Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria最新文献

{"title":"DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION IN SOME SELECTED VEGETABLES FROM MAMUDO, POTISKUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, YOBE STATE","authors":"A. Abdulkadir, C. A. Kendeson, A. Mohammed, B. Sabo, I. C. Obiagwu, N. S. Samuel","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v48i1.839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v48i1.839","url":null,"abstract":"Soil is a vital environmental, ecological and agricultural resource that has to be protected from further degradation as an adequate supply of healthy food is needed for the world’s increasing population. Heavy metals’ accumulation in the soil is of great concern in agricultural production due to the adverse effects on food quality, crop growth and environmental health. The concentration of heavy metals [Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr)] in vegetables (Tomato fruit and Spinach leaves) and soils (Tomato and Spinach soils) were collected from different farmlands in Mamudo, Potiskum L.G.A of Yobe State and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The results revealed all the heavy metals were detected in all the samples with Zn (7.2), Fe (7.5), Pb (4.0), Cu (113.9), Cd (29.1), Cr (4.7) mg/kg respectively for the tomatoes samples and Zn (7.1), Fe (18.3), Pb (21.8), Cu (95.7), Cd (50.8), and Cr (2.7) mg/kg respectively for the spinach. The concentration of the heavy metals were within the normal range World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) safe limits of 20 – 100, 400 – 500 and 0.5 – 30 for Zn, Fe and Pb respectively in plants samples. But the concentration of the heavy metals were above the normal range WHO/FAO safe limits of 2.5 < 2.4 and < 0.1 – 1 for Cu, Cd, and Cr respectively in plants samples. The high concentration level of Cu, Cd and Cr could be attributed to the high level of metal work, vehicular emissions, addition of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals to the soil to enhance the agricultural crops. Therefore, the vegetables samples are not safe for consumption with regards to Cu, Cd and Cr.","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75550571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOLVENT-FREE PREPARATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF METAL (II) COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM CLOXACILLIN","authors":"S. Jibril, B. Saje, I. Musa, D. Dahuwa, H. U. Maigari","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v48i1.845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v48i1.845","url":null,"abstract":"The authors use an environmental friendly, solvent-free method to prepare metal (II) complexes of cloxacillin and to determine the activity of the complexes. The complexes are more active against the bacteria isolates than the free cloxacillin. The spectral studies showed the cloxacillin (ligand) as monobasic bidentate material that form a complex with metal ion through the carbonyl of amide and carboxylate groups of carboxylic acid, microanalysis results prove that the ligand to metal ratio is 2:1. The researchers recommend the use of solvent-free drugs in the manufacture of metal (II) complexes of active pharmaceutical ingredients to avoid the excessive use of solvents that cause global problems.","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75580756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THERMAL MODIFICATION OF NEW SORGHUM AND MILLET CULTIVARS: EFFECTS ON COMPOSITION, PROTEIN QUALITY AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF FLOURS","authors":"S. Y. Bagirei, M. Makeri, M. H. Badau, P. Idakwo","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.837","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by consumers’ need to limit gluten intake in their diets, the demand for gluten‐free products continues to grow in the foodservice industry. Two newly released sorghum and millet cultivars were thermally modified and their responses to the pre-gelatinization (PG) determined by evaluating their chemical compositions, amino acids profile and functional properties using standard procedures. Protein efficiency ratio, essential amino acid index, biological value, nutritional index and amino acid score were calculated from the amino acid profile. PG increased the total carbohydrate by 7% and 3.7% in sorghum and millet respectively. The millet showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values of fat, carbohydrate and energy than did the sorghum, whereas the latter exhibited higher ash and protein content. PG significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the ash, fat and protein contents of both sorghum and millet flours. Of the essential amino acids (EAA) of the raw flours, millet exhibited significantly (P<0.05) higher values of histidine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine, with no significant difference in leucine and lysine between the two grains. While PG induced increase in all the EAA in sorghum except phenylalanine, millet showed decrease in histidine, lysine and threonine. PG increased the EAA millet in valine by 11% followed by isoleucine (8%), threonine (7.3%), methionine (4.4%), phenylalanine (4.3%) and leucine (2.6%). significant (p < 0.05) increase of 82% and 12% in isoleucine and threonine. The WAC of raw millet flour (192.2%) was significantly higher than that of sorghum flour (189.7%), but PG reduced the WAC of both sorghum and millet flours by 11.9% and 12.5%, respectively. Results from the study indicated that pregelatinized sorghum and millet flours are good replacement as source of gluten-free products to meet varied consumers choices and changing dietary habits. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78880755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RISK ASSESSMENT, LEVELS, SPECIATION AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METALS (Cd and Cu) IN WATER AND PARTICLE SIZES OF SEDIMENTS FROM HUNKI OX-BOW LAKE, AWE LGA, NASARAWA STATE-NIGERIA","authors":"U. Augustine, R. Sha’Ato, R. Wuana, T. Tor-anyiin","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.838","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed at assessment of the levels, speciation, risk assessment indices and seasonal variation of heavy metals (Cd and Cu) in water and sediments from Hunki Ox-bow Lake in Awe L.G.A of Nasarawa State, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), during the dry and wet seasons. The mean concentration of Cd in water samples of both dry and wet seasons was higher than that of Cu, but Cu was higher than Cd on the whole (raw) sediment samples. The baseline levels of Cd and Cu in water samples (mg/L) were as follows: Cd (0.354) and Cu (0.014), which revealed that Cd level in water was higher than the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. The baseline levels of Cd and Cu in sediment samples (mg/kg) were as follows: Cd (7.149) and Cu (8.363) which showed that Cd and Cu were lower than Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines – High of (Cd: 10 and Cu: 270 mg/kg). However, Cd level from sediment was higher than Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines – Low of 1.5 mg/kg but that of Cu was lower (65 mg/kg). Results of the Tessier five-step sequential extraction procedure indicated that Cd was more in the first four steps of the sequential extraction (non-residual) which accounted for 84.64 - 94.52 % in both seasons. Copper dominated more of the organic matter fraction of the sediments (48.17 – 85.54 %) for both dry and wet seasons. The mean of Bioavailability Index (BI) for wet season was relatively higher than that of dry season. The mean values of Mobility Factor (MF) revealed that Cd had higher values than Cu irrespective of seasons. This indicated that Cd was more mobilizable and bioavailable to this aquatic ecosystem compared to Cu. The geo-accumulation Index (I-geo) values of Cd showed practically unpolluted (sites 1, 2 and 5 of dry season), moderately polluted (sites 3 and 4 of dry season), heavily polluted (sites 1, 2, 4 and 5 of wet season) to very heavily polluted (site 3of wet season). The I-geo values of Cu indicated practically unpolluted. In dry season generally, Contamination Factor (Cf) values for Cd were all moderate in dry season. The Cf values of Cd indicated very high contamination factor for wet season, while that of Cu was low in both seasons. In both seasons, the ecological risk index (Er) of Cd in dry season had low to moderate ecological risk, and high to serious ecological risk in wet season. The Er values of Cu were low. This study revealed that: sediments and water samples of the dry season had lower concentration of Cd and Cu than in wet season; concentrations of Cd and Cu from sediments were more of manmade sources rather than natural sources and most ecological risk indices evaluated revealed that Cd had greater ecological risk. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80308639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REMOVAL OF SILVER AND CADMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER USING CHEMICALLY MODIFIED PALM KERNEL SHELLS.","authors":"V. Onwukeme, C. C. Egemba","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.836","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to assess the efficiency of modified palm kernel shells in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Palm kernel (PK) shell an abundant waste from palm fruits was modified using polyaspartic acid sodium salt (PASP-Na). The raw PK shells as well as the modified shells were used to remove silver and cadmium from wastewater collected from the image developing section of a printing press. The raw Pk shells removed 8.39% of Cadmium and 88.88% of Silver from the wastewater. However, the modified PK shells showed greater adsorption capacity with 21.54% and 9.8% increase in cadmium and silver adsorption respectively. The effect of reaction conditions; contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, effluent volume and temperature was investigated using an adsorption column. This study showed that chemically modified palm kernel shells can be used to reduce heavy metal concentration in industrial effluents. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81004234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RISK ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN WATER SAMPLES FROM NWANIBA RIVER, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"E. Moses, D. J. Akpan, S. Shaibu","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.835","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological risk assessment of pesticide residues is not only germane but critical in view of their inherent health challenges and for informed decision-making process. This study was conducted to assess the levels of contamination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water from Nwaniba River in Uruan Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The analysis was carried out using Gas Chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The obtained results revealed the predominance of Dieldrin in the different samples of water analysed from Ufak Effiong in the Southern District (station I) and Akani Obio in Uruan Central District (station II) of Uruan. Pesticide levels were found to be significantly higher than the World Health Organization /Food and Agricultural Association (WHO/FAO) Maximum Residue Limits (MRL). The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) ranged from Below detection limit (BDL) - 2.37 × 10-1 ng/µL for water samples. Carcinogenic risk values for γ-BHC, delta-BHC, Dieldrin, Endosulfan I and Heptachlor epoxide in the water samples were found to be less than 1.0 × 10−5, thus posing no potentially serious cancer risk to consumers. The values of cancer risk obtained were lower (6.448 × 10- 11 and 7.208 × 10-11) than the established maximum limit. Hazard index (HI) values calculated for pesticide consumption through water by children and adults are all above unity, indicating that high toxic risks are associated with them. The HI values for children exposure are significantly lower compared to those of adults of Ufak Effiong and Akani Obio. This study reveals that the physicochemical parameters of water obtained from both stations were below the maximum permitted levels set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). It also provides a baseline data and critical information to encourage effective monitory and management of the ecosystem. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72971294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF THE METHANOL EXTRACT FROM THE LEAVES OF Solanum americanum.","authors":"R. Nwabiani, A. S. Ogbuagu, I. O. Okerulu","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.834","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimated the quantity of some phyto- compounds as well as the antioxidants activities of the methanol leave extract of Solanum americanum [S.a]. The quantitative phytochemical analysis were carried out using gravimetric and spectroscopic method while the antioxidant activities were assayed using free radical scavenging activities of DPPH, Nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and ABTS. The quantitative analysis showed that the phenolic content of the leaves to have highest concentration at 62mg/100g alkaloids 60mg/100g, total flavonoids and tannins 48 and 45mg/100g respectively. The extract showed inhibitory potential against DPPH free radical, the inhibitory percentages vary from 33.68±0.74 to 80.83±1.10 at 100µg/ml for the methanol extract of the plant Solanum americanum to 48.19±0.73 to 84.59±0.91 at 100µg/ml for the standard [ascorbic acid]. The maximum NO scavenging activity of the plant extract to ascorbic acid are 77.89±0.69 to 89.19±0.35 at a concentration of 100µg/ml. The IC50 value are 47.79 for the inhibition of the plant extract while that of the standard is 27.80. ABTS assay free radical scavenging percent inhibition has an increased concentration from 25-100 μg/ml at 33.75±0.87- 71.92±0.15. H2O2 radicals scavenging activity inhibition percentage of methanol leaf extract of the plant Solanum americanum was from 53.82±0.37 to 76.89±0.32 at 25-100μg/ml as compared to the standard with inhibition percentage from 78.35±0.79 to 95.18±0.37. The quantitative analysis showed that the phenolic content has the highest concentration, hence has the most antioxidant activity also that the plant has strong free radical scavenging activities. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91346143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METAL BIOACCUMULATION CAPACITIES OF THREE MAJOR YAM SPECIES FROM MINING AND NON-MINING AREAS IN EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. Oko, S. C. Agwu","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.831","url":null,"abstract":"Possible bioaccumulation of metals by crop plants grown within mining sites is a source of fear to many informed consumers. Three main yam species majorly consumed in Ebonyi State were sourced from within the mining sites (Nwakpu Enyigba Community and Ndufu-Alike) of Ebonyi state, Nigeria and were screened for possible bioaccumulation of some heavy metals including: Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Chromium, Zinc, Arsenic, Copper and Nickel using standard methods. The result showed that water yam from mining sites accumulated highest amounts of copper, mercury, zinc and cadmium while yellow yam from mining sites compared with the water yam from mining sites only in copper concentration but higher in both arsenic and chromium. The concentration of nickel in all the yams could be said to be negligible. It is worthy of note however that water yam from the non-mining sites had no trace of the various metals except for copper. Yellow yam and egum from mining sites both had a lead concentration of 0.03ppm each, while all the yams from non-mining sites had no lead content. The concentrations of nickel were found to be negligible in all the yam samples studied. Although the yams grown in the mining areas contained various levels of the heavy metals studied, it should be noted that the heavy metals are still within the WHO Maximum Allowable Limit and therefore, consumption of yams from such areas may not actually posse any health risk \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80770338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPECIATION OF TRACE METALS IN SEDIMENT OF A TROPICAL RIVER","authors":"I. Nwoke, E. I. Uwah, E. Inam, I. E. Udosen, E. D. Udosen","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.829","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrations and speciation of Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As, Ni in sediment from New Calabar River, Nigeria were assayed. Concentrations of the trace metals were determined using UNICAM solar 969 AAS. Speciation was done using five steps sequential extractions. Results revealed that for wet and dry seasons, concentrations (mg/kg) of the metals in the sediment ranged from 1.1E-2±1.0E-3 for As to 5.17±0.04 for Ni and that majority of the metals were bound to the residual fraction (F5), while Cu was mostly bound to the exchangeable fraction (F1). Overall trend of speciation indicated that Cr was higher in F5 and lower in fraction bound to organic matter (F4). It also indicated that Cu was higher in F5 and lower in F4 and that Pb was higher in F1 and lower in F4; Ni higher in F5 and lower in F4. The study has indeed provided data and information on the pollution status of the river. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80647187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UTILIZATION OF BOX-WILSON EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MATRIX IN BIOGAS PRODUCTION: A RESPONSE SURFACE APPROACH.","authors":"F. Okwunodulu, A. E. Umoh, S. M. Ufearoh","doi":"10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v47i6.830","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas is a renewable energy comprising mixture of gases produced from organic matter, mostly waste, by mixture of bacteria anaerobically using a digester as a bioreactor. It can be burnt to generate heat, electricity or be used as vehicle fuel. The residual (digestate) can be used as fertilizer. This study was carried out to optimize the temperature of the reactor and biogas yield from three independent variables (K=3) namely waste biomass (yam peel, potato peel, unripe plantain peel, watermelon waste, cabbage waste, bread fruit husk, melon husk and cow dung) as feed stock, pH and retention time designed according to Box-Wilson (1951) experimental design matrix. The three variables were varied, each into five equal spaced levels; feedstock volume (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14) litres; pH (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) and retention time (7, 14, 21, 28, 35) days. The feedstock was fermented inside locally fabricated biodigester for maximum of 35 days. A total of 21 experimental runs were generated and subjected to response surface data analysis using MINITAB (version 11.21). A Central Composite Rotatable Response Surface Design (CCRRSD) model was employed to study the linear, quadratic, and cross product effects of the three variables on the biogas yield and temperature of the reactor. Six-dimensional response surface contour figures were plotted to visualize the effects of process variables on the responses with MATLAB (version R2007b). Results revealed that at variable combinations of 10, 6 and 35 respectively for feedstock volume, pH and retention time, there was maximum biogas yield (4. 42 litres) at temperature (33oC i.e mesophilic temperature). Minimum values of biogas yield (0.95 litres) at temperature (28oC) were equally obtained at variable combinations of 10, 6, 7 respectively for volume of feedstock, pH and retention time. Regression coefficient and ANOVA analysis also revealed significant (P < 0.05) negative linear correlation of pH on the temperature of the reactor and positive correlation of retention time on temperature of the reactor quadratically. The three variables have positive linear and interactive effect on the volume of biogas yield with negative effect on the interaction of feedstock and pH. Coefficient of determination was given as 62.03% and 64.93% with R values of 0.79 and 0.81 for the temperature reactor and volume of the biogas obtained respectively hence the model gave good fit for such optimization. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15357,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84661163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}