are used to manufacture more than 90% of semiconductor devices and solar cells. A special role in the development of electronics is played by monocrystalline silicon, which is used for the manufacture of semiconductor devices and integrated microcircuits. The main requirements for the development of technology for the production of silicon substrates is an increase in quality at a decrease in cost. Promising technologies of 10-nm size and 3D-transistor structures significantly increase the requirements for uniformity of distribution of components, including layering in silicon single crystals. For the mathematical modeling of convective flows, melt flows were considered for a cylindrical crucible with a radius of 150 mm at a melt height of up to 40 mm. Such parameters ensure stationary convection in molten silicon. Methods of reducing stratification have been studied and developed for more than 50 years, but have not yet found a definitive solution. This method of single crystal growth is the most controlled and allows to influence the convective flows in the silicon melt below the phase interface with ultrasonic waves in the megahertz range. The effectiveness of using ultrasound in the extraction of semiconductor single crystals depends on the creation of special conditions for introducing them into the melt. \u0000Reducing the influence of oxygen on the electrophysical properties of silicon single crystals is an intractable problem of silicon technology. One of the ways to solve this problem is alloying with an isomorphic impurity, for example, tin. The development of a method of doping single crystals of silicon with tin requires determination of its concentration in the liquid and solid phases","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the dynamic properties of the vehicle by installing diesel engines during modernization","authors":"V. Bilichenko, Dmytro M. Matvijchuk","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-16-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-16-24","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the possibilities of improving the dynamic properties of a weapon vehicle by installing diesel engines during modernization. It proposes a number of practical measures to achieve this goal, such as replacing a gasoline engine with a diesel engine.The article conducts a comparative analysis of the traction and dynamic characteristics of the basic gasoline power unit and the diesel power unit installed after modernization on the example of APCS 70. The necessity of modernization by replacing gasoline engines with diesel units is substantiated by means of a comparative traction and dynamic calculation and economic indicators of power units. A comparative analysis of fuel consumption is carried out and the power of the power units is compared. The disadvantages of using gasoline power units are analyzed. According to the results of the calculations, the optimal ratio of parameters that determine the dynamic properties of the vehicle of the weapon is achieved.For the calculation of the main indicators of traction and speed properties of the prototype, the numerical values of the design parameters of the APCS 70 product, which are given in the reference literature, are used.The modernization discussed in this article involves further refinement of the APCS 70's power plant compartment, which is located in the aft part of the hull. It contains two ZMZ 4905 power units assembled with clutches and gearboxes mounted on a common frame. The gasoline power units are replaced with clutch assemblies and 4-speed transmissions. Diesel power units are assembled with clutches, equipped with 5-speed gearboxes and are installed with minor modifications to the standard subframe on which the units are mounted. In turn, the replacement of the power units entails further modifications to the cooling system, fuel supply, exhaust system, engine heating system, as well as part of the electrical equipment of the power units. The transfer case and subsequent transmission of the product remain unchanged.The research provides valuable information for military equipment specialists and engineers interested in improving the performance of combat vehicles.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"707 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139839163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the transport and logistics system to simplify movement of population in rural areas","authors":"Ilya A. Vodolazskyi, Oleksii A. Vodolazskyi, Iryna A. Kyrychenko","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-32-37","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to examine existing data for the selection of survey areas, data collection for the mobile network at the level of travel chains, and analysis of travel patterns. Travel demand in three rural areas with different population densities is considered, and requirements for new mobility solutions based on demand and people's travel habits are established. \u0000Public transport plays a decisive role in the logistics of territorial communities of Ukraine. However, inadequate provision and implementation of technological advances have left rural areas behind and heavily dependent on private cars. This article describes how to improve the availability of transport services in rural areas, where the demand for travel is often underestimated. The demand for travel in three rural areas with different population densities was analyzed, and the requirements for new mobility solutions based on demand and people's travel habits were determined. \u0000There is a need to access a higher level of subsidies if on-demand mobility services cannot attract an adequate level of demand so that rural and semi-rural communities have access to the same level of services and opportunities available to urban areas. Most of these services are deployed in urban settings with high travel demand and population density. Research on regions with low demand is rarely considered. \u0000Many on-demand services are community-based, where demand is determined based on local knowledge and specific needs. Those mobility services that are more commercially oriented use qualitative market research to determine demand for specific population segments and specific locations. \u0000Social isolation is exacerbated by lack of accessibility, roads and public transport, but is also linked to socio-demographic factors. \u0000It is suggested that consideration be given to removing barriers to commercially viable new mobility services in rural areas by: using data-driven approaches to understand typical daily travel patterns; identifying new mobility services that can be deployed for commercial purposes and those that will require ongoing financial support to provide socially necessary services.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"324 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139837318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of intelligent transport systems","authors":"Sergii A. Kliuiev, Artem E. Sihonin, Serhii V. Tsymbal","doi":"10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-80-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2023-18-2-80-86","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to develop a refined methodology for the general design of a container terminal. The difference between the given design methodology and the existing ones is that a decision is proposed to change its throughput (annual container flow passing through it), without changing the dimensions of the container yard and the way containers are stored, that is, for the same capacity of the container yard. Such cases occur, for example, when it is necessary to reconstruct a container terminal. Cargo terminals for containers are a specific field of logistics and cargo delivery system, where cargo is processed in consolidated transport modules - containers. \u0000Considered the main stages of designing a container terminal as a complex stochastic technical system: setting the task (it should be a single one); selection and determination of elements of technological zones and the structure of the container terminal, as various connections between system elements; analysis of system functioning (including its modeling); account of interaction of the system with the environment; consideration of the results of the container transport and technological system and operation. It is determined that this general methodology can be used during the creation or analysis of any other transformation of a technical or social system that receives a stream of some objects with one set of parameters, processes it through its structure and outputs them from other parameters. This method of formalizing the functioning of the container terminal can be used for its calculations, modeling, research and optimization. In the processes of interaction with environmental systems, the container terminal passes from one state to another, which is characterized by the types and volume of technological operations that must be performed at a certain moment, cargo that must be stored, delivered to and from the terminal, assembled, sorted, business employee processes, forklifts, cranes and other equipment in use. The functioning of the container terminal (part of the warehouse system) as a procedure of transitions from one state to another can be represented in the form of a graph or transition probability matrix.","PeriodicalId":157730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport","volume":"16 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}