Journal of Environmental Health最新文献_第5页

Hazardous Chemical Releases Occurring in School Settings, 14 States, 2008-2013. 2008-2013 年 14 个州发生在学校环境中的危险化学品泄漏。

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Environmental Health Pub Date : 2017-11-01

Ayana R Anderson, Taniece R Eure, Maureen F Orr, Lloyd J Kolbe, Alan Woolf

{"title":"Hazardous Chemical Releases Occurring in School Settings, 14 States, 2008-2013.","authors":"Ayana R Anderson, Taniece R Eure, Maureen F Orr, Lloyd J Kolbe, Alan Woolf","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Children are considered to be a vulnerabletion when it comes to exposures to hazardous substances. Schools, where children spend about one third of their day, are expected to be a safe environment. Yet, there are many hazardous substances in schools that can be inadvertently or intentionally released and harm the health of students and teachers alike. The purpose of this analysis is to characterize acute chemical release incidents in school settings and identify prevention practices. The acute chemical incident surveillance programs of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) captured 24,748 acute chemical release incidents from 14 states that participated during 2008-2013. We examined 335 of these incidents that occurred at schools. While only 1.3% (n = 335) of all chemical incidents reported to ATSDR occurred in schools, these incidents represented a larger part of the total impacts, including 8.5% of incidents with persons injured, 5.7% of evacuations ordered, and 31.1% of people evacuated. Natural gas (21.8%) and mercury (18.2%) were the chemicals most frequently released. Collecting and analyzing data on acute school chemical releases allows stakeholders to target prevention initiatives and provide a school environment safe from these chemical exposures.","PeriodicalId":15713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health","volume":"80 4","pages":"E1-E7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5812020/pdf/nihms918645.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35841767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistence of Bowl Water Contamination during Sequential Flushes of Contaminated Toilets. 在连续冲洗受污染的马桶时碗水污染的持续性。

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of Environmental Health Pub Date : 2017-10-01

David L Johnson, Robert A Lynch, Stephanie M Villanella, Jacob F Jones, Haiqin Fang, Kenneth R Mead, Deborah V L Hirst

{"title":"Persistence of Bowl Water Contamination during Sequential Flushes of Contaminated Toilets.","authors":"David L Johnson, Robert A Lynch, Stephanie M Villanella, Jacob F Jones, Haiqin Fang, Kenneth R Mead, Deborah V L Hirst","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Toilets contaminated with infectious organisms are a recognized contact disease transmission hazard. Previous studies indicate that toilet bowl water can remain contaminated for several flushes after the contamination occurs. This study characterized contamination persistence over an extended series of flushes using both indicator particles and viable bacteria. For this study, toilets were seeded with microbe-size microbial surrogates and with Pseudomonas fluorescens or Clostridium difficile bacteria and flushed up to 24 times. Bowl water samples collected after seeding and after each flush indicated the clearance per flush and residual bowl water contaminant concentration. Toilets exhibited 3 + log10 contaminant reductions with the first flush, only 1-2 logs with the second flush, and less than 1 log thereafter. Contamination still was present 24 flushes post contamination. Clearance was modeled accurately by a two-stage exponential decay process. This study shows that toilet bowl water will remain contaminated many flushes after initial contamination, posing a risk of recurring environmental contamination and associated infection incidence.","PeriodicalId":15713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health","volume":"80 3","pages":"34-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5890808/pdf/nihms928811.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36008577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water Quality Survey of Splash Pads After A Waterborne Salmonellosis Outbreak--Tennessee, 2014. 2014年田纳西州水源性沙门氏菌病爆发后飞溅垫水质调查

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学