{"title":"A Note on Cascaded Limiters","authors":"J. Aein, W. Doyle","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1965.5009636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1965.5009636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127671386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Strategy for Obtaining Explicit Estimators of Signal Delay","authors":"P. Wintz","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1965.5009632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1965.5009632","url":null,"abstract":"A new strategy for extracting the delay parameter τ from observed data of the form s(t - τ) + n(t), where s(t) is a deterministic signal and n(t) is a sample function from an arbitrary random process, is presented and analyzed. The strategy requires no a priori statistics of the delay parameter and only second-order statistics (the autocorrelation function) of the additive noise process. The strategy involves correlating the received data with the sum of the properly weighted signal derivatives or, alternately, passing the observed data into a linear filter matched to the sum of the properly weighted signal derivatives. The filter output is approximately given by the true signal delay plus a term due to the noise.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117318142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sampled-Data Prediction for Telemetry Bandwidth Compression","authors":"J. Medlin","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1965.5009633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1965.5009633","url":null,"abstract":"A portion of an exploratory investigation conducted recently at Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Sunnyvale, Calif., into the comparative effectiveness of various prediction techniques for data compression is described. The comparisons were made by simulation with an IBM 7094 digital computer with the use of approximately 150,000 samples of actual vehicle telemetry data received during a typical satellite launching, in addition to synthetic telemetry data. The compression techniques discussed employed zero-, first-, and second-order polynomial predictors, or modifications thereof. The results showed that one of the zero-order techniques (one which would be relatively simple to implement) was the most effective in removing redundancy from the data. Although these data were somewhat limited both in scope and quantity, the results tend to support the oft-repeated objection to polynomial predictors that an inordinate amount of emphasis is given to sample points far removed from the point to be predicted, compared to that afforded the most recent samples.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115725438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oscillator Stability","authors":"J. Develet","doi":"10.1109/tset.1965.5009634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tset.1965.5009634","url":null,"abstract":"The definition and significance of oscillator stability continually arise in communication and radar system design. This paper relates the conventional definition of oscillator stability to the more fundamental frequency error process of the oscillator through an integral equation. Both short-and long-term stability are encompassed by the definition. Since in general the integral equation cannot be solved, certain frequency error processes are postulated, and the stability is derived therefrom.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131376658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Experimental Photo-Tape Slit Camera System","authors":"W. Poch","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4337581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4337581","url":null,"abstract":"The basic principles and advantages of recording and storing optical images in the form of equivalent electrical charge patterns on a special kind of flexible tape are presented. An experimental model of a slit-type camera system is described which was designed to demonstrate the feasibility of this method of recording. This type of camera system is particularly well suited to the recording of images of the earth's cloud cover from an orbiting satellite. Storing these images temporarily and reading them out in the form of a video signal when the satellite is near a ground station completes a cycle of operations. Results of preliminary tests are reported which verify the validity of the basic concepts involved in this kind of video recording system.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123412150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimum-Error Probabilities in Demodulation of Binary PCM Signals","authors":"Earl F. Smith","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4337580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4337580","url":null,"abstract":"For ordinary binary PCM waveforms, the minimum-error probability demodulation operation is determined when decisions are made one-word-at-a-time utilizing an arbitrary number, n, of statistically dependent, received, noisy words. A method is then developed for simulating the minimum-error demodulation with a digital computer for the case of additive white Gaussian noise. By a Monte Carlo technique, minimum-error probabilities are computed for Gaussian data for n = 2 and n = 1, and for 3-bit and 6-bit words. The results are applicable regardless of the waveforms used to represent the binary digits (or bits). These results indicate that for word-error probabilities less than about 0.1, no very significant power gains accrue from the use of statistical dependence in the data unless the correlation coefficients between data samples are large (i.e., 0.98 or greater) for a large number of transmitted samples. However, the results also indicate that the effect of using the statistical dependence in the data is to reduce errors in the high order (most significant) bits of the code. Hence, significant gains might be obtained if an error amplitude criterion were used rather than error probability.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"692 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115971568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic Fields near Twisted Wires","authors":"A. Alksne","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4337582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4337582","url":null,"abstract":"Formulas are given for the field near twisted leads carrying equal and opposite direct currents, and results are plotted in dimensionless form for various cases. At some points twisting the wires is shown to strengthen rather than weaken the field.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123293207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple Access to a Hard-Limiting Communication-Satellite Repeater","authors":"J. Aein","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4337583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4337583","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the communication capability of a hard-limiting satellite repeater when spread-spectrum signals are used for asynchronous access multiplexing. It derives formal results which indicate the most suitable system bandwidth and the resulting maximum number of simultaneous users as a function of the ratio of the received signal power (over the entire system bandwidth) from the satellite to the available noise power density at the ground station receiver. Equally important, the paper sets forth the assumptions and approximations necessary to achieve the formal results and examines their weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124741143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Tape Transport Flutter on Spectrum and Correlation Analysis","authors":"A. G. Ratz","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4337579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4337579","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of spectral density and correlation functions from vibration and acoustic signals, etc., has been undergoing a continuing process of refinement. This refinement has been brought about by more and more stringent analysis requirements. The design of improved analyzers to meet such requirements has been going on concurrently. Usually the signals to be analyzed are played back from magnetic tape recorders. The flutter of the tape transports involved can degrade or effectively destroy such possible desired parameters as high resolution, high dynamic range, extreme accuracy of analysis, etc., for either spectral density or correlation function plots. Formulae are developed to show how both sinusoidal and random components of flutter introduce error into the analysis, and to indicate how flutter limits the range of useable values of spectral resolution, correlation time-delay, etc. The pertinent features of a tape transport, the influential characteristics of its flutter, etc., are also discussed. Suggestions are also given regarding the interpretation of the data on transport flutter that is usually available.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132930438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telemetry Error Measurements Using Pseudo-Random Signals","authors":"T. H. Shepertycki","doi":"10.1109/TSET.1964.4335603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSET.1964.4335603","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional methods of measuring wide-band data error in continuous telemetry systems use shaped random noise to simulate the signal. This article describes the advantages of using discrete pseudo-random signals for this application. Results for a typical frequency-division telemetry system are presented.","PeriodicalId":153922,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115265431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}