{"title":"From Indirect Evidence to Head-to-Head Trials in Anticoagulation: Clinical Implications of the COBRRA Moment in DOAC Treatment.","authors":"Andrej Belancic, Josip Andelo Borovac","doi":"10.1177/10742484261440329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261440329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261440329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intravenous Canrenone in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Reappraisal of Clinical Utility.","authors":"Shameer Tahir","doi":"10.1177/10742484261429978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261429978","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261429978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147815683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chau Thi Kim Doan, Anh Tan To Le, Chieu Thi Truong, Loc Duc Ngo, Tran Tran Nguyen, Duy Tran Khanh Nguyen, Phi Cong Pham, Tram Thi Bich Vo, Hao Minh Pham, Dung Thanh Nguyen, Tien Ngoc Thuy Pham, Bao The Nguyen
{"title":"Preliminary Evidence for the Association of APOB rs1042034 With Short-Term Statin-Induced Lipid Lowering: An Exploratory Study in Vietnam.","authors":"Chau Thi Kim Doan, Anh Tan To Le, Chieu Thi Truong, Loc Duc Ngo, Tran Tran Nguyen, Duy Tran Khanh Nguyen, Phi Cong Pham, Tram Thi Bich Vo, Hao Minh Pham, Dung Thanh Nguyen, Tien Ngoc Thuy Pham, Bao The Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/10742484261428536","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10742484261428536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesTo characterize the rs1042034 allele distribution in Vietnamese adults with untreated hypercholesterolemia and evaluate its impact on baseline lipid profiles and the early lipid-lowering response to rosuvastatin 20 mg.Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional exploratory study, 79 adults with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] ≥ 3.4 mmol/L were enrolled and treated with rosuvastatin 20 mg plus lifestyle advice for 3 months. Genotypes were determined by TaqMan real-time PCR with Sanger sequencing validation. Baseline and 3-month lipid panels (LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], total cholesterol, non-HDL-C, triglycerides) were measured. Between-group comparisons used Kruskal-Wallis/ANOVA as appropriate; analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models adjusted for baseline values assessed genotype (TT vs. CT + CC) effects on posttreatment lipids. Multivariable linear regression examined age, sex, and body-mass index as predictors; false discovery rate correction was applied.ResultsBaseline lipid concentrations did not differ significantly by genotype (overall LDL-C 4.37 ± 0.62 mmol/L; total cholesterol 6.62 ± 0.77 mmol/L). After three months, LDL-C reductions differed markedly by genotype (<i>P</i> < .001): median absolute reductions were -0.47 mmol/L (TT; fractional -9.7%), -1.12 mmol/L (CT; -28.1%) and -1.28 mmol/L (CC; -29.8%). HDL-C change also differed (<i>P</i> = .049) with medians 0.09, 0.24 and 0.15 mmol/L for TT, CT and CC, respectively. ANCOVA (adjusting for baseline) showed the TT genotype was independently associated with higher posttreatment LDL-C (β = 0.758; <i>P</i> = .001), lower posttreatment HDL-C (β = -0.121; <i>P</i> = .004), and higher TC (β = 0.482; <i>P</i> = .026) and non-HDL-C (β = 0.566; <i>P</i> = .007); TG was not affected (<i>P</i> = .751).ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that APOB rs1042034 polymorphism significantly influences rosuvastatin efficacy in Vietnamese patients with hypercholesterolemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261428536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bringing <i>Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics</i> (JCPT) to a Next Level: Strategies and Vision to Ensure a Sustained Journal Growth.","authors":"Josip Andelo Borovac","doi":"10.1177/10742484261436224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261436224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261436224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eleutheroside E Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Suppressing Ferroptosis Through Activation of the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Peng Sun, Liheng Chen, Xiangzhou Chen, Xuwei Zhang, Junjie Guan, Hongwei Mo, Yu Liang, Jingchao Li, Jing Yan, Deshu Chen, Chongbin Zhong, Pingzhen Yang","doi":"10.1177/10742484261428559","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10742484261428559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity significantly impairs cancer patient survival rates. Eleutheroside E (EE), a polyphenolic compound with established cardioprotective properties against high-altitude myocardial injury and ischemia/reperfusion damage, has not previously been investigated in the context of DOX-induced cardiac toxicity. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic potential of EE against DOX-associated cardiotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Cardiomyocyte viability was quantified using the CCK-8 assay and Hoechst 33342/PI dual staining. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Morphological alterations in cardiomyocytes were analyzed through phalloidin, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), and wheat germ agglutinin staining. Ferroptosis-related biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), Ptgs2 mRNA levels, Fe<sup>2</sup><sup>+</sup> concentration, and lipid peroxidation were assessed respectively. EE administration attenuated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte atrophy <i>in-vitro</i> and improved cardiac function <i>in-vivo</i>. Mechanistically, EE counteracted DOX-mediated suppression of Nrf2 expression and inhibited ferroptosis via activation of the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling axis. siRNA-mediated Nrf2 knockdown partly abolished EE's cardioprotective effects. These findings conclusively demonstrate that EE mitigates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through Nrf2-dependent ferroptosis regulation, highlighting its therapeutic potential for preventing chemotherapy-associated cardiac complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261428559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Associated With the Selection of Anti-Hypertensive Medications: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Aymen Alqurain, Arif Aldihani, Hadeel Almousa, Gofran Alkhalaf, Fatimah Alqurayn, Luma Ameer, Sherihan Ghosn, Marwa Algoraini, Samaher Al-Shaibi, Ghadeer Alowaywi, Hassan Althabet, Reem Ashoor, Afnan Alshnbari, Salah Abohelaika, Shahad Alghamdi, Abdulkhaliq Alsalman, Bander Alanazi, Fadhel Alomar","doi":"10.1177/10742484261431512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261431512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHypertension remains a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and effective anti-hypertensive prescribing is essential for optimal management. This study will evaluate the patterns of anti-hypertensive prescriptions, characteristics of specific drug class users, and significant factors influencing prescription choices within a Saudi Arabian cohort.MethodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study at Al-Qatif Central Hospital included patients aged ≥40 years who attended outpatient cardiology and internal medicine clinics between January 2020 and December 2021. The characteristics of anti-hypertensive medication users and nonusers were compared using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with anti-hypertensive prescribing patterns adjusted for significant covariates, with results presented as adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsAbout 62% of 5,852 patients were prescribed anti-hypertensive medication, with beta blockers (BBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) being the most prescribed. BBs were primarily prescribed as monotherapy, constituting for 24% of prescriptions. Older patients (≥65 years) were more likely to receive combination therapy, with 17% receiving four anti-hypertensives medications. Diabetes mellitus was positively associated with the prescription of angiotensin receptor blockers (OR = 1.2, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and negatively associated with BBs prescribing (OR = 0.6, <i>P</i> < 0.05). Constipation exhibited a significant association with CCBs prescribing (OR = 1.4, <i>P</i> < 0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrates significant deviations from existing clinical guidelines, notably the overprescription of BBs in the management of hypertension. The findings highlight where doctors need to look more closely at their prescribing habits and suggest to promote the alignment of prescribing practices with emerging evidence-based recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261431512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyoun-Woo Noh, Sung-Hyo Seo, Yong-Lee Kim, Chang-Ok Seo, Moojun Kim, Jeong Rang Park, KyeHwan Kim, Hye Ree Kim, Jin-Yong Hwang, Seok-Jae Hwang, Min Gyu Kang, Hangyul Kim, Yongwhi Park, Jin-Sin Koh
{"title":"Optimal Switching Antiplatelet Regimen in Patients with Ticagrelor to a Thienopyridine in Korean Patients (SWAPT-K Study).","authors":"Hyoun-Woo Noh, Sung-Hyo Seo, Yong-Lee Kim, Chang-Ok Seo, Moojun Kim, Jeong Rang Park, KyeHwan Kim, Hye Ree Kim, Jin-Yong Hwang, Seok-Jae Hwang, Min Gyu Kang, Hangyul Kim, Yongwhi Park, Jin-Sin Koh","doi":"10.1177/10742484261440340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261440340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and potent P2Y<sub>12</sub> inhibitors such as ticagrelor effectively reduces ischemic events but increases bleeding risk. In patients requiring long-term DAPT, switching from ticagrelor to a thienopyridine is often considered to reduce bleeding risk or address other clinical concerns. However, such switching may cause a transient reduction in platelet inhibition, raising concerns about thrombotic complications. In particular, evidence is limited regarding the optimal loading dose strategy for East Asian patients undergoing this transition.MethodsIn this randomized, open-label trial, 43 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who had received ticagrelor-based DAPT for > 6 months after stent implantation were randomized to clopidogrel 600 mg loading/75 mg maintenance, clopidogrel 300 mg loading/75 mg maintenance, or prasugrel 30 mg loading/5 mg maintenance. Platelet reactivity and inflammatory markers (MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α) were assessed at baseline, 48 h, and 5 days after switching. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving optimal platelet reactivity (OPR).ResultsThe proportion of patients achieving OPR was similar among groups at baseline (p = 0.483), 48 h (p = 0.699), and 5 days (p = 0.729). No significant intergroup differences were observed in inflammatory marker levels at any time point. No major adverse cardiovascular events occurred during follow-up.ConclusionsIn stable ACS patients on long-term DAPT, switching from ticagrelor to either clopidogrel or prasugrel maintained consistent platelet inhibition and inflammatory profiles, indicating that these switching strategies produce comparable pharmacodynamic profiles in East Asian populations during the early post-switch period.Trial RegistrationThis investigator-initiated pharmacodynamic study was not prospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261440340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Associated With Loop Diuretic De-escalation in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The Influence of Guideline Directed Medical Therapy Initiation.","authors":"Satoshi Hanazawa, Noriko Kohyama, Erika Iwasaki, Kenta Muraoka, Mayumi Inamoto, Mio Ebato, Hiroshi Suzuki, Mari Kogo","doi":"10.1177/10742484261431652","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10742484261431652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIn patients with heart failure (HF), loop diuretics (LD) are recommended to relieve congestion and may be de-escalated if symptoms improve. However, long-term use of the same LD dose is sometimes required owing to potential congestion exacerbation. Therefore, we investigated the factors associated with LD de-escalation in patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF) and the relationship between this de-escalation and initiating guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT) during hospitalization.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients with ADHF who were prescribed LD and GDMT at discharge were included. The primary endpoint was LD de-escalation at 6 months post-discharge. Factors associated with this de-escalation were extracted using multivariate analysis. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the relationship between the number of GDMT initiated during hospitalization and LD de-escalation.ResultsOf 193 eligible patients, 40.4% underwent LD de-escalation. Significant de-escalation-associated factors were age <75 years (odds ratio, 2.114; 95% confidence interval, 1.125-3.972), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 22.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (2.022; 1.073-3.811), and no atrial fibrillation (1.948; 1.047-3.625). The LD de-escalation rate tended to increase with the number of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors initiated during hospitalization (<i>P</i> = .013).ConclusionYounger age, high BMI, and no atrial fibrillation were LD de-escalation-associated factors in patients with ADHF. LD de-escalation post-discharge may occur more frequently if the number of GDMT with diuretic effects was increased during hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261431652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fawaz H Tawhari, Mohammad F Zaitoun, Ehab Elmongui, Arwa Alhuwail, Ali Najmi, Wasayef M Alqahtani, Zeyad H Sabey, Atheer Almohammed, Abdulrahman Al Qahtani, Hani Sultan, Ahmed R N Ibrahim, Sultan Alshahrani, Reem Bahmaid
{"title":"Comparative Effect of Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Fawaz H Tawhari, Mohammad F Zaitoun, Ehab Elmongui, Arwa Alhuwail, Ali Najmi, Wasayef M Alqahtani, Zeyad H Sabey, Atheer Almohammed, Abdulrahman Al Qahtani, Hani Sultan, Ahmed R N Ibrahim, Sultan Alshahrani, Reem Bahmaid","doi":"10.1177/10742484261433147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261433147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is standard after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While ticagrelor has demonstrated favorable myocardial effects in preclinical studies, limited clinical data compared its impact on left ventricular (LV) remodeling versus clopidogrel.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the effect of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on LV remodeling among ACS patients post-PCI.MethodsEligible participants were adults (≥18 years) with confirmed ACS who were prescribed ticagrelor or clopidogrel for at least 3 months after PCI and had complete echocardiographic data at baseline and within one-year follow-up. Patients with missing follow-up imaging, switching between antiplatelets, contraindications to DAPT, or noncompliance were excluded. Echocardiographic parameters-LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), LV end-systolic volume (LVESV), LV ejection fraction (LVEF)-and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were assessed, and multivariable regression models adjusted for confounders.ResultsA total of 137 patients met criteria (87 on ticagrelor, 50 on clopidogrel). Ticagrelor was associated with an adjusted LVEDV reduction of 8.17 mL compared with clopidogrel (95% CI -15.84 to -0.50; <i>P</i> = .039), an LVESV reduction of 8.09 mL (95% CI -13.88 to -2.29; <i>P</i> = .007), and a greater LVEF improvement of 4.05% (95% CI 2.41-5.70; <i>P</i> < .001). The reduction in BNP was also greater with ticagrelor by 73.56 pg/mL (95% CI -144.08 to -3.05; <i>P</i> = .043).ConclusionTicagrelor was associated with more favorable LV remodeling parameters compared with clopidogrel in this cohort. These findings warrant confirmation in randomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261433147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underuse of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Across Heart Failure Phenotypes in Older Outpatients: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.","authors":"Huan Thanh Nguyen, Huong Thi Mai Nguyen, Kieu Dang Phuong Nguyen, Duc Thien Tran","doi":"10.1177/10742484261438177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484261438177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHeart failure (HF) is common among older adults; however, data on phenotype distribution and real-world pharmacologic management remain limited. This study assessed the prevalence of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) underuse across HF phenotypes and identified factors associated with GDMT underuse among older outpatients in Vietnam.MethodsIn this multicenter cross-sectional study, 504 outpatients aged ≥60 years with HF were enrolled. Patients were classified into HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFmrEF and HFpEF were combined as a non-HFrEF group for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with GDMT underuse.ResultsHFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF accounted for 54.6% (<i>n</i> = 275), 13.3% (<i>n</i> = 67), and 32.1% (<i>n</i> = 162) of patients, respectively. GDMT underuse was observed in 49.8% of patients with HFrEF and 38.0% of those with non-HFrEF phenotypes. In HFrEF, hypertension was associated with lower GDMT underuse (odds ratio [OR] 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.98), whereas chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was associated with higher underuse (OR 4.42; 95% CI [1.38-14.2]). In non-HFrEF, diabetes mellitus was independently associated with lower GDMT underuse (OR 0.52; 95% CI [0.30-0.91]).ConclusionIn this study, GDMT underuse was observed in nearly half of patients with HFrEF and over one-third of those with non-HFrEF phenotypes. In HFrEF, hypertension was associated with lower GDMT underuse and COPD with higher GDMT underuse, whereas in non-HFrEF, diabetes mellitus was independently associated with lower GDMT underuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":15281,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":"31 ","pages":"10742484261438177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}