Journal of Composite Materials最新文献_第9页

Numerically assisted calibration procedure of nonlinear in-plane shear properties of unidirectional composite laminae based on off-axis tensile experiments 基于离轴拉伸实验的单向复合材料层板非线性面内剪切特性数值辅助校准程序

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241241771

László Kovács, Gábor Romhány

{"title":"Numerically assisted calibration procedure of nonlinear in-plane shear properties of unidirectional composite laminae based on off-axis tensile experiments","authors":"László Kovács, Gábor Romhány","doi":"10.1177/00219983241241771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241241771","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel methodology is presented to evaluate the true nonlinear shear response of continuous fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) unidirectional laminae. It requires simple off-axis tensile experiments to be conducted and a finite element (FE) representation of them with a material constitutive law capable of handling nonlinearity in shear. Upon successful evaluation of the normal stiffness properties, the shear stress-strain response is derived via numerical calibration of the underlying FE models. The presented approach is also demonstrated by processing the raw data of an extensive material characterization test campaign conducted on a thermoplastic matrix CFRP. The outcome is compared to the conventional methods for shear response derivation using relevant standards such as ASTM D3518 and ASTM D5379. It has been successfully demonstrated that the pseudo-hardening phenomenon obtained from standard shear experiments as a result of fibers aligning with load direction can be eliminated with off-axis specimen tension experiments, thus, the true shear stress versus deformation response can be extracted up to failure. The main purpose of current work is to demonstrate the inconsistency in the available standard methods related to mechanical testing-based derivation of nonlinear in-plane shear behavior of UD plies. In addition, a novel technique is presented to achieve a more accurate prediction of nonlinear shear stress and strain along the entire representative loading range that contributes to more accurate simulations of composite parts up to failure and thus, better strength predictions.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140303173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of resin properties on toughness translation in interleaved composites 树脂特性对交错复合材料韧性平移的影响

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241242453

Mohanad Idrees, Giuseppe R. Palmese, Nicolas J. Alvarez

{"title":"The effect of resin properties on toughness translation in interleaved composites","authors":"Mohanad Idrees, Giuseppe R. Palmese, Nicolas J. Alvarez","doi":"10.1177/00219983241242453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241242453","url":null,"abstract":"Interleaving is a well-recognized method for enhancing the interlaminar fracture toughness of composite materials. However, theoretical toughness is often not realized since cracks tend to propagate through regions of lower toughness. While most studies have focused on the effect of interleaf properties, e.g., thickness and interleaf resin properties, on composite interlaminar fracture toughness, the effect of matrix resin properties on interleaved composite toughness has been overlooked. Recently, we hypothesized that there is a relationship between toughness translation and the ratio of matrix to interleaf resin toughness. In this work, we use additive manufacturing to test this hypothesis with a range of resins in interleaved composite. Toughness is quantified via mode I delamination resistance. Our results confirm our hypothesis that the ratio of matrix to interleaf resin fracture toughness, i.e., the ratio of [Formula: see text], is directly correlated to the degree of toughness translation. More specifically, a ratio of approximately 0.5 is required for effective interleaving; below 0.5, the toughness translation is significantly below the theoretical value. This approach has important implications for the design and fabrication of tough composites via choice of resins.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and characterization of a through-air thermobonding process with high heating rate for activating the binder and producing preforms for fibre-reinforced polymers 开发高加热率空气热粘合工艺并确定其特性，该工艺用于活化粘合剂和生产纤维增强聚合物预制件

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241238652

Sven Hellmann, Thomas Gereke, Wolfgang Truemper, Chokri Cherif

{"title":"Development and characterization of a through-air thermobonding process with high heating rate for activating the binder and producing preforms for fibre-reinforced polymers","authors":"Sven Hellmann, Thomas Gereke, Wolfgang Truemper, Chokri Cherif","doi":"10.1177/00219983241238652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241238652","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the development of an advanced high heating rate thermobonding process for the manufacture of preforms and the metrological characterisation of the process. The process involves passing hot air, driven by pressure differential, through a textile stack consisting of several plies of a quadraxial fabric coated with a binder. Heat is transferred into the stack and into the binder by forced convection, melting the binder. The process is used in the same way to cool the stack and binder so that the plies are bonded together. The pressure differential compacts the stack. The comprehensive methodological characterisation of the process includes first determining the air permeability of the stack and thus the volume flow of air as a function of the number of plies stacked. Further characterisation focuses on a comprehensive determination of the heating behaviour in the individual plies as a function of time, using thermocouples and thermal imaging to determine the temperatures of hot air and textiles. These are compared and related using a mathematical approach as different values have been found. The results indicate high heating rates, reducing process time by at least 85% compared to previous binder activation methods. In addition, the cantilever method assesses the flexural stiffness of the processed stacks and shows a twofold improvement in bond strength compared to uncompacted stacks. Results and discussions include orifice based volume flow determination, thermography calibration, mathematical modelling, stiffness of bonded textile plies, process comparison, process control and potential energy savings.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-line monitoring of cryogenic three-point bending test of fiber-reinforced composites using acoustic emission 利用声发射对纤维增强复合材料的低温三点弯曲试验进行在线监测

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241242898

Björn Maack

{"title":"In-line monitoring of cryogenic three-point bending test of fiber-reinforced composites using acoustic emission","authors":"Björn Maack","doi":"10.1177/00219983241242898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241242898","url":null,"abstract":"Remotely in-line monitored acoustic emission (AE) of interlaminar shear strength tests in a 3-point bending test of fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRP) conducted under cryogenic conditions in liquid nitrogen (LN2) were studied. The AE sensors were reversibly mounted at the outer components of the testing machine to thermally decouple them from the cryogenic area and use AE signal transmission through the testing machine structure as a waveguide. The damage mechanisms and effect of the cryogenic temperature were studied at 296 K room temperature (RT) and in LN2 at 77 K, considering machine and process noises. The correlation of machine data with acoustics and the AE hit analysis revealed matrix cracking as the most frequent damage mechanism under both conditions but with different failure mechanisms. At RT and applying higher loads, the most damage suddenly occurred, and the specimen failed. In LN2, the damage occurred continuously from the beginning of testing. The amount of fiber failure increased, and the AE feature ranges enlarged. This study presents a method by AE for remote monitoring the mechanical response of FRP in cryogenic fluids such as liquid hydrogen. The method provides a new approach to support the more efficient development of FRP materials for storage vessel structures and structural health monitoring systems.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the bending test properties of bio-composites strengthened with fibers through a combination of experimental and modeling approaches 通过实验和建模相结合的方法考察纤维增强生物复合材料的弯曲测试特性

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241240819

Khalissa Saada, Chouki Farsi, Salah Amroune, Mohamed Fnides, Moussa Zaoui, Hocine Heraiz

{"title":"Examining the bending test properties of bio-composites strengthened with fibers through a combination of experimental and modeling approaches","authors":"Khalissa Saada, Chouki Farsi, Salah Amroune, Mohamed Fnides, Moussa Zaoui, Hocine Heraiz","doi":"10.1177/00219983241240819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241240819","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the relationship between natural fiber filling density (10%, 15%, 25%) and its impact on the bending properties of polymer compounds reinforced with Diss, Sisal and Luffa fibers. Using advanced techniques like fiber analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), the research reveals that a 25% filling density results in the highest stress values (25.61 MPa, 22.21 MPa and 20.88 MPa) for Diss, Sisal and Luffa compounds, respectively, fostering robust bonds in Diss-reinforced polymers. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model demonstrates superior predictive capability with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 for stress and displacement, outperforming Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) underscores the impact of sample section parameters and fiber rate on stress, establishing the significance of type parameters and fiber rate on displacement. This integration of ANN and RSM represents a paradigm shift in predicting bending mechanical properties, advancing our understanding of composite materials for innovative applications.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140153355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of imperfect bonding on stress distribution in fibrous composites 不完全粘合对纤维复合材料应力分布的影响

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241241497

Parvaneh Kheirkhah Barzoki, Tianyi Hua, Ouli Fu, Yasser Gowayed

{"title":"The effect of imperfect bonding on stress distribution in fibrous composites","authors":"Parvaneh Kheirkhah Barzoki, Tianyi Hua, Ouli Fu, Yasser Gowayed","doi":"10.1177/00219983241241497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241241497","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt was made to map the distribution of stress in fibrous composites with imperfect bonding. Two analytical micro-mechanics models were developed. In the first model, the composite was subjected to axial tensile loading, parallel to the fiber direction, and the assumption of iso-strain was employed to derive the control equations. In the second model, the composite was loaded in the direction transverse to the fiber. An iso-stress condition was employed, and Airy stress function was utilized to articulate the stress and displacement equations. An assumption of how the stress is transferred between the matrix and the fiber was introduced in both models. To investigate and validate the models, specimens were fabricated using a carbon plain weave fabric and a geopolymer matrix. Single fiber pullout and three-point bending tests were carried out. The maximum average tensile stress obtained from the three-point bending tests, as well as the mechanical properties of the fiber and geopolymer, served as input for the models. Results indicate that the effect of the level of bonding is very high in the transverse direction while almost negligible in the axial direction. The difference in the maximum value of the axial tensile stress at the fiber-matrix interface was used to calculate the numerical value of the interfacial shear strength, and the numerical result matched the data obtained from the single fiber pullout test.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140153285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short-term oxidation and residual compression properties of needle-punched carbon/carbon composites 针刺碳/碳复合材料的短期氧化和残余压缩性能

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241241119

Meng Han, Zhichao Wang, Xingyu Zhang, Yang Ni, Weixin Ma, Ge Qi, Xiujing Han, Vadim V. Silberschmidt, Chuwei Zhou

{"title":"Short-term oxidation and residual compression properties of needle-punched carbon/carbon composites","authors":"Meng Han, Zhichao Wang, Xingyu Zhang, Yang Ni, Weixin Ma, Ge Qi, Xiujing Han, Vadim V. Silberschmidt, Chuwei Zhou","doi":"10.1177/00219983241241119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241241119","url":null,"abstract":"Needle-punched carbon/carbon (NP C/C) composite is widely used in rocket-engine nozzles and re-entry vehicles. Recyclable technology expedited the research on repeated oxidation and residual mechaincal properties of thermal-protection materials. In this study, the critical longitudinal compression strengths before and after oxidation are derived based on the Timoshenko beam theory. Three repetitions of short-term oxidation cycles and compression experiments are investigated. The average oxidation rate of this composite was 5∼6% in 10 min and kept linear increase. In-plane and out-of-plane compressive strengths of NP C/C composite diminish quasi-linearly due to oxidation at 1000°C, with their moduli decreasing in a periodically slow-sharp pattern. After three oxidation cycles, the levels of residual in-plane modulus and strength were 55.20% and 56.89%, respectively, while the resudual out-of-plane modulus and strength were 44.65% and 47.23%, respectively. The results showed that the material exhibited the pesudo-plastical behaviour after oxidation, cracks grew along the punched conical structures formed by the punching technology. In-plane and out-of-plane modulus were more sensitive than their strengths after first oxidation cycle.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fracture mechanism of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite laminates under compression after impact 碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料层压板在冲击后压缩条件下的断裂机理

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241240622

Yoshiko Nagumo, Miyu Hamanaka, Keiichi Shirasu, Kazuki Ryuzono, Akinori Yoshimura, Hironori Tohmyoh, Tomonaga Okabe

{"title":"Fracture mechanism of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite laminates under compression after impact","authors":"Yoshiko Nagumo, Miyu Hamanaka, Keiichi Shirasu, Kazuki Ryuzono, Akinori Yoshimura, Hironori Tohmyoh, Tomonaga Okabe","doi":"10.1177/00219983241240622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241240622","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoplastic carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) are increasingly utilized in the aerospace industry owing to their beneficial properties and enhanced formability relative to thermoset CFRPs. Despite the extensive use of these materials, studies focusing on compression after impact (CAI) tests with impact energies exceeding 20 J for thermoplastic CFRPs remain scarce. This study examines CAI tests on quasi-isotropic laminates of thermoplastic CFRP, subjected to a low-velocity impact energy of 27.04 J. For comparison, quasi-isotropic laminates of thermoset CFRP were subjected to a low-velocity impact energy of 36.5 J. These tests reveal that the CAI strength of both materials is comparable, notwithstanding the lower fiber volume fraction in the thermoplastic CFRP. Further, this research incorporates a finite element (FE) analysis to investigate the damage mechanisms in thermoplastic CFRP. The FE model, integrating interlaminar damage observed during the impact tests, accurately predicted the relationship between compressive stress and strain, correlating closely with the experimental outcomes. It was observed that both interlaminar and intralaminar damage propagation were constrained until the point of maximum compressive stress. Prior to reaching this maximum, a region of elevated compressive stress in the fiber direction was noted in the 0° layer near the non-impacted side. These findings indicate that the compressive stress in the fiber direction in the 0° layer adjacent to the non-impacted side is pivotal in dictating the final failure, which determines the CAI strength of thermoplastic CFRP laminates.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural and nonlinear J-integral fracture toughness for nanoclay toughened ternary HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS blend nanocomposites 纳米粘土增韧三元高密度聚乙烯/低密度聚乙烯-g-MA/ABS 共混纳米复合材料的结构韧性和非线性 J 积分断裂韧性

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241240468

Mushtaq Albdiry

{"title":"Structural and nonlinear J-integral fracture toughness for nanoclay toughened ternary HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS blend nanocomposites","authors":"Mushtaq Albdiry","doi":"10.1177/00219983241240468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241240468","url":null,"abstract":"High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a higher strength-to-density ratio and stiffness but a low branching degree for the packed linear chains that restrict the ability to bond and resist cracking. This study conducts the role of inserting rigid nanoclay (NC) and soft acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) on the structural, nonlinear fracture toughness and crack resistance of a ternary HDPE/low-density polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydrite (LDPE-g-MA)/ABS blend. Varying additions of 1, 3, 5, and 7 % NC and 5, 10, 15 wt. % ABS were inserted into neat HDPE and HDPE90/LDPE-g-MA10. All materials were hand-mixed before feeding into a single screw extruder and directly melt-blended twice to achieve a good dispersion of nanofiller in the matrix. The structural characteristics and the fracture surfaces of NC/HDPE/LDPE-g-MA and NC/HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS were investigated by TEM, XRD, SEM, and FTIR spectra. Tensile strength and the critical dissipated energy (JIc) determined by quasi-static J-integral fracture mechanic revealed a higher absorbing fracture energy of 75 KJ/m2 for the binary and 85 KJ/m2 for the ternary nanocomposites. The synergistic percolated role of the NC particles and ABS copolymer in front of the crack tip region hinders crack growth for the presence of micro-void coalescence and massive shear-yielding toughening mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140107246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure, performance, and crystallization behavior of Turkey leonardite and raw kaolin added polylactic acid composite films 土耳其芒硝和添加聚乳酸的生高岭土复合薄膜的结构、性能和结晶行为

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Journal of Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/00219983241240628

İbrahim Şen

{"title":"Structure, performance, and crystallization behavior of Turkey leonardite and raw kaolin added polylactic acid composite films","authors":"İbrahim Şen","doi":"10.1177/00219983241240628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241240628","url":null,"abstract":"Polylactic acid (PLA) film composites filled with two clays, Raw Kaolin (KAO), an inorganic structure, and Leonardite (LEO), an organic structure, as well as KAO/LEO mixtures, were prepared via solvent casting method. The main aim of this research was to investigate both the individual and the synergetic effects of LEO and KAO; they are incorporated together into a PLA matrix. The influence of these fillers content on the morphological and structural characteristics of the composites was investigated by the DSC, TGA, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, color, haze, and opacity analysis. According to the TGA analysis, significant decreases in Tmax2 were observed with the addition of LEO in PLA. It is also seen in films with KAO/LEO that support this result. Utilizing the solvent casting method, two melting points were formed in PLA films. The P0 film has lower Tg, Tcc, and Tm1 values than other films. However, there were small changes in Tg and Tm2 values in all films. Up to 7.5% amount of LEO and KAO, the mechanical properties of the films improved. The 3L film exhibited the best mechanical properties. The filler materials used were mostly homogeneously distributed, according to the SEM analysis, and as the amount increased, agglomerations were observed in the fillings on the surface. The addition of LEO and KAO changed the surface color, visual appearance, and opacity significantly. The haze values of films are near 100. These film composites have been shown to improve many properties of the P0 film.","PeriodicalId":15489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composite Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140116325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0