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Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History最新文献

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The healthscaping approach: Toward a global history of early public health 健康景观方法:走向早期公共卫生的全球历史
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2128487
G. Geltner, J. Coomans
{"title":"The healthscaping approach: Toward a global history of early public health","authors":"G. Geltner, J. Coomans","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2128487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2128487","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a modular, multidisciplinary methodology for tracing how different communities in the deeper past adapted their behaviors and shaped their environments to address the health risks they faced, a process also known as “healthscaping.” Historians have made major strides in reconstructing preventative health programs across the pre- or non-industrial world, thereby challenging a common view of public health as a product of Euro-American modernity and biomedicine. However, these studies’ general focus on cities and their reliance on archival and other documents that are more readily available in Euro-American contexts, limit the intervention’s potential for rethinking the earlier history of public health comparatively, transregionally and on a global scale. A broader definition of health, additional sources and alternative methodologies allow us to expand research in and especially beyond urban Europe, promoting a global turn in health historiography that operates outside the seductive teleology of modernization, colonialism and imperialism.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131426294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
U.S. demography in transition 美国人口结构正在转型
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2098216
E. Merchant, Carrie S. Alexander
{"title":"U.S. demography in transition","authors":"E. Merchant, Carrie S. Alexander","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2098216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2098216","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Demography, the social science of population studies, has changed dramatically over the past forty years, responding to a dual crisis of funding and moral legitimacy that hit the field in the mid-1970s. This article uses structural topic modeling in conjunction with the Oral History Project of the Population Association of America (PAA) to examine how demography survived the crisis. It finds that demographers turned to a new source of funding, the National Institutes of Health, shifted their research focus from overseas population growth to domestic socioeconomic inequality, and transformed the PAA from an interest group for people concerned about population problems to a professional association for academic demographers. These three shifts turned demography into the field it is today.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132604327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Deep mapping the daily spaces of children and youth in the industrial city 深入绘制工业城市中儿童和青少年的日常空间
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2080135
Timothy Stone, Don Lafreniere, Rose Hildebrandt
{"title":"Deep mapping the daily spaces of children and youth in the industrial city","authors":"Timothy Stone, Don Lafreniere, Rose Hildebrandt","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2080135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2080135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Employing a deep mapping approach we aim to increase our understanding of the social, spatial, and temporal relationships children shared with the industrial city as it grew and evolved. In this paper, we spatialize and record-link numerous local and national datasets on environments and children including the complete count IPUMS historical census data to study the lives of schoolchildren in a twentieth century copper mining town in northern Michigan. Leaning on Hägerstrand’s time geography theory we place 2025 children within their built and social environments tracing their commutes to school, the school day, and their time at home. We demonstrate the utility of this approach through an analysis of students’ proximity to hazardous environments throughout the day.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124054173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Measuring mercantile concentration in eighteenth-century British America: Charleston, 1735–1775 衡量18世纪英属美洲的商业集中度:查尔斯顿，1735-1775
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2080134
P. Coclanis, Tomoko Yagyu
{"title":"Measuring mercantile concentration in eighteenth-century British America: Charleston, 1735–1775","authors":"P. Coclanis, Tomoko Yagyu","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2080134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2080134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, the authors attempt to advance discussions of mercantile concentration in British North America in the eighteenth century by employing two measurement tools common in the field of industrial organization-concentration ratios and the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI)—to measure and analyze concentration levels in Charleston, South Carolina between 1735 and 1775. These tools allow for the creation of standardized measures, easing comparisons with other mercantile groups across space and time. The principal results suggest that mercantile concentration levels in Charleston were not high by modern standards, and that concentration may even have declined a bit over the course of this 41-year period. The authors draw on insights from the literature in industrial organization and the new institutional history to explain their findings. In so doing, they suggest that the relatively low levels of concentration were related to and reflected the “open-access order” characteristic of British North America, even in eighteenth-century South Carolina.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130538819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detecting Ottokar II’s 1248–1249 uprising and its instigators in co-witnessing networks 在共同见证网络中发现Ottokar II的1248-1249起义及其煽动者
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2065397
Jeremi K. Ochab, Jan Škvrňák, Michael Škvrňák
{"title":"Detecting Ottokar II’s 1248–1249 uprising and its instigators in co-witnessing networks","authors":"Jeremi K. Ochab, Jan Škvrňák, Michael Škvrňák","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2065397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2065397","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We provide a detailed case study showing how social network analysis allows scholars to detect an event affecting the entire historical network under consideration and identify the responsible actors. We study the middle 13th century in Czech lands, where a rigid political structure of noble families surrounding the monarchs led to the uprising of part of the nobility. Having collected data on approximately 2,400 noblemen from 576 charters, we attempted to uncover social network features pointing to the rebellion and expose the noblemen who joined it. We observed, among other such quantifiable features, assortativity increasing before and resetting to random after the rebellion, a drop in the number of stable connections and subgraph similarity between yearly networks and regional titles (burgraves) rising in centrality above royal court officials in that period. The presented methods can be directly translated to other person-document data of comparable or larger sizes, and we hope it can help detect or disambiguate the timing of similar major events and the roles of people involved in them.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130718688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drawing constitutional boundaries: A digital historical analysis of the writing process of Pinochet’s 1980 authoritarian constitution 绘制宪法边界:1980年皮诺切特独裁宪法写作过程的数字历史分析
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2065396
Rodrigo Cordero, Aldo Mascareño, Pablo A. Henríquez, G. A. Ruz
{"title":"Drawing constitutional boundaries: A digital historical analysis of the writing process of Pinochet’s 1980 authoritarian constitution","authors":"Rodrigo Cordero, Aldo Mascareño, Pablo A. Henríquez, G. A. Ruz","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2065396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2065396","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drawing conceptual boundaries is one of the defining features of constitution-making processes. These historically situated operations of boundary making are central to the definition of what counts as “constitutional” in a political community. In this article, we study the operations of conceptual delimitation performed by the Constitutional Commission (1973–1978) that drafted the 1980 Chilean Constitution, the trademark of Augusto Pinochet’s dictatorship. Using the eleven volumes of the Commission’s Official Records as our textual material (10,915 pages and 80,005 distinct words), we apply vector semantics, spectral clustering and bigram graph-based analysis to explore conceptual boundaries and the behavior of specific keywords shaping the space of constitutional meanings. Our results identify the ways in which the Commission defines the normative horizon of the new social and political order by transforming old semantic references into a renewed conceptual framework. This analysis shows the immanent relations between political action and conceptual elaboration that underlie the creation of constitutional texts, as well as the potential of computational methods for the study of constitutional history and constitution-making processes.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126210896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the transformation of French trade in the long eighteenth century (1713–1823): The TOFLIT18 project 探索漫长的十八世纪(1713-1823)法国贸易的转变:TOFLIT18项目
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2032522
Loïc Charles, Guillaume Daudin, Paul Girard, Guillaume Plique
{"title":"Exploring the transformation of French trade in the long eighteenth century (1713–1823): The TOFLIT18 project","authors":"Loïc Charles, Guillaume Daudin, Paul Girard, Guillaume Plique","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2032522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2032522","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The TOFLIT18 project documents French bilateral international trade flows from the 1710s to the 1820s. This article presents the TOFLIT18 dataset and its exploration tool (the “datascape”). We make four contributions: first, we discuss the institutional framework in which the sources were produced; second, we present our method to standardize the collected data and reduce the variety of commodity names, partners, and measurement units; third, we document how ad hoc classifications can be created to aggregate the dataset; fourth, we describe the use of our datascape in a case study of the loss of Canada by France. We show how the datascape’s interactive data visualizations can help quantitative historians analyze key events in French and European eighteenth century.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131532731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Internal migrant trajectories within The Netherlands, 1850–1972: Applying cluster analysis and dissimilarity tree methods 荷兰内部移民轨迹，1850-1972:应用聚类分析和不相似树方法
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2047852
Dolores Sesma Carlos, J. Kok, M. Oris
{"title":"Internal migrant trajectories within The Netherlands, 1850–1972: Applying cluster analysis and dissimilarity tree methods","authors":"Dolores Sesma Carlos, J. Kok, M. Oris","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2047852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2047852","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on the life course perspective, this work adopts a sequence analysis approach to examine internal migrant trajectories and their interdependencies with life course factors. The analyses are based on longitudinal data from the Historical Sample of the Netherlands. The internal migrant trajectories of Dutch cohorts born between 1850 and 1922 are followed from birth until age fifty. Two sequence analysis methods are applied: (1) main migration patterns are described using cluster analysis, and explained by their associations with socio-demographic covariates using logit models; (2) migrant trajectory variations are investigated using a dissimilarity tree method with a discrepancy analysis. Seven distinct migrant trajectory patterns are derived from the cluster analysis. Early-life social status, place and region of origin are differently associated to these typologies, and an increased stability of specific trajectories over time is suggested. Fifteen homogeneous migrant trajectories are identified in the dissimilarity tree. The discrepancy between groups is explained by intricate interactions between birth cohort, social and place origin, as well as family formation. The cluster analysis suggests a stable regime of internal migration patterns over time. The dissimilarity tree method contributes to detect interdependencies of migrant trajectories, highlighting socio-economic, local and regional differences at birth.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129401298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Inferring “missing girls” from child sex ratios in historical census data 从历史人口普查数据中的儿童性别比推断“失踪女孩”
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2021.2014377
M. Szołtysek, Bartosz Ogórek, S. Gruber, Francisco J. Beltrán Tapia
{"title":"Inferring “missing girls” from child sex ratios in historical census data","authors":"M. Szołtysek, Bartosz Ogórek, S. Gruber, Francisco J. Beltrán Tapia","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2021.2014377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2021.2014377","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The topic of “missing girls” in historical Europe has not only been mostly neglected, but previous research addressing this issue usually took the available information too lightly, either rejecting or accepting the claims that there was discrimination against female children, without assessing the possibility that the observed child sex ratios could be attributable to chance, mortality differentials, or registration quality. This article contributes to this discussion by (1) using a novel dataset of historical child sex ratios that covers a large part of the European geography between 1700 and 1926; and (2) explicitly considering the effects of random variability, demographic variation, and faulty enumeration in the analysis. Our results provide evidence that some of these European populations had child sex ratios well above the levels usually considered “natural”. Although part of this variation is indeed shown to be due to random noise and structural features related to infant mortality differentials and census quality, some of the observed sex ratios are too high to be attributed solely to these proximate factors. Thus, these findings suggest that there are behavioural explanations for some of the unbalanced sex ratios observed in our data.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127698991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The regional occupational structure in interwar England and Wales 两次世界大战之间英格兰和威尔士的区域职业结构
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/01615440.2022.2027303
Robin C. M. Philips, Matteo Calabrese, R. Keenan, Bas van Leeuwen
{"title":"The regional occupational structure in interwar England and Wales","authors":"Robin C. M. Philips, Matteo Calabrese, R. Keenan, Bas van Leeuwen","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2022.2027303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2022.2027303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A lack of regional data on the occupational structure in England and Wales during the interwar years has so far prevented extensive study of this time period. In the current paper, we fill this gap by reconstructing the occupational structure at the district level, based on a recently-digitized register for 1939 and by linking this dataset with the population censuses of 1911 and 1921. The resulting data reveals significant regional differences in the expansion of the tertiary sector, and the relative decline of agricultural and industrial activities. For industry, we find an increase in the level of geographical concentration during 1911–1921, to decline by 1939. The primary sector followed a similar pattern, whereas activities in the tertiary sector became less concentrated.","PeriodicalId":154465,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126349711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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