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A game-theoretic approach to decision making under uncertainty 不确定条件下决策的博弈论方法
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C131::AID-ISAF161%3E3.0.CO;2-0
R. Yager
{"title":"A game-theoretic approach to decision making under uncertainty","authors":"R. Yager","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C131::AID-ISAF161%3E3.0.CO;2-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C131::AID-ISAF161%3E3.0.CO;2-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122399712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
SCOPE: a blackboard model-based decision support system for crude-oil trading 适用范围:基于黑板模型的原油交易决策支持系统
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C89::AID-ISAF166%3E3.0.CO;2-G
Joseph G. Davis, E. Subrahmanian, A. Westerberg
{"title":"SCOPE: a blackboard model-based decision support system for crude-oil trading","authors":"Joseph G. Davis, E. Subrahmanian, A. Westerberg","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C89::AID-ISAF166%3E3.0.CO;2-G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199906)8:2%3C89::AID-ISAF166%3E3.0.CO;2-G","url":null,"abstract":"A complex decision problem dealing with crude-oil trading is hierarchically decomposed into multiple subproblems. A blackboard architecture for a Decision Support System (DSS) called SCOPE is developed in which the subproblems generated during the initial decision analysis can be mapped to relevant knowledge sources incorporating the most appropriate techniques for each. A prototype implementation of SCOPE-0, an expert system application using Knowledge Engineering Environment (KEE) for supporting the most critical subproblem—crude-oil evaluation—is presented. Some of the lessons learned from this research project, methodological issues, and promising future directions for DSS design are outlined. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124679934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk analysis for electronic commerce using case-based reasoning 基于案例推理的电子商务风险分析
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C61::AID-ISAF156%3E3.0.CO;2-6
C. Jung, Ingoo Han, Bomil Suh
{"title":"Risk analysis for electronic commerce using case-based reasoning","authors":"C. Jung, Ingoo Han, Bomil Suh","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C61::AID-ISAF156%3E3.0.CO;2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C61::AID-ISAF156%3E3.0.CO;2-6","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic commerce (EC) appears to be essential for an organization’s survival and growth. Then the security of the EC systems, which ensures authorized and correct transaction processing, becomes one of the most critical issues in implementing the systems. The analysis of risk that a system faces is the core part of security management since risk analysis can identify the principal assets, the threats and the vulnerabilities of those assets, and the risks confronting the assets. This study intends to develop a risk analysis system in an EC environment using the case-based reasoning (CBR) technique. The process of the proposed system is composed of four steps: initial data collection, asset evaluation, threat and vulnerability evaluation, and result generation of risk analysis. This process follows the traditional risk analysis process. This system employs the casebase of past analyses and security accidents. Although some studies introduced several case-based systems for risk analysis of traditional information system, none of them is under an EC environment. The proposed system is the first to apply the CBR technique for risk analysis of an EC system. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131280332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 69
Stockbot: a monitoring and acting software agent for stock markets Stockbot:股票市场的监控和代理软件
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C3::AID-ISAF152%3E3.0.CO;2-A
A. Milani, S. Marcugini
{"title":"Stockbot: a monitoring and acting software agent for stock markets","authors":"A. Milani, S. Marcugini","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C3::AID-ISAF152%3E3.0.CO;2-A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C3::AID-ISAF152%3E3.0.CO;2-A","url":null,"abstract":"Stockbot is a software agent designed for the task of monitoring an electronic stock market in order to execute investor purchase or sale orders. Stockbot represents a tool for managing the dynamical complexity of electronic stock markets by establishing a virtual portfolio manager. Its main goal is to exhibit a behaviour which is a timely, continuous, dynamical response to changes in the market situations in accordance to the user profile and goals. The software agent maintains and dynamically updates a user model which records histories of previous user orders, patterns of user observed behaviour, and user preferences and goals. The software architecture integrates conventional and knowledge-based software technologies such as conditional and iterative planning, continuous conditions monitoring, robust failure management, inter-agent communication primitives and events networks. A Dynamical Query Language is used to describe stockbot behaviour. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127266736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Dynamic web server construction on the intranet using a change management framework 使用变更管理框架在内部网上构建动态web服务器
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C45::AID-ISAF155%3E3.0.CO;2-B
Soon-Young Huh, Kyoung-Il Bae
{"title":"Dynamic web server construction on the intranet using a change management framework","authors":"Soon-Young Huh, Kyoung-Il Bae","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C45::AID-ISAF155%3E3.0.CO;2-B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C45::AID-ISAF155%3E3.0.CO;2-B","url":null,"abstract":"As organizations increasingly emphasize effective collaborative working through networked systems, the World Wide Web (WWW) server and associated intranet technologies are gaining wider acceptance as a new enterprise-wide information systems paradigm. In an intranet collaborative working environment, data used in the web server are usually modified more frequently than are those used in a traditional internet web server. Thus, to support synchronous collaboration without causing any inconsistency among multiple concurrent users, the intranet web server must provide users with synchronized and consistent views of shared data. However, current web technologies have limitations in supporting this, largely because the existing Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is unidirectional and does not allow web servers to send messages to their web browsers without first receiving requests from them. This paper proposes a web-based change management framework that can overcome such limitations and support synchronous collaboration in an intranet computing environment. The web-based change management framework facilitates management of dependency relationships between shared data in the web server and dependent user views in the client web browser and allows the web server to actively propagate changing details of the shared objects to all users referencing them. On the basis of the change management framework, we propose a dynamic web server that can support synchronous collaboration in various intranet-based collaborative systems including concurrent engineering design systems and electronic approval systems. The prototype system of the dynamic web server is developed on a commercial Object-oriented Database Management System (ODBMS) called OBJECTSTORE using the C++ programming language.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131281978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Learning agent architecture for design and manufacturing knowledge on the Web: an extension of enterprise resource planning capabilities Web上设计和制造知识的学习代理体系结构:企业资源规划能力的扩展
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C15::AID-ISAF153%3E3.0.CO;2-Q
Steven H. Kim
{"title":"Learning agent architecture for design and manufacturing knowledge on the Web: an extension of enterprise resource planning capabilities","authors":"Steven H. Kim","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C15::AID-ISAF153%3E3.0.CO;2-Q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199903)8:1%3C15::AID-ISAF153%3E3.0.CO;2-Q","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116174432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The fuzzy multicriteria analysis method: an application on NPV ranking 模糊多准则分析法在净现值排序中的应用
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C243::AID-ISAF157%3E3.0.CO;2-F
E. Haven
{"title":"The fuzzy multicriteria analysis method: an application on NPV ranking","authors":"E. Haven","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C243::AID-ISAF157%3E3.0.CO;2-F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C243::AID-ISAF157%3E3.0.CO;2-F","url":null,"abstract":"The Net Present Value (NPV) approach is often used as a tool to rank projects and it uses a total order approach. This paper applies a new method developed by De Baets and Van de Walle (1994, 1995) and which we will call ‘fuzzy multicriteria analysis’ (FMCA). The main objective of this new method is to weaken the total order into a fuzzy quasi-order in which incomparability between alternatives is possible. Although other methods such as Roy’s outranking method also deal with the issue of incomparability, there are important methodological differences between FMCA and outranking. We consider first an application of FMCA to a general NPV ranking problem. Some properties are derived which may be useful and we then describe an application to a practical example in which three projects yield the same NPV outcome. Different alpha-cuts imply different crisp quasi-orders. The use of FMCA shows that, in this sample case, though the projects have equal NPVs, a ranking may still be possible. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Neural networks for the analysis and forecasting of advertising and promotion impact 用于分析和预测广告和促销影响的神经网络
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C253::AID-ISAF150%3E3.0.CO;2-X
Hean-Lee Poh, Jingtao Yao, T. Jasic
{"title":"Neural networks for the analysis and forecasting of advertising and promotion impact","authors":"Hean-Lee Poh, Jingtao Yao, T. Jasic","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C253::AID-ISAF150%3E3.0.CO;2-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199812)7:4%3C253::AID-ISAF150%3E3.0.CO;2-X","url":null,"abstract":"Allocating advertising expenses and forecasting total sales levels are the key issues in retailing, especially when many products are covered and significant cross-effects among products are likely. Various statistical and econometric methods could be applied for such analyses. We explore how well neural networks can be used in analyzing the effects of advertising and promotion on sales in this article. The results reveal that the predictive quality of neural networks depends on the different frequency of data observed, i.e. daily or weekly data models, and the specific learning algorithms used. The study also shows that neural networks are capable of capturing the nonlinear aspects of complex relationships in non-stationary data. By performing sensitivity analysis, neural networks can potentially single out important input variables, thereby making it useful for scenario development and practical use. ≈ 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121526758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 51
Using a genetic algorithm-based classifier system for modeling auditor decision behavior in a fraud setting 使用基于遗传算法的分类器系统对欺诈设置中的审计师决策行为进行建模
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C173::AID-ISAF147%3E3.0.CO;2-5
O. Welch, Thomas E. Reeves, Sandra T. Welch
{"title":"Using a genetic algorithm-based classifier system for modeling auditor decision behavior in a fraud setting","authors":"O. Welch, Thomas E. Reeves, Sandra T. Welch","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C173::AID-ISAF147%3E3.0.CO;2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C173::AID-ISAF147%3E3.0.CO;2-5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses a classification problem involving the decisions of Defense Contractor Audit Agency (DCAA) auditors when they are estimating the likelihood of fraud by contractors developing bids for government contracts. The objective of the study is to investigate if this decision involves non-algebraic processes associated with a posited simultaneous decision model or algebraic processes posited by sequential decision processes. We propose that in classification decision models involving simultaneous processing, genetic algorithms represent an innovative heuristic approach, which may produce improved models when compared to traditional mathematical approaches. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131222881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
The design of EDI controls using case-based reasoning: EDICBR 使用基于案例推理的EDI控件的设计:EDICBR
Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C135::AID-ISAF148%3E3.0.CO;2-C
Sangjae Lee, Ingoo Han
{"title":"The design of EDI controls using case-based reasoning: EDICBR","authors":"Sangjae Lee, Ingoo Han","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C135::AID-ISAF148%3E3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1174(199809)7:3%3C135::AID-ISAF148%3E3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives a description of EDICBR (EDI Controls design using Case-Based Reasoning), a case-based reasoning model for generating recommendations of EDI controls. The case base of EDICBR is composed of slots that include environmental and EDI controls. This system makes it possible to propose the EDI controls most needed in certain organizational contexts. This is performed by the following two steps. First, it suggests that the most probable level of controls from the cases be retrieved. Second, it determines the required controls that have the highest performance among the retrieved cases. EDICBR uses past cases to remind EDI auditors of similar cases and provides control recommendations. As a method to evaluate the effectiveness of EDICBR, the predictive power of the system is compared with that of multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA). The results show that the case-based reasoner outperforms MDA in predictive accuracy. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":153549,"journal":{"name":"Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126102166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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