Journal of Crop Protection最新文献_第6页

Biological control of Fusarium basal rot of onion using Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus mosseae 哈兹木霉和苔藓球囊菌对洋葱基腐病的生物防治

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.359

B. Ghanbarzadeh, N. Safaie, E. M. Goltapeh, Y. Danesh, F. Khelghatibana

{"title":"Biological control of Fusarium basal rot of onion using Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus mosseae","authors":"B. Ghanbarzadeh, N. Safaie, E. M. Goltapeh, Y. Danesh, F. Khelghatibana","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.359","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium proliferatum, as a toxigenic fungus, is one of the important agents of onion basal rot (FBR). Among the control methods of the disease, biological control is considered as one of the best options. In this study, Trichoderma harzianum strain T100 at the rate of 1 × 10 6 cfu/g was mixed with pot soil artificially infested with F. proliferatum. Also Glomus mosseae was applied to each pot at the rate of three grams of soil containing 80 chlamydospores/ml. Combination of T100 and G. mosseae was used as well. Onion seeds were disinfected & planted in pots, arranged in completely randomized design in 4 replicates under greenhouse condition and finally, the individual or combined effects of these bioagents were assessed on FBR control and also root colonization by Glomus 23, 30 and 36 days after sowing. Inoculation of Arbuscular mycorrhizae improved onion growth effectively, but its biocontrol effect was not considerable. Trichoderma amended soil decreased disease incidence by 25% but its usefulness as biocontrol agent was reduced in the course of time. AM root colonization was decreased in plants in presence of Trichoderma. Nevertheless, the disease control in combination of Trichoderma and Glomus treatment was better than the treatments by each one of the agents singly. The disease control achieved by fungicide seed treatment was inferior to that of Trichoderma and Glomus in combination.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"115 1","pages":"359-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Effects of crowding and stress on locusts, aphids, armyworms and specifically the hemipteran Dysdercus fasciatus Sign. (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) 拥挤和胁迫对蝗虫、蚜虫、粘虫，特别是半足类筋膜霉的影响。(半翅类:红蝽科)

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.313

S. H. Hodjat

引用次数: 2

Short and long term effects of some bio-insecticides on Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and its coexisting generalist predators in tomato fields 几种生物杀虫剂对番茄田绝对灰蛾及其兼有天敌的短期和长期影响

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.331

Leila Nazarpour, F. Yarahmadi, M. Saber, A. Rajabpour

{"title":"Short and long term effects of some bio-insecticides on Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and its coexisting generalist predators in tomato fields","authors":"Leila Nazarpour, F. Yarahmadi, M. Saber, A. Rajabpour","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.3.331","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most destructive pests of tomato in many parts of the world including Iran. Field studies were conducted to determine the short and long term effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki (Bt), azadirachtin (AZ), a mix of AZ + Bt, and indoxacarb, as a current chemical insecticide, on T. absoluta larvae. Also, effects of the insecticides were studied on the coexisting generalist predators, Coccinella septempunctata L., Chrysoperla carnea Stephens and Syritta sp. Sampling of T. absoluta and its coexisting generalist predators were performed 1 day before treatment (DBT) and one, 5, 8, 14 and 19 days after treatment (DAT). The results indicated significant short term effect of indoxacarb on the pest larvae. Indoxacarb reduced T. absoluta density and damages. Bt, AZ and mixture of them significantly suppressed the larval density at 19 DAT and caused significant reduction in leaf, stem and fruit damage. The highest long term effect on the pest abundance and damage were observed in Az + Bt caused 100% reduction in fruit and foliage damage compared to the control. The highest and lowest adverse effects on C. carnea, C. septempunctat and Serrita sp. were observed in indoxacarb and Bt treatments, respectively. Findings of this study imply that the mixture of Az + Bt has the highest selective toxicity on the pest and the lowest effect on its coexisting generalist predators.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"331-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67684170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

A novel automated image analysis method for counting the population of whiteflies on leaves of crops 一种新的作物叶片白蝇种群自动图像分析方法

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.59

S. Ghods, Vahhab Shojaeddini

{"title":"A novel automated image analysis method for counting the population of whiteflies on leaves of crops","authors":"S. Ghods, Vahhab Shojaeddini","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.59","url":null,"abstract":"Counting the population of insect pests is a key task for planning a successful integrated pest management program. Most image processing and machine vision techniques in the literature are very site-specific and cannot be easily re-usable because their performances are highly related to their ground truth data. In this article a new unsupervised image processing method is proposed which is general and easy to use for non-experts. In this method firstly a hypothesis framework is defined to distinguish pests from other particles in a captured image after texture, color and shape analyses. Then, the decision about each hypothesis is made by estimating a distribution function for sizes of particles which are presented in the image. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated on real captured images that belong to plants in green houses and farms with low and high densities of whiteflies. The obtained results show the greater ability of the proposed method in counting whiteflies on crop leaves compared to adaptive thresholding and K-means algorithms. Furthermore it is shown that better counting of the pest by proposed algorithm not only doesn't lead to extracting more false objects but also it decreases the rate of false detections compared to the results of the alternative algorithms.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"59-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of pyriproxyfen and imidacloprid on mortality and reproduction of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predator of Agonoscena pistaciae 吡丙醚和吡虫啉对开心果蛾捕食者性绵蝇死亡率和繁殖的影响

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.89

M. Nazari, S. S. Noghabi, K. Mahdian

{"title":"Effects of pyriproxyfen and imidacloprid on mortality and reproduction of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predator of Agonoscena pistaciae","authors":"M. Nazari, S. S. Noghabi, K. Mahdian","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.89","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of two insecticides, imidacloprid and pyriproxyfen, were investigated on some biological parameters of ladybird beetle Menochilus sexmaculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory condition. The ladybird beetle were exposed to insecticides by ingestion of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (prey). For imidacloprid, maximum field recommended concentration (MFRC) (1/1 MFRC = 140 ppm), 1/2 and 1/4 MFRC were tested. For pyriproxyfen dilutions of 1/1 MFRC (50 ppm), 2/1 and 1/2 MFRC were used after 24 h. The 100% mortality was observed with imidacloprid in all tested concentrations, whereas no mortality was observed by pyriproxyfen even at the highest concentration (2/1 MFRC). Because of the high mortality observed with imidacloprid, lower concentrations of 1/10, 1/20 and 1/40 MFRC were tested and all predators were killed 3, 7 and 10 days after treatment, respectively. At 1/100 MFRC, no eggs were laid but prey consumption was continued for two weeks. At 1/1 and 2/1 MFRC of pyriproxyfen, ingestion of prey was reduced by 18% and 23%, respectively. At 1/1 and 1/2 MFRC of pyriproxyfen, fecundity and fertility of the coccinellid predator was decreased to 43% and 24.5%, respectively. Imidacloprid at 1/100 MFRC caused significant reduction on fecundity but had no detrimental effect on fertility of the produced eggs. Therefore, unlike the pyriproxyfen that had not acute toxicity, the imidacloprid was extremely toxic to coccinellid at MFRC. However, pyriproxyfen was able to affect on feeding ratio and reproduction of M. sexmaculatus.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Three species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae) from Kermanshah province, western Iran 标题伊朗西部克尔曼沙阿省副线虫属三种，1922(线虫纲:线虫科)

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.99

M. Esmaeili, R. Heydari, R. Ghaderi

引用次数: 5

Effect of some diets on biological parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae in laboratory and efficiency of natural pheromone traps in pomegranate orchards 不同饲粮对石榴园褐飞虱生物学参数及天然信息素诱捕效果的影响

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.115

S. Mortazavi, H. Ghajarieh, M. Samih, A. Jafari

{"title":"Effect of some diets on biological parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae in laboratory and efficiency of natural pheromone traps in pomegranate orchards","authors":"S. Mortazavi, H. Ghajarieh, M. Samih, A. Jafari","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.115","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate fruit moth (PFM), Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller is a major pest of pomegranate in Iran. In this study, the effect of four diets including pistachio, pomegranate, semi-artificial and artificial diets were studied on biological parameters of PFM in a growth chamber under controlled conditions at 30 ± 2 °C, 65 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) h. The results demonstrated that the longest incubation period, larval developmental time and preimaginal development time was observed on artificial diet and the shortest was on the pomegranate. The highest and lowest body length of fifth instar larvae were observed on pistachio and artificial diet, respectively. The heaviest weight of third day pupae was recorded for the larvae that were reared on pistachio (0.0275 ± 0.0004 g) while the lightest was on artificial diet (0.0216 ± 0.0004 g). In the next experiment, the effect of four diets was considered to assess the efficiency of pheromone traps in a twenty year old pomegranate orchard cultivated with Malasse Yazdi cultivars. The effect of food on catch of traps showed a significant difference. The virgin PFM that were fed with pomegranate attracted more males. Also the traps caught the males mostly from 11:00 pm until 4:00 am, with the peak time between 23:00 and midnight. No significant difference was seen between diet and time of catch, indicating that starting or ending time and the maximum time of catch was not affected by the diets.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae) agglutinin on the life table parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) 甜瓜科凝集素对蠓生命表参数的影响(鳞翅目:蚜科)

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.19

S. Ramzi, A. Sahragard, Jalal Jalali Sendi, A. Aalami

{"title":"Effect of Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae) agglutinin on the life table parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)","authors":"S. Ramzi, A. Sahragard, Jalal Jalali Sendi, A. Aalami","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"A Castanea crenata agglutinin (abbreviated as CCA) was extracted and purified from bitter apple, Citrullus colocynthis L., to determine its effects on the demographic parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller. Two groups of first larval instars were reared on an artificial diet containing 2% (w/w) of CCA and control diets until emergence of adults. Two Sex MS-chart life table software was used to analyze data and calculate life table parameters. Developmental times of larvae in control and CCA diets showed statistical differences for male, female except for third and fourth larval instars. It was found that A. ceratoniae larvae fed on control had a survival of 18 days but individuals fed on CCA diet survived for 12 days. The highest fecundity values of individuals fed on control and CCA diets were obtained at the age of 30 and 27 days, respectively. Adult longevity, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period and mean fecundity of A. ceratoniae fed on control were higher than those of individuals fed on CCA diet. The probabilities of a newborn egg surviving to age 28 days were 0.42 and 0.3 for control and CCA, respectively. Each female started egg laying on day 22 for control and 25 for CCA. Life expectancies of a newly laid egg were 29 days for control and 26 days for CCA treatment. Life table parameters except for mean generation time showed statistical differences between control and CCA treatments. These results demonstrated the negative effects of CCA on life table parameters of A. ceratoniae that might lead to a promising and alternative way to suppress population increase and damage caused by A. ceratoniae.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Mass rearing of Bracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae) on wax moth, Galleria mellonella (Lep.: Pyralidae) with varying density of parasitoid and the host 大群饲养白角鳗。蜡蛾(Galleria mellonella);寄主和寄生蜂的密度不同

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.39

Alam, S. Alam, M. Miah, M. Mian, Hossain Ma

{"title":"Mass rearing of Bracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae) on wax moth, Galleria mellonella (Lep.: Pyralidae) with varying density of parasitoid and the host","authors":"Alam, S. Alam, M. Miah, M. Mian, Hossain Ma","doi":"10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Rearing methods for Bracon hebetor (Say) (Hym., Braconidae) were investigated in the series of laboratory experiments designed to enhance the yield of the mass rearing of this parasitoid for biological control of lepidopteran field and stored product pests. In these experiments, the effects of parasitoid and host densities on fertility and sex ratio of B. hebetor were assessed. In parasitoid densities, 50 last-instar greater wax moth (GWM) Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae were placed per container and 1, 2, 4, 8 or10 pairs of B. hebetor (one male and one female) were released in each container. In host density study two pairs B. hebetor were introduce in six different densities (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60) of host, GWM per container. A density of ten male-female pairs of B. hebetor produced a higher number of progeny (205 ± 7.07 adults) on 50 last instar larvae of GWM. Similarly, in a host density experiment, a density of 60 last instars GWM larvae produced a significantly higher number of parasitoid progeny (142.0 ± 8.75 adults), followed by 50 last instar larvae (141.0 ± 8.34 adults) among the tested host densities when two pairs of B. hebetor were used. The sex ratio of progenies was male-biased in all studies and there were no significant effects on sex ratio in various parasitoid and host densities. In mass rearing experiment, total number of emerged parasitoids per 200 wax moth larvae was 1091 ± 82.38 adults with mean parasitism rate of 98 ± 0.8%.","PeriodicalId":15396,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Protection","volume":"5 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67683393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Quantitative detection of soybean rust using image processing techniques 利用图像处理技术定量检测大豆锈病

Journal of Crop Protection Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.18869/MODARES.JCP.5.1.75

J. Pujari, Rajesh Yakkundimath, S. Jahagirdar, Abdul Munaaf Byadgi

引用次数: 12