{"title":"Transitions in environmental policy discourse, from ecologically and socially guided to profit-driven: what is the effect of the institutional policy-making process?","authors":"D. Tessaro","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1956307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1956307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study is based on the analysis of discourse relevant to an environmental policy, named the Toronto Green Standard (TGS). The study found that while the TGS is dominated by economic-focused environmental discourse, the earliest stages of TGS creation were dominated by ‘transformative’ discourses that problematized development and sought ecological protections and social equity. And while the incompatibility of policy making with transformative discourse has been noted by environmental discourse scholars, along with the compatibility of economic-focused discourse, this study highlights precise mechanisms in the institutional policy making process, which have the effect of excluding transformative discourse and prioritizing economic-focused discourse. The process whereby this discursive exclusion and prioritization takes place is referred to in this study as ‘transformative exclusion’. Despite policy maker interests in transformation, transformative exclusion has the effect of reproducing economic-focused discourse, current power relations and inequalities through environmental policy. This study introduces a new thread of importance for discourse analysis of policy, in identifying precise mechanisms of transformative exclusion within institutional policy making processes. By first identifying them, ideally these mechanisms of discursive force will be challenged, so that institutional policy may one day be welcoming to discourses of transformation.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"10 1","pages":"68 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80916001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering gentrification: urban redevelopment, sustainability policy, and green stormwater infrastructure in Minneapolis","authors":"Rebecca H. Walker","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1945917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1945917","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cities increasingly turn to green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) to improve water quality and mitigate flooding risk, yet like other forms of green infrastructure, early research suggests GSI may contribute to ‘green gentrification,’ in which greening increases housing costs, drives gentrification and displacement, and deepens inequalities. Using a spatially explicit mixed-methods approach, I interrogate the relationship between GSI and gentrification in Minneapolis, MN, a city characterized by deep racial inequalities potentially exacerbated by green gentrification. From 2000-2015, census tracts that gentrified received, on average, more GSI projects, more funding per project, and more funding overall. Gentrified tracts received five times more GSI funding than low-income tracts that did not gentrify. Buffer analysis reveals that, adjacent to GSI, rent prices and the college-educated share of the population increased at rates significantly higher than the city average. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of institutions providing and receiving GSI funding indicates that inter-governmental collaborations between watershed governing bodies and city government direct GSI funding to gentrifying areas, where GSI aid in and legitimize the aesthetic transformation of gentrifying neighborhoods. When enmeshed in neighborhood recapitalization via green gentrification, GSI may ultimately deepen environmental inequalities, highlighting the need for planning and policies that proactively mitigate gentrification risks.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"457 1","pages":"646 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76978610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy poverty and the role of institutions: exploring procedural energy justice – Ombudsman in focus","authors":"Ana Stojilovska","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940895","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper aims to explore the role of institutions, and specifically of the Ombudsman, in creating and practicing policies with relevance to energy poverty as a case of procedural energy (in)justice in a European context, while refining procedural energy justice. It is empirically informed by studies about the Austrian energy utility-based Ombudsman and the independent Ombudsman in North Macedonia, countries with a low and high level of energy poverty, respectively. I highlight the unexplored institutional capacity of the independent Ombudsman to discover hidden institutional energy poverty drivers, and the utility-based Ombudsman to alleviate energy poverty, and contribute to a socially just energy transition. The energy market and social welfare system are important institutions co-shaping energy poverty, and the energy utility plays an especially relevant role in creating or preventing energy injustices. Procedural energy justice applied to energy poverty is about how institutions treat citizens over access to affordable energy, and how citizens are (dis)empowered by that relationship.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"16 1","pages":"169 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74017131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Green infrastructure and energy justice in health adaptation: leveraging climate policy innovation and vulnerability-readiness nexus","authors":"Hyun Kim, K. Woosnam, Hyewon Kim, Chul-Hee Lim","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940892","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, we examine how climatic heat stress can be mediated by green infrastructure outcomes and how energy justice effort contributes to health adaptation within the U.S. Great Lakes regions and their primary metropolitan areas over a recent 10-year period (2005–2015). Through the lens of policy innovation and the vulnerability-readiness nexus, we explore how climate policy intervention contributes to the mitigation of heat stress by using a quantitative approach. Empirical results suggest that green infrastructure outcomes and energy justice efforts have the potential to mitigate heat stress and enhance health adaptation. Additional results reflect that climate policy innovation and readiness efforts were viable factors in health adaptation to heat events.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"51 1","pages":"21 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85613542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grant Tyler, D. Bidwell, T. Smythe, Simona Trandafir
{"title":"Preferences for community benefits for offshore wind development projects: A case study of the Outer Banks of North Carolina, U.S.","authors":"Grant Tyler, D. Bidwell, T. Smythe, Simona Trandafir","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940896","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As offshore wind energy development gains a foothold, the possibility of conflict between local communities and developers may become increasingly common. Coastal communities within the viewshed or hosting transmission cables may fear several impacts but few benefits. Community benefits, provided through the wind farm developer, may help garner local support in communities in close proximity to a wind farm project. This research focused on the first offshore wind energy lease off the coastline of North Carolina, U.S. This study utilized semi-structured interviews to understand how key informants think of a proposed offshore wind farm in the context of community benefits. Findings reveal that key informants are skeptical of direct benefits like local employment, though optimistic about indirect, regional benefits, like economic development. The majority of key informants were interested in a community fund that would be administered by the local government or a trusted local organization. This study provides an initial assessment of perspectives on community benefits in the context of offshore wind development and makes recommendations on how to incorporate community benefits into the offshore wind development process. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of additional research into this topic.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"22 1","pages":"39 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77549376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate policy integration: taking advantage of policy windows? An analysis of the energy and environment sectors in Mexico (1997–2018)","authors":"Alma Lucía García Hernández, S. Lucatello","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1940893","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Given the crosscutting character of climate change, improving our understanding of its integration into sectorial policy domains is relevant. We contribute empirically with a case study in Mexico where we analyze climate policy integration in terms of policy outputs and processes. Firstly, we adapted an approach to measure events of regulatory output change and applied it to our original dataset of changes in Mexican environmental and energy laws and regulations between 1997 and 2018. Secondly, based on expert interviews and using the multiple streams as theoretical framework, we explored the role of policy entrepreneurs on influencing policy change towards climate policy integration, in particular the enactment of the law for energy transition in 2015. The Energy Reform in 2013, which aimed at increasing private participation in fossil fuels production, was framed as a solution to the problem of ‘uncertainties over oil reserves and energy demand growth’. Paradoxically, policy entrepreneurs advocated for a transition toward clean electricity as a solution to the same problem. They also identified the 21st UNFCCC Conference of the Parties as an event influencing the political stream and opening a window of opportunity for the enactment of the law for energy transition.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"46 1","pages":"56 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80854998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of discourses in understanding institutional stability and change – an analysis of Dutch flood risk governance","authors":"M. Kaufmann, M. Wiering","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1935222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1935222","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Societies are faced with aggravating environmental challenge. To respond to these challenges with desired institutional changes, we need to understand the processes of institutional stability and change. This paper adds to the literature on institutional dynamics by focusing particularly on the various roles of discourses. It examines the interaction of emerging discourses and pre-existing governance arrangements and their outcomes; not by zooming in on a specific policy concept but by scrutinising the long-term development of a policy domain, namely flood risk governance (FRG) in the Netherlands. Based on an abductive analysis, we created a typology that shows the influence of emerging discourses on stability or change of pre-existing governance arrangements. At the one end of the ideal-typical continuum, the pre-existing arrangement remains relatively unchanged or is even strengthened. At the other end of the continuum, little remains of the pre-existing arrangement, i.e. emerging discourses are institutionalised, substituting existing institutions with new rules or organisations. Between these two extremes, several hybrid types can be identified (e.g. absorbing, merging, layering, weakening). Although there is clear evidence of incremental changes and adjustments in the Dutch FRG, fundamental changes are missing due to the path dependency of the strong hydro-engineering governance arrangement.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"177 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85085256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘But who’s going to pay for it?’ Contemporary approaches to green infrastructure financing, development and governance in London, UK","authors":"Ian Mell","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1931064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1931064","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Green infrastructure (GI) research has grown in prominence as planners, politicians and environmental specialists have promoted its socio-economic and ecological value in urban environments. However, as the pace of growth has continued so has the exploration of how GI can mitigate the impacts of poor air and water quality, promote improved quality of place and support economic prosperity. Unfortunately, investments can be undermined by weak organisational understandings of the financial and societal value of GI. Consequently, we identify a historical reluctance by decision-makers and developers to support GI, partially based on the outdated appreciation of economic-ecological value compared to other built infrastructure. To examine how cities respond this paper discusses GI as a ‘boundary object’ aligning divergent understandings of the ongoing challenges and responsibility for GI funding. Using an examination of public, private and environment sector practice in London (UK), the paper argues that opportunities exist to align alternative funding mechanisms using ‘GI’ to promote cooperation between economically and socio-ecologically focussed stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"165 1","pages":"628 - 645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77729500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pat Barrett, Priya Kurian, Naomi Simmonds, Raven Cretney
{"title":"Explaining reflexive governance through discursive institutionalism: estuarine restoration in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Pat Barrett, Priya Kurian, Naomi Simmonds, Raven Cretney","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1885358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1885358","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper examines an instance of reflexive governance in environmental policy and planning and explains its emergence through a discursive institutional lens. Discursive institutionalist frameworks draw attention to the articulation and institutionalisation of new ideas and the way they produce the objects of governance, powerfully influencing the conceptualisation of problems and solutions, determining who is involved in governance processes and the nature of their interactions, and environmental policy outcomes. We draw on the notion of a discursive institutionalist spiral as a way of understanding the nearly 40-year evolving relationship between ideas, discourses and institutions that have shaped the planning context in an estuary restoration initiative on the east coast of the North Island, New Zealand. The case is based on the analysis of an archive of historical policy, planning and technical documents, and 25 in-depth interviews with participants representing different groups involved in a current restoration initiative. We suggest that the case represents a new degree of reflexivity by the responsible governing authority, that this can be explained by reference to the historical dynamic of discursive and institutional change, and that it indicates the benefits of the interactive and participatory formulation of goals and strategies in environmental governance and management.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"8 1","pages":"332 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80658010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding China’s transition to environmental information transparency: citizens’ protest attitudes and choice behaviours","authors":"Wendy Y. Chen, F. Cho","doi":"10.1080/1523908X.2021.1880314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2021.1880314","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Environmental information transparency signifies a transition from the top-down environmental management towards participatory governance. The cognitive pathways through which environmental information disclosure (EID) can mobilize public support are underinvestigated. This study pioneers in investigating latent links between different EID approaches, citizen’s protest attitudes, and choice behaviours with regard to urban river restoration projects in two Chinese cities with varying levels of environmental information transparency, Guangzhou and Shaoguan (south China). A flexible Hybrid Mixed Logit Model is recruited to analyse responses of choice experiment surveys. Three latent variables are identified: distrust of government, individual environmental responsibility, and environmental information sufficiency. Our results reveal that (1) both EID approaches could not boost respondents’ trust in government, (2) active information access is associated weak individual environmental responsibility and unsupportive decisions, and (3) passive information access could neither equip citizens with information they need nor encourage their supportive decisions. The city-level environmental information transparency might determine the frequency of environmental information access, but cannot change citizens’ choice decisions. We propose to align the mismatch between the environmental information required by the citizens and those disseminated by the relevant governmental authorities, which is crucial to create social trust, enhance individual environmental responsibility, and improve EID efficiency.","PeriodicalId":15699,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning","volume":"16 1","pages":"275 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88925894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}