Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock最新文献

{"title":"Anxiety and Depression after Traumatic Open-Globe Injury.","authors":"Justin Hellman,&nbsp;Bilawal Mahmood,&nbsp;Lily Koo Lin","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_154_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_154_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This cross-sectional interview-based study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of probable anxiety and depression in patients with traumatic open-globe injury and to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression following open-globe injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred and twenty-five patients with open-globe injury were identified at the UC Davis Medical Center between 2008 and 2019. Prisoners and patients under 18 at the time of recruitment were excluded from the study. One hundred and twenty-four patients provided consent to participate in the study, which involved a phone interview and chart review. The interview consisted of a section on sociodemographic data and potential associations followed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, a standardized 14-question survey that has been validated in previous studies as an excellent predictor of anxiety and depression. A score of 8 for anxiety or depression was considered a positive test, and patients with a positive test in either category were advised to seek further evaluation with their primary care doctors. The prevalence of probable anxiety and depression was calculated, and linear regression was used to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age was 50.5 ± 19.2, and 75.8% of patients were male. The anxiety score was positive in 37.9% of patients and the depression score was positive in 28.2%. The mean anxiety and depression scores were 6.3 ± 4.7 and 5.5 ± 4.8, respectively. The <i>P</i> value of the linear regressions for anxiety score and depression score were both < 0.001, with <i>R</i>² = 0.429 and 0.363, respectively. Younger age (<i>P</i> = 0.002) and unemployment at the time of the interview (<i>P</i> = 0.038) were associated with higher anxiety scores. Patients who were bothered by the appearance of their injured eye had higher anxiety scores (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and depression scores (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Patients without a high school diploma had higher depression scores (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Gender, enucleation status, number of people in support network, use of a prosthetic or scleral shell, final logMAR visual acuity, marital status, months since the initial injury, and presence of an intraocular foreign body were not significantly associated with anxiety or depression scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Traumatic open-globe injury is associated with a high prevalence of probable anxiety and depression. Dissatisfaction with the appearance of the injured eye was associated with higher anxiety and depression scores. Younger age and unemployment were associated with increased anxiety scores, and lack of a high school diploma was associated with higher depression scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Ophthalmic Management in Patients with Head-and-Neck Trauma Secondary to Firearms.","authors":"Matthew Allen De Niear,&nbsp;Vincent Duong Tang,&nbsp;Michael Nguyen,&nbsp;Lily Koo Lin","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_165_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_165_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This retrospective cohort study presents the epidemiology of severe firearm-related ophthalmic injury and the level of ophthalmology involvement in the multidisciplinary management of head-and-neck gunshot injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study identified 207 patients with firearm-related injuries involving the head and neck treated at an Academic Tertiary Care Institution from 2010 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ophthalmology consulted on 29% of patients with head-and-neck firearm injuries. At least one of the services managing facial trauma (plastic surgery and otolaryngology) consulted on 71.5% of cases (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Of patients evaluated by ophthalmology, 93.3% survived to discharge; 78.2% of patients who were not evaluated survived to discharge (<i>P</i> = 0.009). Ophthalmology consulted on all patients with open globe injury (10.6%) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), all of which were evaluated by the facial trauma service (<i>P</i> = 0.002), 77.3% by otolaryngology (<i>P</i> = 0.42), 50% by neurosurgery, 36.4% by plastic surgery, 13.6% by orthopedic surgery, and 4.5% by vascular surgery. Ophthalmology consulted on 76.5% of patients with orbital fracture (32.9%) (<i>P</i> < 0.001); 83.8% were evaluated by the facial trauma service (<i>P</i> = 0.006), 69.1% by otolaryngology (<i>P</i> = 0.014), 54.4% by neurosurgery, 27.9% by plastic surgery, 10.3% by orthopedic surgery, and 2.9% by vascular surgery. For patients with orbital fractures, 92.3% survived when ophthalmology was consulted (<i>P</i> = 0.698); 43.8% survived when not consulted (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Firearm-related injuries of the head and neck frequently involve ocular and orbital structures, often causing serious vision-threatening injuries. Multispecialty management is common and early ophthalmology specialist evaluation and co-management are indicated to best identify ophthalmic injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10366439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Department Point-of-Care Tests during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to Predict Cardiac Arrest Outcomes.","authors":"Ghanashyam Timilsina,&nbsp;Ankit Kumar Sahu,&nbsp;Nayer Jamshed,&nbsp;Satish Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Praveen Aggarwal","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_138_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_138_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the role of point-of-care tests (POCT) such as blood lactate, anion gap (AG), base deficit, pH, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and troponin as the predictors of cardiac arrest outcomes in the emergency department (ED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, observational study in the ED of a tertiary care hospital in India. All the adult patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the ED were included in the study. Blood samples were collected within 10 min of initiation of CPR for assay of POCTs. Outcomes assessed were the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), 24-h survival, survival to hospital discharge (STHD), survival at 7 days, and favorable neurological outcome (FNO) at day 7 of admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and fifty-one patients were included in the study (median age: 50 years, 65% males). Out of 151 cases, ROSC, survival at 7 days, STHD, and FNO was observed in 86 patients, six patients, five patients, and two patients, respectively. \"No-ROSC\" could be significantly predicted by raised lactate (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.22) and NT-proBNP (OR: 1.05, 1.01-1.09) values at the time of cardiac arrest. \"24-h mortality\" could be significantly predicted by the raised lactate (OR: 1.14, 1.01-1.28), low arterial pH (OR: 0.05, 0.01-0.52), raised AG (OR: 1.08, 1.01-1.15), and lower base deficit (<-15) (OR: 1.07, 1.01-1.14). None of the other POCTs was found to be a predictor of other cardiac arrest outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among various POCTs, raised lactate assayed within 10 min of cardiac arrest can predict poor outcomes like \"no-ROSC\" and 24-h mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10366444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's New in Emergencies, Trauma and Shock - Embracing Multidisciplinary Approaches for Improved Patient Outcomes in Trauma Care.","authors":"Siju V Abraham","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_62_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_62_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"33-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10381122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Pneumocephalus Induced by Traumatic Vacuum Phenomenon.","authors":"Youichi Yanagawa,&nbsp;Naohide Fujita,&nbsp;Kouhei Ishikawa","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_135_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_135_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"73-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Resuscitation Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ER ECMO) in 60 Saves Life.","authors":"Gowtham Vijayakumar,&nbsp;Ajai Rangasamy,&nbsp;Dhilipan Kumar,&nbsp;Ramesh Varadharajan,&nbsp;Gunaseelan Ramalingam","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_96_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_96_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is one of the most commonly used pesticides worldwide with high mortality rates primarily due to the production of phosphene gas which causes severe mitochondrial damage leading to refractory myocardial depression, refractory hypotension, severe metabolic acidosis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.[1] There is no antidote for ALP poisoning and treatment remains mainly supportive. The available literature shows a favorable outcome with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in severely intoxicated patients presenting early with cardiovascular collapse. In this study, we describe an adult male who presented to us with ALP poisoning following deliberate self-harm, was put on ECMO in the emergency room and had a good prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"66-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Systemic Embolization Associated with Chest Compression in a Patient with Cardiac Arrest.","authors":"Kazuki Miyatani,&nbsp;Ikuto Takeuchi,&nbsp;Wataru Fujita,&nbsp;Youichi Yanagawa","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_128_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_128_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The patient was an 80-year-old woman with chronic atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure, cerebellar infarction, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, who suddenly collapsed while playing gateball outdoors. The doctor at a nearby clinic doctor found her in a state of cardiopulmonary arrest and started basic life support. Twelve minutes after discovery, spontaneous circulation returned. On arrival, she was in a deep coma state with atrial fibrillation-related tachycardia. A physical examination revealed pulseless right radial and left popliteal arteries with cyanosis. Whole-body-enhanced computed tomography and head magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple ischemic organs. Taken together, it was considered that a massive-free thrombus from the left atrium, which was caused by atrial fibrillation, had first obstructed the left ventricular outflow tract, resulting in cardiac arrest. Then, the thrombus had been scattered throughout the body by chest compression. Her condition was judged to be irreversible and she died on day 3. This is the first reported case of multiple systemic embolization associated with chest compression in a patient with cardiac arrest. This unique case adds one more cause to the list of the documented etiologies of complications caused by chest compression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"68-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Isolated Right Lung Edema and Liver Injury Induced by High Altitude.","authors":"Ikuto Takeuchi,&nbsp;Ken-Ichi Muramatsu,&nbsp;Soichiro Ota,&nbsp;Youichi Yanagawa","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_139_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_139_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"71-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10388251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Evaluating the Albumin-to-globulin Ratio in Investigating the Etiology of Severe Hypokalemia.","authors":"Ikuto Takeuchi,&nbsp;Youichi Yanagawa,&nbsp;Soichiro Ota,&nbsp;Ken-Ichi Muramatsu,&nbsp;Yusuke Taniguchi,&nbsp;Nobuaki Kiriu,&nbsp;Tetsuro Kiyozumi","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_19_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"72-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Solid Organ Injury Patients Requiring Blood Transfusion, Hemostatic Procedures are Associated with Improved Survival Over Observation.","authors":"Jessicah A Respicio,&nbsp;John Culhane","doi":"10.4103/jets.jets_146_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jets.jets_146_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Selective nonoperative management (NOM) is the standard of care for blunt solid organ injury (SOI). Hemodynamic instability is a contraindication for NOM, but it is unclear whether the need for blood transfusion should be a criterion for instability. This study looks at the outcome of blood-transfused SOI patients to determine whether NOM is safe for this group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study using the National Trauma Data Bank years 2017 through 2019. We selected patients with blunt liver, spleen, and kidney injuries. Within this group, we compared the mortality for those managed with NOM versus the hemostatic procedures of laparotomy and angioembolization. Significance for univariate analysis is tested with Chi-square for categorical variables. Multivariate analysis is performed with Cox proportional hazards regression with time-dependent covariate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>108,718 (3.5%) patients for the years 2017 through 2019 had a SOI. 20,569 (18.9%) of these received at least one unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) within the first 4 h. Of the SOI patients who received blood, 8264 (40.2%) underwent laparotomy only, 2924 (14.2%) underwent embolization only, and 1119 (5.4%) underwent both procedures. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of death for transfused SOI patients who underwent laparotomy only, embolization only, and both procedures are 0.93 (<i>P</i> = not significant), 0.27 (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and 0.48 (<i>P</i> < 0.001), respectively. The ORs of death with laparotomy for patients receiving >1 through 4 units are 0.87, 0.78, 0.75, and 0.72, respectively (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01 for all). For embolization, the ORs are 0.27, 0.30, 0.30, and 0.30, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laparotomy is independently associated with survival for patients who receive >1 unit of PRBCs. Angioembolization is independently associated with survival for the entire cohort, including transfused patients. Given the protective association of laparotomy in the blood-transfused SOI group, need for blood transfusion should be considered a meaningful index of instability and a relative indication for laparotomy. The protective association with angioembolization supports current practices for angioembolization of high-risk patients in the transfused and nontransfused groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock","volume":"16 2","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10366441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}