Journal of Central South University of Technology最新文献

{"title":"Anesthesia With and Without Nitrous Oxide and Long-term Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults.","authors":"Juraj Sprung, Arnoley S Arney Abcejo, David S Knopman, Ronald C Petersen, Michelle M Mielke, Andrew C Hanson, Darrell R Schroeder, Phillip J Schulte, David P Martin, Toby N Weingarten, Jeffrey J Pasternak, David O Warner","doi":"10.1213/ANE.0000000000004490","DOIUrl":"10.1213/ANE.0000000000004490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We evaluated the hypothesis that the rate of postoperative decline in global cognition is greater in older adults exposed to general anesthesia with nitrous oxide (N2O) compared to general anesthesia without N2O.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal measures of cognitive function were analyzed in nondemented adults, 70-91 years of age, enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Linear mixed-effects models with time-varying covariates assessed the relationship between exposure to surgery with general anesthesia (surgery/GA) with or without N2O and the rate of long-term cognitive changes. Global cognition and domain-specific cognitive outcomes were defined using z scores, which measure how far an observation is, in standard deviations, from the unimpaired population mean.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 1819 participants: 280 exposed to GA without N2O following enrollment and before censoring during follow-up (median [interquartile range {IQR}] follow-up of 5.4 [3.9-7.9] years); 256 exposed to GA with N2O (follow-up 5.6 [4.0-7.9] years); and 1283 not exposed to surgery/GA (follow-up 4.1 [2.5-6.4] years). The slope of the global cognitive z score was significantly more negative following exposure to surgery/GA after enrollment (change in slope of -0.062 [95% confidence interval {CI}, -0.085 to -0.039] for GA without N2O, and -0.058 [95% CI, -0.080 to -0.035] for GA with N2O, both P < .001). The change in slope following exposure to surgery/GA did not differ between those exposed to anesthesia without versus with N2O (estimated difference -0.004 [95% CI, -0.035 to 0.026], P = .783).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to surgery/GA is associated with a small, but statistically significant decline in cognitive z scores. Cognitive decline did not differ between anesthetics with and without N2O. This finding provides evidence that the use of N2O in older adults does not need to be avoided because of concerns related to decline in cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"594-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7165021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74230402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Facial Paresis (Bell's Palsy).","authors":"Josef Georg Heckmann, Peter Paul Urban, Susanne Pitz, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Ildikό Gágyor","doi":"10.3238/arztebl.2019.0692","DOIUrl":"10.3238/arztebl.2019.0692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral facial nerve palsy is the most com- mon functional disturbance of a cranial nerve. 60-75% of cases are idiopathic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review is based on a selective literature search proceeding from the current, updated German-language guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic facial nerve palsy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The recommended drug treatment consists of prednisolone 25 mg bid for 10 days, or 60 mg qd for 5 days followed by a taper to off in decrements of 10 mg per day. This promotes full recovery (number needed to treat [NNT] = 10; 95% confidence interval [6; 20]) and lessens the risk of late sequelae such as synkinesia, autonomic disturbances, and contractures. Virostatic drugs are optional in severe cases (intense pain or suspicion of herpes zoster sine herpete) and mandatory in cases of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. Corneal protection with dexpanthenol ophthalmic ointment, artificial tears, and a nocturnal moisture- retaining eye shield has been found useful in practice. In cases of incomplete recovery with residual facial weakness, both static and microsurgical dynamic methods can be used to restore facial nerve function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Because 25-40% of cases of facial nerve palsy are not idiopathic, differential diagnosis is very important; key diagnostic methods include a clinical neurological examin- ation, otoscopy, and a lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid examination. High-level evidence supports corticosteroid treatment for the idiopathic form of the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"692-702"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6865187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74702987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural insight into multistage inhibition of CRISPR-Cas12a by AcrVA4.","authors":"Ruchao Peng, Zhiteng Li, Ying Xu, Shaoshuai He, Qi Peng, Lian-Ao Wu, Ying Wu, Jianxun Qi, Peiyi Wang, Yi Shi, George F Gao","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1909400116","DOIUrl":"10.1073/pnas.1909400116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prokaryotes possess CRISPR-Cas systems to exclude parasitic predators, such as phages and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). These predators, in turn, encode anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins to evade the CRISPR-Cas immunity. Recently, AcrVA4, an Acr protein inhibiting the CRISPR-Cas12a system, was shown to diminish <i>Lachnospiraceae bacterium</i> Cas12a (LbCas12a)-mediated genome editing in human cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of AcrVA4 bound to CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-loaded LbCas12a and found AcrVA4 could inhibit LbCas12a at several stages of the CRISPR-Cas working pathway, different from other characterized type I/II Acr inhibitors which target only 1 stage. First, it locks the conformation of the LbCas12a-crRNA complex to prevent target DNA-crRNA hybridization. Second, it interacts with the LbCas12a-crRNA-dsDNA complex to release the bound DNA before cleavage. Third, AcrVA4 binds the postcleavage LbCas12a complex to possibly block enzyme recycling. These findings highlight the multifunctionality of AcrVA4 and provide clues for developing regulatory genome-editing tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"18928-18936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1073/pnas.1909400116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74748720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opposites Detract.","authors":"Roger Jones","doi":"10.3399/bjgp16X687109","DOIUrl":"10.3399/bjgp16X687109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"499"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5033272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74726010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteogenesis imperfecta.","authors":"Antonella Forlino, Joan C Marini","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00728-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00728-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteogenesis imperfecta is a phenotypically and molecularly heterogeneous group of inherited connective tissue disorders that share similar skeletal abnormalities causing bone fragility and deformity. Previously, the disorder was thought to be an autosomal dominant bone dysplasia caused by defects in type I collagen, but in the past 10 years discoveries of novel (mainly recessive) causative genes have lent support to a predominantly collagen-related pathophysiology and have contributed to an improved understanding of normal bone development. Defects in proteins with very different functions, ranging from structural to enzymatic and from intracellular transport to chaperones, have been described in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Knowledge of the specific molecular basis of each form of the disorder will advance clinical diagnosis and potentially stimulate targeted therapeutic approaches. In this Seminar, together with diagnosis, management, and treatment, we describe the defects causing osteogenesis imperfecta and their mechanism and interrelations, and classify them into five groups on the basis of the metabolic pathway compromised, specifically those related to collagen synthesis, structure, and processing; post-translational modification; folding and cross-linking; mineralisation; and osteoblast differentiation. </p>","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1657-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7384887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74706819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of external circulation on sludge characteristics during start-up of internal circulation reactor","authors":"J. Ding, Dian-zuo Wang","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.573-574.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.573-574.218","url":null,"abstract":"The start-up of external circulation — added internal circulation (IC) reactor was finished in 26 d, 32 d fewer than that of IC reactor. To evaluate the influence of the added external circulation on the development of granular sludge, the characteristics of the granular sludge taken from the two tested laboratory-scale reactors during start-up were studied. The results show that the added external circulation can enhance biomass granulation, accelerate granule development and improve sludge characteristics. At the end of start-up, the granular size of sludge in external circulation-added IC reactor greatly increases with a size distribution much better than that of sludge in IC reactor. The granular sludge originated from external circulation — added IC reactor contains more extracellular polymers and has a greater settling velocity than that from IC reactor. Methanogenic activity of the granular sludge from the external circulation — added IC reactor started 26 d ago reaches 358.23 mL · g−1 · d−1, 1.66 and 1.20 times as great as that of the sludge from the IC reactor started 26 d and 58 d ago respectively.","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"425-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.573-574.218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70643329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudo-dynamic analysis of seismic stability of reinforced slopes considering non-associated flow rule","authors":"A. Eskandarinejad, A. Shafiee","doi":"10.1007/S11771-011-0948-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S11771-011-0948-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2091-2099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/S11771-011-0948-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53201985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capillary force of a novel skew-grooved wick structure for micro heat pipes","authors":"Ju-hong Wu, Yong Tang, Longsheng Lu","doi":"10.1007/S11771-011-0959-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S11771-011-0959-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2170-2175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/S11771-011-0959-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53202617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RS-SVM forecasting model and power supply-demand forecast","authors":"Shuxia Yang, Yuan Cao, Da Liu, Chen-feng Huang","doi":"10.1007/S11771-011-0945-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S11771-011-0945-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2074-2079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/S11771-011-0945-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53201786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of lead borosilicate glass ceramics with Al2O3","authors":"Pengfei Wei, Hongqing Zhou, Jie Wang, Yi-yuan Zhang, F. Zeng","doi":"10.1007/S11771-011-0911-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S11771-011-0911-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central South University of Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1838-1843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/S11771-011-0911-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53200141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}