Journal of comparative and physiological psychology最新文献_第2页

Laboratory observations of aggregative behavior of garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. 吊带蛇聚集行为的实验室观察。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-12-01

S B Heller, M Halpern

引用次数: 0

Induced variability in the distribution of activity over the circadian cycle. 在生理周期中活动分布的诱导变异性。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-12-01

F E McManus, E J Wyers

引用次数: 0

Laboratory observations of aggregative behavior of garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis: roles of the visual, olfactory, and vomeronasal senses. 吊带蛇(Thamnophis sirtalis)聚集行为的实验室观察:视觉、嗅觉和滑鼻感觉的作用。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-12-01

S B Heller, M Halpern

{"title":"Laboratory observations of aggregative behavior of garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis: roles of the visual, olfactory, and vomeronasal senses.","authors":"S B Heller, M Halpern","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to determine (a) whether male garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) require a functional vomeronasal or olfactory system to return to previously preferred shelter locations and (b) the sensory modalities used by snakes to aggregate in the absence of previously deposited chemical cues. In Experiment 1, snakes with vomeronasal nerve lesions did not return to previously preferred shelter locations when tested individually. However, when tested with a group that included \"control\" animals, they returned to previously preferred shelters. The shelter-selection behavior of snakes with olfactory nerve lesions improved postoperatively, whereas the behavior of animals with sham lesions was unchanged. In Experiment 2, snakes were tested for aggregation in aquaria in which the substrate and other contents were cleaned between trials. After blindfolding or after olfactory nerve cuts, snakes aggregated at normal levels. When the snakes' vomeronasal ducts were sutured closed, aggregation scores were significantly depressed, although two of the three groups with vomeronasal duct sutures did aggregate just above chance levels. These studies indicate that use of chemical signals by garter snakes in shelter selection and aggregation is mediated by the vomeronasal system and that neither the olfactory nor the visual system is critical for these behaviors.","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 6","pages":"984-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18168250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence for the involvement of orbitofrontal cortex in memory functions: an interference effect. 眶额皮质参与记忆功能的证据:干扰效应。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-12-01 DOI: 10.1037/0735-7036.96.6.913

D T Stuss, E F Kaplan, D F Benson, W S Weir, S Chiulli, F F Sarazin

{"title":"Evidence for the involvement of orbitofrontal cortex in memory functions: an interference effect.","authors":"D T Stuss, E F Kaplan, D F Benson, W S Weir, S Chiulli, F F Sarazin","doi":"10.1037/0735-7036.96.6.913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7036.96.6.913","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is frequently stated that the frontal lobes play a significant role in memory function, research proof has been ambiguous at best. This problem was addressed by administering a variety of memory tests to 16 schizophrenic patients who had undergone prefrontal leucotomy approximately 25 years earlier. The 16 were divided into three groups on the basis of recovery after surgery. Two comparison groups were established to control for psychiatric symptomatology, years of institutionalization, age, and years of education. The results demonstrate that large bilateral orbitofrontal lesions may not result in amnesia; in fact, the nonoperated schizophrenic control group performed the most poorly. Proactive interference was demonstrated, however, resulting in significant impairment for all patients with prefrontal lobe damage despite normal scores on commonly used memory tests. Ability to maintain consistent and directed attention and to overcome interference is proposed as a role of the frontal lobes in memory function.","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 6","pages":"913-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/0735-7036.96.6.913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18168389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 159

Behavioral detection of subcortical stimuli: comparison of somatosensory and "motor" circuits. 皮层下刺激的行为检测:体感觉和“运动”回路的比较。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077920

C M Bourassa, J E Swett

{"title":"Behavioral detection of subcortical stimuli: comparison of somatosensory and \"motor\" circuits.","authors":"C M Bourassa, J E Swett","doi":"10.1037/h0077920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077920","url":null,"abstract":"Cats were trained to press a lever for food reinforcement in response to stimulation of the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus and the deep cerebellar nuclei. By scaling stimulus intensities relative to the appearance of a minimal amplitude evoked response in pericruciate cortex, it was possible to measure behavioral detection thresholds and correlate behavior with electrocortical activity. With stimulus rates of 25 Hz or greater, VL was the least effective stimulus site for producing detection. At stimulus rates less than 25 Hz, stimulation of the lateral or interpositus nuclei was even less effective in eliciting behavior, but at rates of 25 Hz or more, detection thresholds decreased below those for VL stimulation; cerebellar stimulation produced detection as readily as had stimulation of the ventrobasal complex in other experiments. These findings suggest that the cerebellum may modulate sensory experiences and that some portions of cerebral cortex, the pericruciate and suprasylvian regions, do not appear to be directly involved in mediating sensory detection. It is postulated that the neural detection circuits are more likely to be found in subcortical than in cerebrocortical structures.","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 5","pages":"679-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17354343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Role of retroactive interference in the spatial memory of normal rats and rats with hippocampal lesions. 回溯性干扰在正常大鼠和海马病变大鼠空间记忆中的作用。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077926

L E Jarrard, D G Elmes

{"title":"Role of retroactive interference in the spatial memory of normal rats and rats with hippocampal lesions.","authors":"L E Jarrard, D G Elmes","doi":"10.1037/h0077926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077926","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of retroactive interference (RI) in memory for spatial locations was studied by using a 12-arm radial maze and a standard RI paradigm. Animals in the RI condition first learned to choose 4 of the 12 arms, followed by training to a second set of 4 arms. In the control condition for interference, rats learned the first set of arms but were not trained to approach the second set. Thereafter, animals in each interference condition were assigned to groups (hippocampal, cortical control, unoperated control), the operations were carried out, and then all animals were tested for retention of the set of arms learned first. Contrary to predictions of the cognitive map theory, O'Keefe & Nadel, 1978), RI was found in control animals. The severe memory deficit found in hippocampals was not influenced by the interference variable. In addition to impaired performance early in relearning, rats with hippocampal lesions continued to make many errors throughout the 10 wk of testing, including choices to unbaited arms and repeated entries into baited arms. However, hippocampals eventually learned not to reenter unbaited arms. These data indicate a deficit in the selection and utilization of sets of responses and are interpreted as implicating the hippocampus in retrieval processes.","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 5","pages":"699-711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18158248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Acquisition and extended retention of a conditioned taste aversion in preweanling rats. 断奶前大鼠条件性味觉厌恶的习得和延长保留。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077916

L Schweitzer, L Green

引用次数: 18

Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose following training in a discriminated y-maze avoidance task. 辨别y迷宫回避任务训练后2-脱氧-d -葡萄糖的脑区域摄取。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077922

J L Martinez, C Petty, R B Messing

引用次数: 21

Responsiveness of Phormia regina to saline. 地区狼对生理盐水的反应性。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077917

S Zawistowski, J Hirsch

引用次数: 3

Pavlovian conditioning with ethanol and lithium: effects on heart rate and taste aversion in rats. 巴甫洛夫条件反射与乙醇和锂:对大鼠心率和味觉厌恶的影响。

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077924

L D Wilkin, C L Cunningham, R D Fitzgerald

引用次数: 0