Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Does Short-Term Memory Moderate the Relation Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions and Anger Regulation in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?","authors":"Leanne Tamm, Mindy Quiroz, James L Peugh, Jeffery N Epstein, Stephen P Becker","doi":"10.1177/10445463261445015","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463261445015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion regulation (ER) difficulties affect many children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is also associated with working memory (WM) and related short-term memory (STM) impairments, including functionally and anatomically distinct phonological (PH) and visuospatial (VS) subsystem deficits. Neurocognitive deficits in PH and VS may moderate the link between ADHD symptoms and anger dysregulation, which the current study tested in children diagnosed with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 168 children aged 8-12 years with ADHD. Caregivers and teachers completed ADHD inattentive (IN) and hyperactivity-impulsivity (HI) symptom ratings. Children reported on their responses to anger including suppression, dysregulation, and coping and completed PH and VS WM tasks from which STM variables were derived. Multivariate linear models evaluated whether PH and VS factors and their interactions with IN and HI were associated with anger regulation, controlling for sex and medication status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Main effects were observed for caregiver-rated HI on anger dysregulation and coping; for VS on anger suppression, dysregulation, and coping; and PH on anger dysregulation. Significant caregiver-rated HI × VS interactions for anger dysregulation and coping emerged, as well as a significant caregiver-rated IN × PH interaction for anger dysregulation. Higher HI symptoms were associated with more anger dysregulation and lower anger coping only at high (stronger) levels of VS performance. Higher IN symptoms were associated with lower anger dysregulation only at very low (poorer) levels of PH performance. No significant findings emerged for teacher-rated ADHD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings add to the literature suggesting that ADHD symptoms, particularly HI, play a role in anger regulation, and that the association may be partially modulated by STM. Future studies of ER in ADHD should consider specific anger management strategies, in addition to disaggregating VS and PH, given that both interacted with the association of caregiver-rated ADHD and anger regulation. Implications for intervention are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"537-549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Neurodevelopmental Model of Social Threat Sensitivity as a Mechanism Linking Fearful Temperament, Social Anxiety, and Depression in Youth.","authors":"Madison Politte-Corn, Katie L Burkhouse, Kristin A Buss","doi":"10.1177/10445463261440143","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463261440143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensitivity to social threat is one form of emotion dysregulation implicated in internalizing psychopathologies, yet its developmental origins and mechanistic role remain insufficiently specified. One of the most reliable, early-emerging predictors of internalizing disorders is extreme fearful temperament, which is characterized by heightened sensitivity to novelty and threat, especially if social in nature. Links between early fearful temperament, social reticence with unfamiliar peers in childhood, and the later emergence of social anxiety disorder are well-established, as is the link between social anxiety and subsequent depression. This narrative review integrates research on altered processing of social threat across units of analysis (behavior, electroencephalography/event-related potential, functional magnetic resonance imaging, self-report) in youth with fearful temperament, anxiety, and depression, as well as the role of social threat sensitivity in shaping these prospective associations. We propose a conceptual model in which hypervigilance to social threat beginning in early childhood promotes social avoidance, which, in turn, heightens sensitivity to signals of negative social feedback from peers. These vulnerabilities may be compounded by normative increases in sensitivity to social threat across adolescence, leading to higher rejection sensitivity, a lower sense of connectedness with peers, and increased risk for the onset of internalizing disorders. We conclude with recommendations for future research, including the need to delineate how these neurobehavioral vulnerabilities unfold in real-world social contexts, improve precision in predicting subtypes of internalizing symptoms, and identify risk and protective factors that alter this trajectory.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"521-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13184902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Emotional Awareness and Altered Frontostriatal Functional Connectivity During Reward Processing Prospectively Predict Depressive Symptoms in At-Risk Youth.","authors":"T H Stanley Seah, Tina Gupta, Carly J Lenniger, Kristen L Eckstrand, Manivel L Rengasamy, Chloe M Horter, Morgan B Lindenmuth, Melissa Nance, Erika E Forbes","doi":"10.1177/10445463261462417","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463261462417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine how emotional awareness (the ability to understand and identify one's own emotions) and neural reward circuitry, processes that are associated with depression and undergo significant maturation during adolescence, prospectively predict depressive symptoms in a community sample of youth at varying risk for affective disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Youth aged 13-19 years (<i>N</i> = 84), risk-enriched for depression (66% with familial history of affective disorders), completed self-report assessments of emotional awareness and depressive symptoms at baseline. Depressive symptoms were also assessed at 1-year follow-up. Neural reward function, as indexed by functional connectivity of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc), was assessed via a functional magnetic resonance imaging task of winning versus losing monetary rewards at baseline. Controlling for age, biological sex, familial risk status, and baseline depression, linear regressions examined the interaction of emotional awareness and dmPFC-NAcc functional connectivity to predict changes in depressive symptoms over 1 year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low emotional awareness at baseline predicted more severe depressive symptoms at 1-year follow-up, particularly among youth demonstrating heightened positive dmPFC-NAcc functional connectivity, a pattern potentially indicating over-regulation of reward responding.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Low emotional awareness and stronger frontostriatal functional connectivity during processing of reward relative to loss are relevant early-emerging risk factors that could jointly lead to future depression. Interventions targeting emotional regulation skills and reward processing may mitigate the onset and course of adolescent depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"578-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13559752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Emotion Dysregulation in Children: Results from the ABCD Study.","authors":"Rawan Koleilat, Ahmad Sabalbal, Evelyne Baroud, Wael Shamseddeen","doi":"10.1177/10445463251415488","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463251415488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion dysregulation (ED) is the inability to modulate the intensity and quality of emotional responses. It is strongly associated with psychopathology among youth, carries significant morbidity and predicts long-term impairments. Data on ED are limited among nonclinical populations. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of ED and to identify its demographic and clinical correlates in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, <i>N</i> = 11,878 children (ages 9-10), were analyzed. ED was measured using cutoff scores of ≥180 and <210 on the sum of the Attention, Aggression, and Anxious/Depressed subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, sleep-related variables and physical activity levels, screen time use, and psychopathology were examined as correlates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>9.9% of participants screened positive for ED (moderate 8.4%, severe 1.5%) with a male predominance (60.9% and 64.8% of those who screened positive for moderate and severe ED, respectively). Moderate ED was associated with parental education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.716 for graduate university degree vs. bachelor's degree, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Financial hardships such as inability to afford food (aOR = 1.389, <i>p</i> = 0.012) and medical/dental services (aOR = 1.271, <i>p</i> = 0.035) were correlated with moderate ED, while severe ED was associated with lower perceived neighborhood safety (aOR = 1.583, <i>p</i> = 0.024). Psychiatric disorders (current and past), including mood, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and behavioral disorders, suicidal/homicidal thoughts/behaviors, self-harm, and sleep disturbance, were linked to both moderate and severe ED, while psychosis was linked to severe ED (aOR = 2.873, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychiatric disorders, socioeconomic factors, and sleep disturbances are important correlates of ED. Findings highlight the importance of early screening for ED and call for the implementation of emotion regulation skills during childhood as a strategic, evidence-based preventive intervention focus.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"558-568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Letter:</i> Visual Hallucinations Beyond Psychosis: Peduncular Hallucinosis and Charles Bonnet Syndrome in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients.","authors":"Muhammad Zain, Saad Nadeem, Sana Younus, Kimberly C Davis, Chadi Calarge","doi":"10.1177/10445463261497135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10445463261497135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"10445463261497135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous Esketamine in Adolescents with Severe Depressive Episodes: A Five-Case Series.","authors":"Iury P A Magalhães, Daniel N Lopes, Isabel A Amato, Marcos V V Ribeiro, Rodrigo A Luz, Rodrigo S Delfino, Juliana C Surjan, Acioly L T Lacerda, Sheila C Caetano","doi":"10.1177/10445463261497130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10445463261497130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the feasibility, acute tolerability, and short-term symptom trajectories of adjunctive subcutaneous esketamine in adolescents with severe depressive episodes treated in specialized outpatient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational case series included five adolescents aged 15-17 years with severe depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and/or behavior, and insufficient response to previous treatments. Patients received eight once-weekly subcutaneous esketamine sessions, starting at 0.5 mg/kg and titrated up to 1.0 mg/kg based on clinical response and tolerability. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). MADRS-rated suicidal ideation and anhedonia-related symptoms were examined descriptively using MADRS Items 10 and 8, respectively; Item 8 was considered an indirect indicator of anhedonia-related symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients completed the eight-session treatment course. Overall, MADRS trajectories were heterogeneous: one patient achieved remission, three presented varying degrees of partial improvement, and one showed no sustained benefit. MADRS Item 10 scores decreased from baseline to endpoint in four patients, and MADRS Item 8 scores decreased in four patients. Acute adverse effects included transient dissociative symptoms with mild agitation in one patient and mild transient elevations in blood pressure in some cases. No severe acute adverse events, emergency interventions, psychiatric hospitalizations, suicide attempts, or clear manic switches were documented during the 8-week protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this small uncontrolled case series, adjunctive subcutaneous esketamine was feasible under close monitoring and was associated with heterogeneous short-term depressive symptom trajectories. Decreases in MADRS-rated suicidal ideation and MADRS Item 8 scores should be considered hypothesis-generating and do not establish antidepressant efficacy, domain-specific effects, or reduced suicide risk. Controlled pediatric studies with standardized dosing, suicide-specific assessments, systematic safety monitoring, and longer follow-up are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"10445463261497130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Letter:</i> Lisdexamfetamine for Improving Symptoms of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome After Trials of Methylphenidate in an 11-Year-Old Girl with FOXP1 Syndrome.","authors":"Samuel Testut, Alice Oppetit, David Cohen, Xavier Benarous","doi":"10.1177/10445463261494830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10445463261494830","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"10445463261494830"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Art of Prescribing, Toward a Goldilocks Model of Psychotropic Prescribing in Youth.","authors":"Fiona McNicholas, Laura Bond, Diane Purper-Ouakil, John T Walkup, John C Hayden, Rebecca Parkin","doi":"10.1177/10445463261488792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10445463261488792","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"10445463261488792"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder and Its Association with Treatment Trajectories and Outcomes in Youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Internalizing Disorders.","authors":"Raman Baweja, Daniel A Waschbusch, Gabrielle A Carlson, James G Waxmonsky","doi":"10.1177/10445463261428442","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463261428442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), along with other internalizing disorders, is associated with greater impairment in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it remains unclear whether DMDD is associated with differences in treatment course and outcomes among youth with ADHD and comorbid internalizing disorders. Using real-world data, this study compared treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among youth with ADHD and internalizing disorders with and without comorbid DMDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health records from the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network, including 340,225 youth aged 6-18 years with ADHD and at least one internalizing disorder (major depressive disorders or anxiety disorder), of whom 25,580 (7.5%) had comorbid DMDD. Outcomes included treatment patterns and clinical outcomes. Propensity score matching and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounding were used to estimate relative risks (RR), adjusted hazard ratios (aHR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) over 1 year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youth with ADHD, internalizing disorders, and DMDD exhibited greater psychiatric comorbidity and higher healthcare utilization than those without DMDD. They received more ADHD medications, with a marked shift toward nonstimulants (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.69-1.77), and other psychotropic medications, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers (RR range 1.36-3.02). New central nervous system (CNS) stimulant prescriptions did not differ between youth with and without DMDD. Compared with nonstimulants, CNS stimulants were associated with lower risks of all adverse outcomes-including suicidal ideation/attempts, inpatient hospitalization, emergency visits, and subsequent antipsychotic or mood stabilizer initiation-in youth both with and without DMDD (aHR range 0.33-0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Comorbid DMDD adds clinical complexity among youth with ADHD and internalizing disorders, influencing treatment patterns toward nonstimulants and other psychotropics. Despite this shift, CNS stimulants were associated with the most favorable outcomes across cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"473-482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dialectical Behavior Therapy Outcomes for Suicidal Adolescents and Young Adults with Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms.","authors":"Belinda E Hernandez, Kristen L Batejan, Esther S Tung, Peggy Worden, Alessandro S De Nadai, Daniel P Dickstein","doi":"10.1177/10445463261466535","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10445463261466535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is regarded as a highly effective treatment for suicide, yet no study to date has examined how DBT can help suicidal individuals with co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Our study aimed to investigate DBT outcomes in suicidal youth and young adults with varying levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and the potential effectiveness of a DBT partial hospital program (PHP) on this population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data come from 117 adolescents and young adults (<i>M_age</i> = 17.82; 66% cisgender female; 83% White) who participated in a short-term, intensive DBT PHP. Regression-based moderation analyses with simple slopes assessed associations between self-reported suicidality, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and DBT PHP outcomes: mindfulness, emotion regulation, dysfunctional coping, interpersonal competence, and DBT skills use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Suicidal youth with clinically significant externalizing behaviors had high levels of emotion dysregulation after four weeks of treatment; however, these patients improved across all DBT outcomes, having the greatest gains in interpersonal competence and DBT skills use. All patients demonstrated improvements across DBT target outcomes, regardless of symptom type and severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, findings support DBT as an effective transdiagnostic intervention. Clinicians should strive to prioritize and allocate particular clinical attention to emotion regulation skills for patients with acute externalizing presentations to foster more effective acquisition and generalization of emotion regulation skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":15277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"500-507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}