Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Acute Liver Failure with Determinate rather than Indeterminate Etiology Facilitates Therapy and May Avoid Liver Transplantation: A Critical Analysis.","authors":"Rolf Teschke, Axel Eickhoff","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00203","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute liver failure (ALF) is a disorder with various etiologies. Although the causes leading to this disruptive condition are well documented in published ALF cohorts, there is significant concern among patients who experience ALF with indeterminate causes, an issue requiring thorough analysis. This review aimed to analyze cohort studies on ALF with a focus on unknown causes leading to classification as indeterminate ALF. The analysis revealed that, among 67 worldwide adult and pediatric ALF cohorts, indeterminate causes of ALF ranged from 2% to 100%, with an average of 30%. Among the 13 pediatric ALF cohorts, the corresponding range was 22% to 100%, with an average of 47%, while among the 55 adult ALF cohorts, the range was 2% to 78%, with an average of 26%. The percentage values were higher in pediatric cohorts due to the higher incidence of rare genetic causes compared to adult patients. Notably, higher rates of indeterminate causes were found in cohorts studied before the availability of diagnostic serologic screening parameters and polymerase chain reaction techniques for various hepatitis virus infections. Patients with indeterminate ALF may not have received a specific treatment that, if effective, could have helped prevent liver transplantation. It is concluded that, in future cases, all efforts must be undertaken to clearly establish the cause of severe liver injury, enabling effective therapy when available and helping reduce the risk of progression to ALF and the need for liver transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"693-700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orphan Nuclear Receptors in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Development.","authors":"Huan Li, Jian Chen, Ziyin Huang, Mingkai Chen","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00019","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, representing a spectrum of liver disorders from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic liver conditions globally, affecting an estimated approximately 30% of the world's population. Its pathogenesis is highly complex, involving intricate interactions between genetic predisposition, metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, and cellular stress responses. Within this complex landscape, orphan nuclear receptors (ONRs) have gained significant attention. Defined by the lack of identified endogenous ligands, ONRs function as master transcriptional regulators controlling diverse biological processes. Crucially, they play pivotal roles in the development and progression of numerous diseases, including metabolic disorders.This review specifically focuses on elucidating the critical contributions of various ONRs to the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. We examined how these receptors modulate key pathological drivers: lipid metabolism, inflammation,and autophagy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"682-692"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Resolution of Refractory Ascites and Pleural Effusion with Sustained Improvement in Urinary Sodium Excretion in a Cirrhotic Patient Treated with Empagliflozin.","authors":"Wei Qin, Yunyi Gao, Yuanyuan Zhao, Ning Bian, Weiguang Fan, Wei Wang, Yuan Gao, Zhongjie Hu","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00172","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"701-704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Microbiological, and Antibiotic Treatment Characteristics of Bacterial Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in China: A Multicenter Study.","authors":"Xiuding Zhang, Haoda Weng, Qinzhi Deng, Min Deng, Xuwei Wu, Zuxiong Huang, Shourong Liu, Rui Wu, Chunlian Ma, Yao Xu, Jianfeng Zhong, Jie Yang, Yinxia Wu, Huajiang Shen, Feng Ding, Fang Wang, Xuezhen Zhai, Chunxian Peng, Haotang Ren, Jie Jin, Xiangfei Xu, Xiaofei Li, Xiaoting Ye, Guoqing Qian, Shuilin Sun, Xuebing Yao, Haifeng Miao, Qianggu Xiao, Shaoheng Ye, Qing Zhang, Xinyi Xu, Xia Yu, Yue Yu, Yan Lan, Huilan Tu, Xianbin Xu, Xinrong Zhang, Rui Huang, Xiaohan Qian, Qiao Yang, Jifang Sheng, Yu Shi","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00211","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Epidemiological data on bacterial infections in cirrhosis in China remain limited. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a multicenter study to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively enrolled 1,438 hospitalized adult patients with cirrhosis and bacterial or fungal infections from 24 hospitals across China between January 2018 and September 2024. Data on demographics, clinical features, microbiology, treatment, and outcomes were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,783 infection episodes were recorded, including 1,668 first infections and 115 second infections. Most infections were community-acquired (86.6%). Pneumonia was the most common infection type (26.7%), followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (19.5%) and spontaneous bacteremia (14.1%). Among 754 pathogens isolated from 620 patients, Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.1%) was nearly as common as <i>Escherichia coli</i> (21.7%). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms accounted for 41.0% of all isolates, with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> being the most prevalent MDR strain (8.9% of patients). Adherence to empirical antibiotic treatment guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver was significantly lower in this cohort compared to the global study (21.5% vs. 61.2%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), accompanied by a lower clinical resolution rate (63.5% vs. 79.8%, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis in China differ substantially from those reported in other regions. These findings highlight the need for region-specific management and prevention strategies, particularly in light of the changing microbiological landscape, high MDR prevalence, and suboptimal antibiotic practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"644-654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Trends and Cross-country Inequalities of Acute Hepatitis E in the Elderly, 1990-2021: A Comprehensive Analysis.","authors":"Deliang Huang, Jinyan Jiang, Jinghan Peng, Zhibin Zhu, Yuanyuan Chen, Siyu Zhang, Huiyi Lai, Hong Yu, Qi Zhao, Yanna Wu, Yanping Chen, Jun Chen","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00101","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Acute hepatitis E (AHE) in the elderly can lead to severe complications including liver failure and mortality, yet the epidemiological landscape remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to assess the burden, trends, and health inequalities of AHE among the elderly over the past three decades, and to further predict its changes by 2030.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on AHE in the elderly were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. The burden of AHE was analyzed by trends, decomposition, cross-country inequalities, and predictive analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the global incidence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for AHE among the elderly were recorded as 1,130,013.35 and 20,084.77, respectively. Although there were significant differences in the incidence and DALYs across countries, the number of incident cases increased from 1990 to 2021, with a slight rise in age-standardized rates, while the number and age-standardized rate of DALYs showed a declining trend. Decomposition analysis revealed that population growth and aging are the drivers of changes in incidence, while epidemiological changes somewhat offset the increases in DALYs driven by population growth. Low socio-demographic index countries bear a disproportionate burden of elderly AHE, although inequality gaps have narrowed over time. Notably, up to 2030, the number of incident cases and DALYs will continue increasing. The burden in elderly women was more pronounced than in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of elderly AHE, as a major public health issue, remains substantial. While cross-country inequities have been alleviated over time, the pressure on lower socio-demographic index countries to control the disease remains high. AHE in elderly women requires further attention. This emphasizes the significant challenges faced in controlling and managing elderly AHE.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"609-618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenomedullin as an Immunomodulator of CD14⁺MerTK⁺ Circulating Monocytes in Liver Failure Syndromes.","authors":"Francesca Maria Trovato, Florent Artru, Roosey Sheth, Rima Abdalla, Joseph Wilson, Anna Broderick, John Smith, Stephen Atkinson, Mark J McPhail","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00074","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Liver failure syndromes are characterised by a dysregulated immune response leading to immune paralysis. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a potent vasodilator and immunoregulator. This study aimed to explore the role of ADM in liver failure, hypothesising that there is a detrimental imbalance between ADM and adrenomedullin binding protein (AMBP)1 that promotes a switch of monocytes/macrophages towards a pro-restorative phenotype and function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with acute liver failure (ALF), acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and decompensated cirrhosis, as well as healthy controls (HC) were included between April 2020 and June 2024. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells/monocytes were isolated and used for RNA sequencing and cell culture. ADM and AMBP1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-four patients with ALF, 25 with ACLF, 9 with decompensated cirrhosis, and 16 with HC were included. ADM expression in isolated monocytes was increased in ALF (log fold change = 5.88, <i>p</i> = 0.000216413) and ACLF (log fold change = 4.62, <i>p</i> = 0.00057122) compared to HC. Plasma ADM concentration was higher in ALF (1,684 ± 1,156 pg/mL) vs. ACLF (836.1 ± 765.2 pg/mL) and HC (164.8 ± 62.73 pg/mL). AMBP1 was significantly reduced in ALF (59.27 ± 44 µg/mL) vs. ACLF (126.3 ± 72.23 µg/mL) and HC (252.8 ± 159.7 µg/mL) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001, ALF vs. HC). Treatment with LPS increased ADM concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatant (ALF n = 6; 561.4 ± 1,038 pg/mL vs. 259.2 ± 213.7 pg/mL, ACLF n = 4; 3,202 ± 491.2 vs. 1,757 ± 1,689 pg/mL). The percentage of CD14⁺ cells expressing Mer tyrosine kinase was reduced after culture with LPS (2.077 ± 0.87%); however, co-culture with ADM 100 nM restored the phenotype (3.852 ± 1.063%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ADM is increased in liver failure, whereas AMBP1 is reduced. ADM affects monocyte function, increasing Mer Tyrosine Kinase and promoting a pro-restorative, anti-inflammatory phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"655-664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Glypican-3 for Liver Cancer Therapy: Clinical Applications and Detection Methods.","authors":"Jin Zhang, Rong Li, Xueqin Tan, Chuang Wang","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00099","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted glypican-3 (GPC3) as a prominent target for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, approximately 10% to 30% of HCC patients exhibit low or absent GPC3 expression on the surface of tumor cells, which limits the feasibility of GPC3-targeted therapies. Consequently, it is essential for patients to undergo pre-diagnostic assessments of GPC3 expression in tumor cells to evaluate their suitability for GPC3-directed therapy. Although various methods have been developed to specifically detect GPC3 as a biomarker for treatment and prognosis, the diagnostic approaches currently employed in clinical studies remain relatively limited. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical development of GPC3-targeted therapeutics, clinical trials in GPC3-positive HCC, and current methods for detecting GPC3 expression, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we explore the potential of integrating targeted therapy with various GPC3 detection modalities tailored to different pathological stages. This integration not only provides insights into the selection of effective methods for detecting GPC3 expression but also has the potential to significantly improve the clinical outcomes of patients with liver cancer. By simultaneously assessing the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, this review aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical selection of appropriate GPC3 detection strategies for targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"665-681"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATOX1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Carcinogenesis via Activation of the c-Myb/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Qin Ouyang, Siyu Jia, Qianyu Zhu, Yanmeng Li, Huaduan Zi, Sisi Chen, Pingping He, Hengcheng Tang, Yanling Li, Anjian Xu, Bei Zhang, Xiaomin Wang, Xiaojuan Ou, Donghu Zhou, Jian Huang","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2024.00422","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2024.00422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Despite advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Antioxidant-1 (ATOX1) has been implicated in oncogenic processes across various cancer types; however, its specific role in HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function of ATOX1 and its underlying molecular mechanisms in HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to assess ATOX1 expression in HCC tissues. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, Transwell migration, flow cytometry, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays were employed to evaluate the malignant behaviors of tumor cells. A xenograft mouse model was employed to assess the effects of ATOX1 knockdown on tumor growth <i>in vivo</i>. DCAC50 treatment was performed to inhibit the copper transport function of ATOX1. RNA sequencing was conducted to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of ATOX1 in HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ATOX1 expression was significantly elevated in HCC tumor tissues. ATOX1 promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. Knockdown of ATOX1 suppressed tumor growth <i>in vivo</i>. Mechanistically, ATOX1 activated c-Myb, and thus enhanced the malignant phenotype of HCC cells via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, ATOX1 reduced intracellular copper accumulation and inhibited ROS production and apoptosis. Inhibition of ATOX1 by DCAC50 decreased cell proliferation while increasing ROS levels and apoptosis in HCC cells. Notably, acetylcysteine reversed the reduction in c-Myb expression induced by ATOX1 knockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ATOX1 may promote HCC carcinogenesis through the activation of the c-Myb/PI3K/AKT pathway and the inhibition of copper accumulation and oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 8","pages":"630-643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Achievements, and Challenges in the Elimination of Hepatitis B in China.","authors":"You Deng, Tongtong Meng, Hong You, Jidong Jia, Yu Wang","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00039","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China has made remarkable progress in controlling chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection over the past three decades. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen has declined from 9.72% in 1992 to 5.86% in 2020, with a striking reduction from 9.67% to 0.30% among children under five. Universal hepatitis B vaccination has been pivotal, preventing more than 40 million infections and seven million HBV-related deaths since 1992. Nevertheless, an estimated 75 million individuals are currently living with chronic HBV infection in China. Among them, only 59.78% are aware of their infection status, and about 30 million remain undiagnosed. Of those diagnosed, 38.25% (approximately 17 million) meet the criteria for antiviral treatment, yet only 17.33% (about three million) are receiving treatment. To accelerate progress toward the World Health Organization's elimination targets, China has updated its clinical guidelines to expand treatment eligibility and improve diagnosis and treatment coverage. Moreover, Chinese pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions are actively engaged in developing novel therapies with promising efficacy, aiming to achieve a functional cure. China's holistic approach, combining evidence-based public health interventions with active clinical management and innovative pharmaceutical development, provides valuable experience for global HBV elimination initiatives. This review aimed to summarize China's progress in HBV control, identify remaining gaps in diagnosis and treatment, and highlight strategic approaches, including public health interventions, clinical policy updates, and pharmaceutical innovation, toward achieving HBV elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 7","pages":"599-604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of TGF-β Inhibitors for Liver Fibrosis: Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways.","authors":"Wanchun Zhu, Yu Cui, Jiahao Qiu, Xin Zhang, Yueqiu Gao, Zhi Shang, Lingying Huang","doi":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00029","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTH.2025.00029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver fibrosis is a pathological process resulting from various chronic liver injuries that lead to the formation of liver fibrous scars. It can further progress to cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Currently, there are no effective drugs specifically approved for the treatment of liver fibrosis; etiological therapy remains the main treatment strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop anti-fibrotic drugs targeting different pathways involved in liver fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a key driver of fibrosis, and targeting TGF-β can effectively reduce liver fibrosis. In this review, we discussed the anti-liver fibrosis effects of TGF-β inhibitors through different signaling pathways, including the application of certain active ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":15484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology","volume":"13 7","pages":"588-598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}