Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor discontinuation on anxiety-like behaviours in mice","authors":"H. Collins, R. Pinacho, D. Ozdemir, D. Bannerman, T. Sharp","doi":"10.1177/02698811221093032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221093032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abrupt cessation of therapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is associated with a discontinuation syndrome, typified by numerous disabling symptoms, including anxiety. Surprisingly, little is known of the behavioural effect of SSRI discontinuation in animals. Aim: Here, the effect of SSRI discontinuation on anxiety-like behaviour was systematically investigated in mice. Methods: Experiments were based on a three-arm experimental design comprising saline, continued SSRI and discontinued SSRI. Mice were assessed 2 days after SSRI discontinuation over a 5-day period using the elevated plus maze (EPM) and other anxiety tests. Results: An exploratory experiment found cessation of paroxetine (12 days) was associated with decreased open-arm exploration and reduced total distance travelled, in male but not female mice. Follow-up studies confirmed a discontinuation effect on the EPM in male mice after paroxetine (12 days) and also citalopram (12 days). Mice receiving continued paroxetine (but not citalopram) also showed decreased open-arm exploration but this was dissociable from the effects of discontinuation. The discontinuation response to paroxetine did not strengthen after 28 days of treatment but was absent after 7 days of treatment. A discontinuation response was not discernible in other anxiety and fear-learning tests applied 3–5 days after treatment cessation. Finally, discontinuation effects on the EPM were typically associated with decreased locomotion on the test. However, separate locomotor testing implicated anxiety-provoked behavioural inhibition rather than a general reduction in motor activity. Conclusion: Overall, this study provides evidence for a short-lasting behavioural discontinuation response to cessation of SSRI treatment in mice.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133754692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrous oxide–induced reproductive risks: Should recreational nitrous oxide users worry?","authors":"J. V. van Amsterdam, W. van den Brink","doi":"10.1177/02698811221077194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221077194","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a frequently used anaesthetic. Since the year 2000, recreational use of N2O, also known as ‘laughing gas’, became popular as a recreational drug due to its mild psychedelic effect. In the 1980s, several reports warned against N2O-induced reproductive risks among healthcare personnel, questioning the occupational safety of N2O in health care. Methods: Data about the reproductive risks of N2O were collected from literature. Results: Particularly in the past, professionals working in dental and midwifery practices, operating theatres and ambulance transport were exposed to high levels of N2O. Adverse reproduction effects included congenital anomalies, spontaneous abortion and reduced fertility rates in females. Following occupational measures, like maximal exposure limits for ambient N2O, this occupational risk was considerably reduced. Recreational users of N2O, however, voluntarily and repeatedly expose themselves to (very) high doses of N2O. As such, they exceed the health exposure limits some hundred times, but they are fully unaware of the related reproductive risks. Conclusion: We advocate to increase the awareness in recreational N2O-users about its potential reproductive risks, especially in heavy users, pregnant users or those who intend to become pregnant.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116005934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of vortioxetine in patients with major depressive disorder comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder: Results of the RECONNECT study","authors":"M. C. Christensen, S. Schmidt, I. Grande","doi":"10.1177/02698811221090627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221090627","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are frequently comorbid. Aims: To assess the effectiveness of vortioxetine in patients with MDD and comorbid GAD. Methods: Open-label, 8-week study (NCT04220996) in 100 adult outpatients with severe MDD and severe comorbid GAD receiving vortioxetine as first treatment for the current depressive episode or switching to vortioxetine due to inadequate response to another drug for depression. Vortioxetine starting dosage was 10 mg/day, with forced up-titration to 20 mg/day after 1 week. Response was defined as ⩾50% decrease in Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and/or Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) total score from baseline; remission defined as MADRS and/or HAM-A total score ⩽10. Results: Clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements from baseline in symptoms of depression and anxiety, and overall functioning and health-related quality of life, were observed after 8 weeks’ vortioxetine treatment (all changes p < 0.0001 vs baseline). At week 8, rates of MADRS response and remission were 61% and 35%, respectively. Corresponding rates of HAM-A response and remission were 55% and 42%. Response on both the MADRS and HAM-A scales was achieved by 52% of patients; 31% achieved remission on both scales. Vortioxetine dose up-titration was well tolerated; no unexpected adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Vortioxetine demonstrates effectiveness in significantly reducing symptoms of both depression and anxiety in patients with severe MDD comorbid with severe GAD. Findings support increasing vortioxetine dosage to 20 mg/day early in the course of therapy, and show that this may be achieved without compromising tolerability.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127329590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of intranasal esketamine on on-road driving performance in patients with major depressive disorder or persistent depressive disorder.","authors":"Francis M Dijkstra,&nbsp;Aurora Jae van de Loo,&nbsp;Smedra Abdulahad,&nbsp;Else R Bosma,&nbsp;Mitch Hartog,&nbsp;Hendrikje Huls,&nbsp;Dianne C Kuijper,&nbsp;Esther de Vries,&nbsp;Bhavna Solanki,&nbsp;Jaskaran Singh,&nbsp;Leah Aluisio,&nbsp;Peter Zannikos,&nbsp;Frederik E Stuurman,&nbsp;Gabriël E Jacobs,&nbsp;Joris C Verster","doi":"10.1177/02698811221078764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221078764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intranasal esketamine demonstrates rapid improvement of depressive symptoms. However, transient adverse effects (dissociation, sedation and dizziness) may occur, which could impact driving performance.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the effects of 84 mg intranasal esketamine on driving performance in unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) or persistent depressive disorder (PDD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study consisted of two parts. Part A was a single-blind, double-dummy, randomized three-period, cross-over study to compare effects of esketamine versus placebo on next morning driving, 18 ± 2 h post-treatment. Alcohol was administered to demonstrate assay sensitivity. In Part B, same-day driving, 6 ± 0.5 hours post-treatment, was assessed during twice weekly esketamine administration for 3 weeks. Twenty-seven patients with mild-to-moderate MDD or PDD without psychotic features completed a 100 km on-the-road driving test on a public highway in normal traffic. The primary outcome was standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP; cm; weaving of car).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Part A, alcohol impaired driving performance compared to placebo: Least-square means (95% CI), <i>p</i>-value for delta SDLP (cm) compared with placebo: (ΔSDLP = + 1.83 (1.03; 2.62), <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas esketamine did not: (ΔSDLP = -0.23 (-1.04; 0.58), <i>p</i> = 0.572). In Part B, weekly driving tests showed no differences between placebo baseline SDLP and after esketamine administration over 3 weeks: Day 11: (ΔSDLP = -0.96 (-3.72; 1.81), <i>p</i> = 0.493), Day 18: (ΔSDLP = -0.56 (-3.33; 2.20), <i>p</i> = 0.686) and Day 25: (ΔSDLP = -1.05 (-3.82; 1.71), <i>p</i> = 0.451).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, esketamine did not impair on-road driving performance the next morning following a single dose, or on same day after repeated administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"614-625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9112620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39671702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antidepressant effect and safety of non-intranasal esketamine: A systematic review","authors":"S. Smith-Apeldoorn, Maurice Vischjager, J. Veraart, J. Kamphuis, M. aan het Rot, R. Schoevers","doi":"10.1177/02698811221084055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221084055","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The introduction of esketamine into the field of psychiatry comes on the heels of excitement from studies on racemic ketamine. While the intranasal route has been the most studied to date, other modes of administration of esketamine may also be of interest in the management of depression. Aims: To systematically review the literature on non-intranasal esketamine for depression in terms of its antidepressant effect and safety. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from inception up to February 2021. Search terms included a combination of Medical Subject Headings and text words indicative of esketamine and depression. We selected both controlled and uncontrolled studies examining non-intranasal esketamine for the treatment of depression. Results: We identified four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on intravenous esketamine and 15 open-label studies on intravenous (n = 80), subcutaneous (n = 73), and oral (n = 5) esketamine. We found intravenous, subcutaneous, and possibly oral administration of esketamine to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in most patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar depression, and (severe) treatment-resistant depression. Clinical response to repeated administration of esketamine persisted over the course of treatment. Esketamine was well tolerated by most patients, but open-label data indicate marked psychotomimetic symptoms in exceptional cases. The overall quality of the controlled studies was considered high, the overall quality of the uncontrolled studies low to moderate. Conclusions: Intravenous, subcutaneous, and possibly oral esketamine may offer an effective and safe addition to the depression treatment armamentarium. However, as most included studies lacked a control group and had small sample sizes, the quality of our results is limited. Different types and formulations of ketamine remain to be compared directly.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115749355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on memory functioning in older adults: A systematic literature review","authors":"J. Schulkens, K. Deckers, Maud Jenniskens, A. Blokland, F. Verhey, S. Sobczak","doi":"10.1177/02698811221080462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221080462","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed to older adults. In contrast to young subjects, it is unclear whether older adults may be vulnerable to cognitive side effects. Serotonin is involved in cognitive functions (e.g. memory). It is of great importance to examine the effects of SSRIs on memory functioning in older adults. Objectives: The objective of this systematic literature review is to summarize studies in which the effects of SSRI treatment on all aspects of memory functioning in older adults are investigated. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Embase were searched for all studies published until 18th of October 2021. Articles were included if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) study design is (randomized) controlled trial, cross-sectional, or prospective cohort study; (2) study population consists of older adults (mean age ⩾65 years), or results for this age-group are reported separately; (3) intervention is use of an SSRI; and (4) effects on performance of any memory domain are measured and clearly described. Results: The search yielded 1888 articles, of which 136 were included for the full-text review. Eventually, 40 articles were included. Most studies reported no association between SSRI use and memory functioning. The studies that found a positive association mainly investigated older adults with mental or neurological disorders (e.g. depression or stroke). A few studies found a negative association in the following subgroups: non-responders (depression), patients with frontal brain disease, and women. Conclusion: Overall, no consistent negative effects of SSRIs on memory functioning in older adults were found after SSRI treatment. Most studies reported no change in memory functioning after SSRI use. Some studies even showed an improvement in memory performance. Positive effects of SSRIs on memory functioning were especially found in older adults with mental or neurological disorders, such as subjects with depression or stroke.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115419282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient perspectives of lithium and quetiapine augmentation treatment in treatment-resistant depression: A qualitative assessment","authors":"Lucas McKeown, R. Taylor, E. Day, Rupal Shah, L. Marwood, Helena Tee, Jess Kerr-Gaffney, E. Oprea, J. Geddes, R. H. McAllister-Williams, A. Young, A. Cleare","doi":"10.1177/02698811221089042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221089042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has a profound cost to patients and healthcare services worldwide. Pharmacological augmentation is one therapeutic option for TRD, with lithium and quetiapine currently recommended as first-line agents. Patient opinions about pharmacological augmentation may affect treatment outcomes, yet these have not been systematically explored. Aims: This study aimed to qualitatively assess patient experiences of lithium and quetiapine augmentation. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 patients from the ongoing lithium versus quetiapine open-label trial comparing these augmentation agents in patients with TRD. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and a thematic analysis was used to assess patient opinions of each agent. Results: Four main themes were generated from the thematic analysis: ‘Initial concerns’, ‘Experience of side effects’, ‘Perception of treatment efficacy’ and ‘Positive perception of treatment monitoring’. Patient accounts indicated a predominantly positive experience of lithium and quetiapine augmentation. Greater apprehension about side effects was reported for lithium prior to treatment initiation, but greater experience of negative side effects was reported for quetiapine. Clinical monitoring was perceived positively. Conclusion: Patient accounts suggested treatment augmentation with lithium or quetiapine was acceptable and helpful for most patients. However, anticipation and experiences of adverse side effects may prevent some patients from benefitting from these treatments.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117066794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catechol-O-methyltransferase activity does not influence emotional processing in men","authors":"M. Martens, Nina Dalton, J. Scaife, C. Harmer, P. Harrison, E. Tunbridge","doi":"10.1177/02698811221089032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221089032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) regulates cortical dopaminergic transmission and prefrontal-dependent cognitive function. However, its role in other cognitive processes, including emotional processing, is relatively unexplored. We therefore investigated the separate and interactive influences of COMT inhibition and Val158Met (rs4680) genotype on performance on an emotional test battery. Methods: We recruited 74 healthy men homozygous for the functional COMT Val158Met polymorphism. Volunteers were administered either a single 200 mg dose of the brain-penetrant COMT inhibitor tolcapone or placebo in a double-blind, randomised manner. Emotional processing was assessed using the emotional test battery, and mood was rated using visual analogue scales and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire across the test day. Results: There were no main or interactive effects of Val158Met genotype or tolcapone on any of the emotional processing measures or mood ratings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that, at least in healthy adult men, COMT has little or no effect on emotional processing or mood. These findings contrast with several neuroimaging studies that suggest that COMT modulates neural activity during emotional processing. Thus, further studies are required to understand how COMT impacts on the relationship between behavioural output and neural activity during emotional processing. Nevertheless, our data suggest that novel COMT inhibitors under development for treating cognitive dysfunction are unlikely to have acute off target effects on emotional behaviours.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114347211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of depression among older people with hypertension","authors":"T. V. van Sloten, P. Souverein, C. Stehouwer, J. Driessen","doi":"10.1177/02698811221082470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221082470","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), commonly used antihypertensive drugs, may have a protective effect against depression in older individuals, but evidence in humans is limited. Aims: We evaluated the risk of depression, among older individuals with hypertension, comparing ACE or ARB initiators to thiazide(-like) diuretic initiators. Thiazide(-like) diuretics were used as control because these drugs are not associated with mood disorders. Methods: We used a propensity score-matched new user cohort design with routinely collected data from general practices in England from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database. We matched 12,938 pairs of new users of ACEIs/ARBs and thiazide(-like) diuretics with hypertension (mean age 67.6 years; 54.7% women). Follow-up time started on the date of drug initiation and ended on the date of treatment discontinuation plus 30 days, or switch to a comparator, occurrence of a study event, death, date of patient’s transfer out of practice, or end of the study period. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of treated depression and nonfatal and fatal self-harm. Results/outcomes: Compared to the thiazide(-like) diuretic group, ACEIs/ARBs use was not associated with a lower risk of the primary outcome (hazard ratio 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.79; 1.15)). Results did not differ according to lipophilicity, duration of use, and average daily dose, or class (ACEIs or ARBs). Conclusions/Interpretation: New use of ACEIs or ARBs is not associated with a lower risk of depression among individuals with hypertension.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125857317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse experiences resulting in emergency medical treatment seeking following the use of magic mushrooms","authors":"Emma I Kopra, J. Ferris, A. Winstock, A. Young, J. Rucker","doi":"10.1177/02698811221084063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221084063","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psilocybin-containing mushrooms are used for recreational, spiritual, self-development and therapeutic purposes. However, physiologically relatively nontoxic, adverse reactions are occasionally reported. Aims: This study investigated the 12-month prevalence and nature of magic mushroom-related adverse reactions resulting in emergency medical treatment seeking in a global sample of people reporting magic mushroom use. Methods: We use data from the 2017 Global Drug Survey – a large anonymous online survey on patterns of drug use conducted between November 2016 and January 2017. Results: Out of 9233 past year magic mushroom users, 19 (0.2%) reported having sought emergency medical treatment, with a per-event risk estimate of 0.06%. Young age was the only predictor associated with higher risk of emergency medical presentations. The most common symptoms were psychological, namely anxiety/panic and paranoia/suspiciousness. Poor ‘mindset’, poor ‘setting’ and mixing substances were most reported reasons for incidents. All but one respondent returned back to normality within 24 h. Conclusions: The results confirm psilocybin mushrooms are a relatively safe drug, with serious incidents rare and short lasting. Providing harm-reduction information likely plays a key role in preventing adverse effects. More research is needed to examine the detailed circumstances and predictors of adverse reactions including rarer physiological reactions.","PeriodicalId":156490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125248206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}