Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal最新文献

{"title":"Histopathological Spectrum of Neoplastic Lesions of Female Reproductive System at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan","authors":"M. Sedhain, P. Pathak, B. Goyal, Pratigya Subedi","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.52017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.52017","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionMalignant neoplasms of the female genital tract accounts for majority of the cancers in females.The incidence and pattern of malignancies vary from region to region due to differences ingenetic patterns, lifestyle and sociocultural factors. The objective of this research is to study thehistopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system.\u0000MethodsA total of 309 samples of neoplastic lesions were included in the study from the period of January2017 to December 2021.\u0000ResultsMost of the neoplastic lesions were found in the uterine corpus, followed by ovary, breasts, cervixand vulva. 80.25% of the neoplastic lesions were benign and 11.97% were malignant; the rest beingpremalignant and borderline categories.\u0000ConclusionsMalignant neoplasms of female genital tract contributes to major cancer burden among women andtherefore special measures should be adopted to reduce its incidence and improve the prognosis","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41634019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Menstruation Pattern Among Schools Adolescents","authors":"M. Prasai, H. Upadhyay, Srijana Panthi, K. Khadka, Roshan Kuwar","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.53523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.53523","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionMenstruation, also known as a period, is a natural process that occurs in the female body as apart of the menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is the monthly hormonal cycle that preparesthe female body for pregnancy. The objective of this research is to find the prevalence andassociated factors of menstruation pattern among schools adolescents.\u0000MethodsA descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 355 adolescent girls of (10-19 years) in five boarding and government school of Bharatpur municipality, Chitwan. Self- structure questionnaire was then distributed to those students who had already attended their menstruation. Data was entered and analyse by using descriptive and inferential statistical tools in SPSS 20. P-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant.\u0000ResultsThe mean±SD of age was found 14.60±1.54 years. In 63.9% (With 95 %CI 58.9% to 68.9%)students had irregular menstruation cycle. Likewise18.87% students had Oligomenorrhoea,17.18% had Polymenorrhoea and 11.3% students had menorrhagia. Family history of studentswas found as statistically significant with menstruation problem (p-value<0.05).\u0000ConclusionsDysmenorrhea, Irregularities in menstruations cycle and Pre menstruation symptoms wasfound to be major problems in adolescents girls.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and Practice Patterns Among Pediatricians Regarding Retinopathy of Prematurity at Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"M. Shrestha, Puspa Giri Shrestha, R. Sah, K. Subedi","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.48990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.48990","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the developing retina of preterm infants dueto defective vasculogenesis that can lead to incurable blindness. It can be prevented by timelydetection and treatment. The study aimed to analyze the level of awareness, knowledge andpractice of Pediatricians regarding ROP in Bharatpur.\u0000MethodsThis was a quantitative, cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires to assess theawareness level among pediatricians at the main hospitals of Bharatpur City. A scoring system wasimplemented in the data analysis, depending on the correct chosen answers on the questionnaire.The ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of NNJS (Reg. no. 15/2022).\u0000ResultsForty-three pediatricians from 11 hospitals in Bharatpur Metropolitan City filled out thequestionnaires. The mean age of the participants was 35.53 ± 9.09 years (25 to 68 years), majoritybeing male (N=28; 65.12%). More than half of the participants, 23 (53.49%) had a knowledge scoreof 10-15. The knowledge score was 0-5 and >20 in 6 (13.95%) and 2(4.65%) participants respectively.Men were significantly more knowledgeable about ROP than women (p = 0.02).\u0000ConclusionsThis study has projected the level of understanding about ROP among pediatricians in Bharatpur.Workshops and courses on ROP screening criteria and referral are recommended specificallyfor pediatric residents and pediatricians in the early stages of their careers. There should becoordination and good referral network between Pediatricians and Ophthalmologists.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Results of Transungual Excision of Subungual Glomus Tumor","authors":"S. Pandey","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49319","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionGlomus tumor is rare and subungual location of the distal phalanx is the most common site. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment to relieve the symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and result of transungual excision of the tumor.MethodsA retrospective cross sectional study of was conducted among 15 cases of subungual glomus tumors operated with transungual excision over 8 years period in the department of Orthopedics. The clinical and demographic characteristics were noted from the case record. The outcome variables were assessed from case records, OPD visits, and telephone interviews and the results analyzed were pain relief, postoperative recurrence, nail deformity, and patient satisfaction. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical tools in SPSS-20.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 32.6 years with the mean duration of symptoms 1.8 years. The mean tumor size was 3.4 mm. Pain and pinpoint tenderness were present in all 15 cases and positive cold sensitivity test and positive Hildreth’s test in 13 (86.7%) and 10 (66.7%) cases respectively. All cases had complete relief of pain within 2 weeks of the operation. There was no case of recurrence and nail deformity till a minimum of 1 year of follow up.ConclusionsThe diagnostic clinical triad of pain, point tenderness, and cold sensitivity are the most common findings. The transungual excision of the tumor can give rise to excellent results with complete relief of pain in all cases with no recurrence or nail deformity.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43127579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Early Experience of “Hanging Maneuver of Liver resection\":A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sagar Khatiwada, N. Belbase, Nishnata Koirala, Sushim Bhujel, Nischal Shrestha, S. Baral, H. Upadhyay","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.50893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.50893","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The posterior approach to liver resection is technically difficult, especially when there is a bulky tumor or dense adhesion of right lobe of liver with the risk of tumor dissemination and hepatic vein avulsion. To prevent this, anterior approach of liver resection was used; however, it is technically challenging and can lead to a false line of transection and difficulty in controlling bleeding in deeper parenchymal plane. These technical difficulties are overcome by hanging maneuver liver resection which eases the process of anterior approach. The Objectives of our study were to observe the technical safety, operative duration, operative blood loss, and perioperative complications of hanging maneuver in liver resection.\u0000Methods\u0000This is a cross-sectional study on the patients who underwent hanging maneuver of liver resection at our center. The perioperative data were analyzed. Descriptive variables were described using frequency and percentage; continuous variables were described using mean and standard deviation.\u0000Results\u0000A total of 15 patients underwent hanging maneuver of liver resection, majority were male (66.6%) with Child-Pugh score-A of 80%. The most common indication was complex hydatid cyst of liver (33%) and biliocutaneous fistula (13%) that occurred after previous intervention for hydatid cyst of liver (13%). Intraoperative blood loss was 750±343.2 ml and complications grade IIIA were up to 20% as per Clavien Dindo grading system.\u0000Conclusions\u0000Hanging maneuver of liver resection is a technique that facilitates in elevating liver parenchyma away from IVC and helps in an easier anterior approach. A learning curve and assessment of background liver disease is necessary for its safety.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43806856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Bullying in Undergraduate Students at a Medical College of Nepal","authors":"Mukta Singh Bhandari, J. Chataut","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.47943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.47943","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionBullying is a common problem affecting physical and mental health as well as academic performance of students. It also results in harmful coping behaviours like indulgence in alcohol, drug abuse and college drop out. Compared to students from other streams, the proportion of bullying among medical students is very high. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of bullying among students in a medical college of Nepal.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out amongst students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, enrolled in MBBS stream during the period of September 2021 to July 2022. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional review committee of the institute (Approval number: 76/2021). A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics were performed and Chi-square Test was done.ResultsThe prevalence of bullying in this study was 78% (203) and 145 (71%) of the victims were male. Verbal bullying by classmates and others was 153 (75%) while non-verbal bullying by teacher/ instructor was 120 (59%). Only 50 (24%) had ever complained about bullying and out of 50 complains, 27 (54%) said action was taken but bullying didn't stop in 33 (66%) of the cases. Out of 156 students who didn't complain, 57 (37%) students felt that it was not a big issue.ConclusionsBullying is a very common problem among medical students however most of the students take it lightly and no action is taken after complaining. Thus, students should be made aware about bullying and serious action should be taken against it.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43410919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Histopathological Artifacts in Oral Biopsy Specimen: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study","authors":"P. Poudel, Bhoj Raj Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.44310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.44310","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Arriving at the final diagnosis requires the histopathological examination of the biopsied lesion. Many a times, diagnosis of lesion may be hindered due to presence of artifacts in the slide. Having a thorough knowledge of these artifacts help to take the precautionary measures to avoid their occurrence. This study is an attempt to analyze histopathological slides from Department of Oral Pathology to identify the artifacts seen in oral biopsy specimens.\u0000Methods\u0000This cross sectional study was conducted in Department of Oral Pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital from July 2021 to February 2022. Slides of all the biopsies during the study period were included in the study. The artifacts were divided into three groups: Artifacts related to surgeons performance, artifacts related to technicians performance and artifacts caused during transfer of sample to the laboratory. Then, the frequency distribution for each type of artifact was calculated.\u0000Results\u0000A total of 280 slides were included in the present study. Artifacts related to technicians performance were seen in 89.3% slides whereas artifacts related to surgeons performance were seen in 76.4% slides. None of the slides showed artifacts related to transfer of sample to the laboratory. The most common artifact seen was eosin leaching (63.6%) followed by stain deposit (60%) and folds and wrinkles (40.7%).\u0000Conclusions\u0000The findings of our study showed that various types of artifacts may be incorporated in biopsy specimen that create difficulty in diagnosing the lesion properly. Proper biopsy protocol and careful handling of sample to prevent technical errors may be helpful to reduce the frequency of artifacts.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45212572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stone Free Rate of Lower Pole Calyceal Stone Versus Other Calyces in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery","authors":"R. Shah, Tika Devi Kandel, D. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49849","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Miniaturization of endoscopic instruments has gained wide popularity in the treatment of renal calculi. Retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS) and laser in combination has already proven their superiority when compared to other modalities in the treatment of renal calculi. This study was conducted to assess the stone-free rate (SFR) of lower pole calyceal stone versus other pole calyces in RIRS.\u0000 Methods:\u0000This retrospective study analyzed the stone free rate of lower pole calyx stone versus other pole calyces in retrograde intra renal surgery (RIRS) adults above 15 years of age from March 2021 to February 2022 at Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal. The stone-free rate was assessed descriptively on post operative complications, stone size, operative time, hospital stay, and need for the second procedure.\u0000Results:\u0000A total of 62 patients underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery. The mean age of the study population was 38.41 ± 10.54years in the lower caliceal group against 39.09 ±13.53 years with p value of 0.829.The mean hounsfield of lower caliceal stone was 1023.31±252.96 to that of other caliceal stones 1004.00±349.22 with p value of 0.806.\u0000 The sizes of the stones were 11.07±2.10 mm in lower caliceal stones versus 10.67±2.51mm in other caliceal stones with p value of 0.507.\u0000The duration of operation time in 1st group was 63.82±23.57minutes to that of 65.93±28.96 in 2nd group with p value of 0.756.\u0000The hospital stay in lower caliceal stones were 6.13±1.43days to that of other caliceal stones 5.87±0.99 with significant p value of 0.412.\u0000There were no major complications in both arms.\u0000The stone free rate was 25 (86.2%) in lower caliceal stones as compared to 31(93.93%) in other caliceal stones with no significant p value of 0.405.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions:\u0000Retrograde intrarenal surgery is a better procedure that continues to undergo significant advancements. It is a technically safe and effective procedure for the treatment option for treating the lower pole calyx calculus with optimal post-surgical morbidity and stone-free rate.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48550464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Serum Vitamin D and Calcium in Patients With and Without Temporomandibular Joint Disorder: An Institutional Study","authors":"Anuja Panthee, A. Panthee, A. Khapung","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.49989","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Calcium homeostasis, an essential component of musculoskeletal system requires Vitamin D as its integral element. Many studies have demonstrated the inconclusive association between serum calcium and some factors involved in calcium metabolism such as vitamin D.\u0000Objectives\u0000The aim of this present study is to evaluate the serum level of vitamin D and calcium in patient with and without Temporo-mandibular Joint disorder (TMDs) and to determine the association of same with age and gender.\u0000Methods: An observational, comparative, quantitative, cross sectional study was done over a period of 6 months. Serum analysis of vitamin D and calcium was done for patients, with and without TMDs, visiting Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Out Patient Department (OPD) from May to october 2022. Data analysis was done using chi square and independent t test.\u0000Results\u0000A total of 200 study participants were included in the study of which 100 (50.00%) had TMDs and 100 (50.00%) did not have those problems. The difference in Vitamin D  level were found statistically significant in those with and without TMJ problems.\u0000Conclusion\u0000There was statistically significant association between serum Vitamin D and TMDs whereas there was no association between serum calcium and TMDs.","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47452225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Covid-19 Patients Admitted in Emergency Department of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital","authors":"T. Krishna Gupta, Kushal Bhattarai, A. Pal, Smriti Mayur Kasaudhan, N. Manandhar","doi":"10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.53330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i1.53330","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000COVID-19, a global health problem, was first identified in the Hubei province, China.  While various clinical features of the diseases have been documented, the complete clinical profile is yet to be understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of Covid-19 after admission in the emergency of KAHS during the year 2021January – 2022 January.\u0000Methods\u0000This is a hospital-based, retrospective, observational study done in the emergency department of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (KAHS), Jumla. The data was taken from the registry, including the record files of patients with Covid-19 admitted in the hospital from 2020 January to 2021 January. The retrieved data was initially entered in an Excel sheet followed by its analysis. We carried out Kaplan Meier survival distribution analysis to determine the survival probability and predictors of Covid-19.\u0000Results\u0000Of the 516 Covid-19 positive patients who were admitted in the hospital, 53.5% were males. For the total patients, the mean duration of hospital stay was 8.02±5.32 days with the proportion of patients who died during treatment being 3.7% (n=19). As described by the Kaplan-Meier curve and the accompanying survival table, the mean survival time of the overall patients was 36.74 days (95% CI=35.6–37.8). Moreover, the cumulative survival rate was seen prominently decreased for older patients and those admitted in the intensive care unit and/or ventilator.\u0000Conclusion\u0000The increased mortality rates seen in the older patients and those admitted in critical care setting clearly calls for the importance of proper and timely intervention.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of College of Medical Sciences-nepal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49527176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}