Journal of Engineering最新文献_第2页

Eco-Friendly Roller Compacted Concrete: A Review 环保型碾压混凝土：回顾

IF 1.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.09

Shahad Qais Abd Almajeed, Z. K. Abbas

{"title":"Eco-Friendly Roller Compacted Concrete: A Review","authors":"Shahad Qais Abd Almajeed, Z. K. Abbas","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.09","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable evolution is vital to address miscellaneous issues, and experts are currently exploring the possibilities of Eco-Friendly concrete (Green concrete). This type of concrete involves using environmentally and economically viable substances that can act as entire or partial replacements for conventional materials. By doing so, it can assist in reducing the consumption of natural resources and energy, as well as minimize pollution. For example, several researchers have performed on incorporating sustainable approaches in roller compacted concrete RCC by replacing certain substances with eco-friendly alternatives. That is a favorable step toward devising more sustainable construction practices. Therefore, this study resorted to reapplying recycled plastic garbage (sustainable plastic) to construct environmentally eco-friendly concrete (green concrete). First, examine the possibility of using plastic as a partial substitute for fine-aggregates in RCC mixtures. Second, examination of the possibility of using plastic as a partial substitute for coarse-aggregates in RCC mixtures to enhance the performance of RCC. In early periods, a suitable RCC mix was designed in the lab to test the concrete strength, freezing-thawing, permeability, durability, erosion, and porosity of set concrete. The findings confirmed that RCC can maintain the same properties as traditional concrete using the known mixtures. Trial tests were designed and organized to evaluate the quality of pouring and compaction operations, suitable mix composition, and void specimens to accomplish testing on the constructed RCC. It has shown that RCC with prime ingredients and proper ratios can be performed with similar strength and durability as conventional concrete. However, RCC differs from ordinary concrete pavements. This technology provides a favorable economical alternative for many branches of civil engineering installations.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141714892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of the Behaviour of RC T-Beams Strengthened by EB-CFRP Composites Under Bending and Shear Effects 用 EB-CFRP 复合材料加固的 RC T 型梁在弯曲和剪切效应下的行为数值模拟

IF 1.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.04

Hasan Ehssan Alobaidi, A. H. Al-Zuhairi

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of the Behaviour of RC T-Beams Strengthened by EB-CFRP Composites Under Bending and Shear Effects","authors":"Hasan Ehssan Alobaidi, A. H. Al-Zuhairi","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.07.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of numerical simulations performed using ABAQUS/CAE version 2019. The study aims to evaluate the structural integrity of reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforcements polymer composite materials (EB) (CFRP), especially their response to bending and shear forces. The numerical model was validated by comparing the numerical and experimental results of eight RC T-beams. The numerical analysis was then extended to include various factors, including the impact of the tilt angle of the U-CFRP shell on the shear strength. The goal of this numerical extension is to implement a numerical model capable of simulating the nonlinear behavior of these beams accurately. A comparative analysis is also performed on the experimental and computational models, focusing on the damage modes and their load-induced deformation characteristics. The results showed a satisfactory level of agreement between the two sides. The average ratio of ultimate load to deflection in the numerical model simulation and experimental beam test is 1.004 and 1.046, respectively. The main finding is that inclined U-CFRP deformed at a 45° angle exhibits greater shear stiffness than beams embedded with vertical CFRP panels at a 90° angle, maintaining a constant CFRP panel spacing.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Date-Palm Fibers on Fine Soil’s Compaction and Strength Properties 枣椰树纤维对细粒土压实和强度特性的影响

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.05

Zina Mikhael Dawood, Z. H. Alqaissi

{"title":"Impact of Date-Palm Fibers on Fine Soil’s Compaction and Strength Properties","authors":"Zina Mikhael Dawood, Z. H. Alqaissi","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the influence of date-palm fibers on the compaction and strength properties of fine soil. The laboratory tests, including specific gravity, compaction tests, and unconfined compression strength tests, were conducted, integrating different proportions (ranging from 0 to 2%) of date-palm fibers into the soil mixture. The palm fibers were divided into two distinct lengths (30 mm and 60 mm) to be mixed with the soil. Nine samples were prepared with varying proportions of date-palm fibers for the experimental investigation, aiming to specifically examine the influences exerted by both palm-fiber length and palm-fiber content on the soil's compaction and strength characteristics when mixed with date-palm fibers. The compaction test results demonstrate a decrease in the dry unit weight and an increase in the optimum moisture content by approximately 10%. Additionally, the length of the date-palm fibers impacts the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry unit weight of the soil mixture. In contrast, the unconfined compressive stress increased by about 30% with higher date-palm fiber contents. This increase in unconfined compressive stress due to increased date-palm fiber content is a significant finding, indicating improved soil strength. This finding holds the enhancing construction performance, sustainability, and cost-efficiency. In conclusion, this soil-fiber mixture shows suitable hydraulic applications. The utilization of natural materials in civil engineering demands the exploration of available natural fibers.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141280963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stiffness, Vibration, and Strength of Flat Slab and Flat Plate Lightweight Concrete Slabs 平板和平板轻质混凝土板的刚度、振动和强度

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.10

Manar Zahid Zaman, S. Al-Zaidee

{"title":"Stiffness, Vibration, and Strength of Flat Slab and Flat Plate Lightweight Concrete Slabs","authors":"Manar Zahid Zaman, S. Al-Zaidee","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.10","url":null,"abstract":"Flat slabs made of two-way reinforced concrete are a common, effective, and affordable structural method. Thin layer slabs and lightweight are of great importance in modern building construction without the need to increase the cross-section of columns, walls, and foundations. Consequently, it becomes more important to cover all aspects related to stiffness, vibration, and strength of lightweight concrete slabs. To achieve serviceable flat slabs from lightweight concrete (LWC), the comparison between LWC flat plate and flat slab is studied in this article for strength and stiffness. The construction of the flat plate is much easier than other slabs even though the problem facing the flat plate is the punching shear. Hence, the addition of the drop panel as a solution. However, the two LWC slabs are exposed to a uniform pressure of dead load and human live load. The vibration of the slab is related to the stiffness in the form of the natural frequency. These floor systems should satisfy walking excitation criteria of acceleration limit , which is equal to 0.50% of g for office occupancies. This study aims to analyze a flat plate and flat slab with a drop panel for strength and stiffness. The analysis is carried out in ABAQUS software. The results of the analysis show that the flat slab has an effective increase in strength of about 60% compared to the stiffness which was lower by about 2.2 %. However, the stiffness of both slabs is within the limits of walking excitation criteria.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligent Dust Monitoring System Based on IoT 基于物联网的智能粉尘监测系统

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.03

A. Y. Hassan, M. Saleh

{"title":"Intelligent Dust Monitoring System Based on IoT","authors":"A. Y. Hassan, M. Saleh","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"Dust is a frequent contributor to health risks and changes in the climate, one of the most dangerous issues facing people today. Desertification, drought, agricultural practices, and sand and dust storms from neighboring regions bring on this issue. Deep learning (DL) long short-term memory (LSTM) based regression was a proposed solution to increase the forecasting accuracy of dust and monitoring. The proposed system has two parts to detect and monitor the dust; at the first step, the LSTM and dense layers are used to build a system using to detect the dust, while at the second step, the proposed Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) model is used as a forecasting and monitoring model. The experiment DL system train and test part was applied to dust phenomena historical data. Its data has been collected through the Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology (IMOS) raw dataset with 170237 of 17023 rows and 10 columns. The LSTM model achieved small time, computationally complexity of, and layers number while being effective and accurate for dust prediction. The simulation results reveal that the model's mean square error test reaches 0.12877 and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) test is 0.07411 at the same rates of learning and exact features values of vector in the dense layer, representing a neural network layer deeply is connected to the LSTM training proposed model. Finally, the model suggested enhances monitoring performance.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Traffic Congestion Measures and Sustainability Evaluation of Urban Street 城市街道交通拥堵措施和可持续性评估

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.02

Z. Alkaissi, Ali Nasser Hussein, Murtada Hassan Muhammad

{"title":"Traffic Congestion Measures and Sustainability Evaluation of Urban Street","authors":"Z. Alkaissi, Ali Nasser Hussein, Murtada Hassan Muhammad","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.02","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic congestion become a serious problem that traffic engineers still face. This research explains the sustainable indicators and congestion index for urban streets and their implementation to evaluate the performance measures proceeding toward sustainable roads. Congestion measures in terms of speed reduction and sustainable indicators; mobility (congestion index, travel time, and delay), costs (vehicle operating cost), socio-economic effect (in terms of an estimated factor called User Satisfaction Index (USI), and air pollution (Fuel emissions) are estimated. Link 3 has the highest delay value of approximately (2 minutes) for the evening peak period in the north-south direction due to a large number of vehicles dense traffic and mixed land use of the study area that produce many attraction trips daily. Congestion is distributed more spatially during the morning peak periods, while in evening periods is relatively concentrated on a specific link. The reduction in travel speed due to the congestion effect induced higher vehicle operating costs of an average unit of 2.9 per Km for links 1, 2.6, and 2.4 for links 2 and 3, respectively, at peak time from (8 a.m. to 12 a.m.). Generally, traffic congestion is mainly concentrated on Links 1 and 3 of Palestine’s urban street segments. The overall user satisfaction index (USI) is 2.209 and about 44.18%, meaning user satisfaction is less than 50%. This illustrates that the selected segment of the study area is unsustainable regarding the social and commuter opinions aspect.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Study of Partial Open Side Effect on Natural Convection in a Porous Cavity 多孔空腔中部分开放侧效应对自然对流的实验研究

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.11

Raed G. Saihood, Mazin F. Fateh Ala

{"title":"Experimental Study of Partial Open Side Effect on Natural Convection in a Porous Cavity","authors":"Raed G. Saihood, Mazin F. Fateh Ala","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.11","url":null,"abstract":"This research provides information on the heat transfer in the cavity by natural convection which has a partially open side with a ratio (A = 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25) to the surroundings for cooling. It is filled with porous media (glass beads) and saturated with air. The bottom wall was heated with a constant heat flux (q = 1500, 3000, 4500, 6000) W/m2 while the top and other walls of the cavity were well insulated. The porous media had small porosity (0.418), a range of Rayleigh number Ra (57.6-1470). The distribution of temperatures, the local Nusselt number, and the average Nusselt number were all extracted from the testing rig's temperature data. It is clear that the fluid flow and heat transfer are affected by heat flux and the ratio of partially open side. Observed that, the greatest temperature values at maximum heat flux (q) and minimum open ratio (A). Thus, the temperature rising at all values of the constant heat flux and the enhancement of the local Nusselt number at (q = 6000) W/m2 about (5.47%, 3.85%, 1.76%) for (A = 1, 0.75, 0.5) respectively, when compared with (A = 0.25). The enhancement of the average Nusselt number at (q = 6000) W/m2 is about (7.28%, 4.55%, 2.27%) for (A = 1, 0.75, 0.5) respectively, compared with (A = 0.25).","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141277215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Investigation of GFRP-Reinforced Hollow Square Concrete Column GFRP 加固空心方形混凝土柱的实验研究

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.07

H. A. Hussein, A. I. Said

引用次数: 0

Review of Lab-Accelerated Aging Techniques of Asphalt Mixes 沥青混合料实验室加速老化技术综述

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.01

H. R. Hmoud, Nabeel N. Salman, Mansura Dmytro

{"title":"Review of Lab-Accelerated Aging Techniques of Asphalt Mixes","authors":"H. R. Hmoud, Nabeel N. Salman, Mansura Dmytro","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"Bitumen aging contributes to main pavement distress due to the changes in rheological, chemical, and physical characteristics of bitumen. Mainly, aging process can be divided into two categories, the first category namely short-term aging takes place during the heating up of bitumen and aggregate, mixing, transportation, laying down, and compaction. While the second category of aging takes place during the service life of pavement which is denoted as long-term aging. Consequently, researchers’ focus is to simulate bitumen aging in the lab by developing lab-accelerated methods to simulate the process of bitumen aging and studying the rate of change before and after aging. This article reviews these methods and compares the extent of the impact on lab-aged bitumen with old bitumen. The main outcome is, that the duration of exposure to high temperatures, which is the dominant method to accelerate aging process, resulted in inadequate changes in the structure of the bitumen molecule, hence, making it different from old bitumen. For that reason, using oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide showed more reliable results but requires more attention by researchers to achieve a standardized aging process of bitumen.","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Copy Move Image Forgery Detection using Multi-Level Local Binary Pattern Algorithm 利用多级局部二进制模式算法进行复制移动图像伪造检测

IF 2.7

Journal of Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.09

Marwa Emad Mahdi, Nada Hussein M Ali

{"title":"Copy Move Image Forgery Detection using Multi-Level Local Binary Pattern Algorithm","authors":"Marwa Emad Mahdi, Nada Hussein M Ali","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.06.09","url":null,"abstract":"Digital image manipulation has become increasingly prevalent due to the widespread availability of sophisticated image editing tools. In copy-move forgery, a portion of an image is copied and pasted into another area within the same image. The proposed methodology begins with extracting the image's Local Binary Pattern (LBP) algorithm features. Two main statistical functions, Stander Deviation (STD) and Angler Second Moment (ASM), are computed for each LBP feature, capturing additional statistical information about the local textures. Next, a multi-level LBP feature selection is applied to select the most relevant features. This process involves performing LBP computation at multiple scales or levels, capturing textures at different resolutions. By considering features from multiple levels, the detection algorithm can better capture both global and local characteristics of the manipulated regions, enhancing the accuracy of forgery detection. To achieve a high accuracy rate, this paper presents a variety of scenarios based on a machine-learning approach. In Copy-Move detection, artifacts and their properties are used as image features and support Vector Machine (SVM) to determine whether an image is tampered with. The dataset is manipulated to train and test each classifier; the target is to learn the discriminative patterns that detect instances of copy-move forgery. Media Integration and Call Center Forgery (MICC-F2000) were utilized in this paper. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in detecting copy-move. The implementation phases in the proposed work have produced encouraging outcomes. In the case of the best-implemented scenario involving multiple trials, the detection stage achieved a copy-move accuracy of 97.8 %. ","PeriodicalId":15716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0