Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Cinnamaldehyde attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy by ameliorating energy metabolism disturbance and activating autophagy.","authors":"Ming-Qiao Hu, Ke-Zhao Wei, Shi-Yu Wu, Xu Zhang, Xiao-Ting Zhang, Xu Xu, Xu-Hua Shen, Jian-Ping Gao","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a diabetes mellitus-induced pathophysiological condition that can lead to heart failure. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), a bioactive phytochemical derived from the bark of Cinnamon, exhibits cardioprotective properties against heart injury in metabolic syndrome. This study aims to explore the role of CA on DCM and its cardioprotective mechanisms. Diabetic rats were established by injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60∼85 mg/kg). Subsequently, CA (50 mg/kg) was administered via gavage daily for 28-day duration. Following this treatment, abnormalities levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and LDL-C to HDL-C ratio were ameliorated. Additionally, CA inhibited cardiac histopathological alterations and hypertrophy, reduced brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level, shortened S-T and P-R intervals on electrocardiogram, decreased tissue malondialdehyde content, and enhanced myocardial energy metabolism, including Creatine (Cr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and total adenine nucleotides (TAN). Furthermore, CA improved oxidative stress, improved myocardial Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity and downregulated the mRNA expression of AMP protein activation kinase α2 (AMPK-α2), receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), while also ameliorating protein expressions, including ratio of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin to mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-mTOR/mTOR), level of SQSTM1/p62, and ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta to microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3Ⅱ/ LC3Ⅰ). In conclusion, these findings indicate that CA can alleviate DCM by modulating AMPK-α2/PPAR-α/PGC-1α signaling pathway to restore energy metabolism and activating autophagy through mTOR signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABCB1 gene single nucleotide variants and haplotypes in atrial fibrillation patients experiencing adverse events on direct oral anticoagulation: a whole gene exome sequencing study.","authors":"Matej Samoš, Mária Škereňová, Vladimír Nosáľ, Ingrid Škorňová, Tomáš Bolek, Marián Grendár, Alena Kamenišťáková, Miroslava Šarlinová, Andrea Petrovičová, Jakub Jurica, Lucia Stančiaková, Martin Péč, Erika Halašová, Egon Kurča, Juraj Sokol, Ján Staško, Marián Mokáň","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) of ABCB1 gene encoding glycoprotein P might be connected with increased or decreased levels of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), and therefore with DOAC-related adverse bleeding or embolism. The aim of this study was to perform a targeted exome sequencing (TES) of ABCB1 gene in DOAC-treated patients with atrial fibrillation, who experienced a DOAC-related adverse event (AE) during the therapy. Targeted next generation sequencing was employed to examine SNVs in ABCB1 gene, which served as the basis for haplotype analysis. The study enrolled 33 patients with an AE (13 patients with bleeding and 20 patients with embolic stroke) and 33 patients tolerating long-term DOAC therapy without any AE (controls). The PLINK software was used to compare the differences between the groups. Fisher's test was employed for a standard case/control allelic association, and the chi-squared test was applied to test haplotype associations in contingency tables. In patients with DOAC-related bleeding compared with controls, no significant differences were found in all the examined SNVs; however, there were significant differences in the presence of AAAGAGCT (11.5%vs.1.6%,p<0.05) and AGAG (11.1vs.1.7%,p<0.05) haplotypes. Compared to controls, patients with stroke had a minor allele observed more frequently in rs2235033 (62.5%vs.39.4%,p<0.05), and significant differences were also found in the presence of AAAGAACT (19.3vs.39.0%,p<0.05), GGCGGGAT (19.5vs.6.4%,p<0.05), AGAA (30.8vs.51.4%,p<0.05), CGGG (23.1vs.7.6%,p<0.05) haplotypes. This study found significant differences in the selected rs2235033 SNV and in several ABCB1 gene common haplotypes in patients with DOAC-related AE.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rerouting blood flow during exercise: the emerging role of 5-HT7 receptors.","authors":"Milena Samora","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide Aggravates Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm by Inhibiting Axl to Promote Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Dysfunction.","authors":"Shuai Leng, Zhiqiao Dang, Shishan Xue, Haijie Li, Baowei Shao, Yansong Ning, Leilei Zhang, Honglu Wang, Pengfei Zhang, Xilong Teng, Na Li, Fengquan Zhang, Wenqian Yu","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening condition that currently lacks an effective therapeutic strategy. Phenotypic switching in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation are considered to be among the causes of TAA development. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbial metabolite that has been associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, its general association with TAA remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the possible role of TMAO in TAA development. In the mouse TAA model, TMAO exacerbates aortic dilation and degeneration, promoting the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Furthermore, TMAO was observed to impair murine cardiac function. In vitro, it was demonstrated that TMAO inhibited proliferation whilst promoting migration and apoptosis in VSMCs. RNA-sequence analysis of TMAO targets subsequently identified Axl and a cohort of genes associated with extracellular matrix signaling. Mechanistically, it was found that TMAO inducing a shift from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype by inhibiting Axl. Overexpressing Axl suppresses this transition. In summary, TMAO worsens TAA progression by impairing vascular smooth muscle cell function, and restoring Axl expression can counteract the phenotypic shift caused by high TMAO levels. Thus, targeting the TMAO-Axl regulatory axis could be a therapeutic strategy for TAA patients with elevated TMAO expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multifaceted Intervention to Mitigate the Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Air Pollution: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Parham Sadeghipour, Azita H Talasaz, Sina Rashedi, Sepehr Jamalkhani, Hamed Ghoshouni, Mohammadreza Babaei, Erfan Kohansal, Bahram Mohebbi, Armin Elahifar, Razieh Omidvar, Naser Hadavand, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Amirhoosein Poopak, Hooman Bakhshandeh, Saeideh Mazloomzadeh, Hessam Kakavand, Maryam Aghakouchakzadeh, Gregory Piazza, Harlan M Krumholz, Behnood Bikdeli","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air pollution is associated with excess thrombotic and cardiovascular events. However, clinical outcomes trials evaluating interventions to mitigate such adverse events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are lacking. This is a single-center, open-label, feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in adult patients with documented ASCVD. Participants were randomized to a hybrid strategy consisting of an educational flashcard, educational cell phone text message alerts on polluted days to stay indoors, use KN95 masks if they need to go outside, and to consume citrus fruits on polluted days, versus usual care. The main objectives were to assess the feasibility of enrollment and adherence to and satisfaction with the hybrid strategy along with health-related quality of life and anxiety level. Between January 28, 2024, and February 18, 2024, 130 patients were screened, of whom 50 (38.5%) were randomized. During the study period, 12 polluted days occurred, and patients received a median of 8 ((IQR) 8 to 10) alerts. The majority adhered to all components on all polluted days, including full adherence for reading flashcards in 56%, avoiding outdoor activities in 52%, wearing KN-95 facemasks if they went out in 81.8%, and self-reported citrus fruit consumption in 84% of enrollees. The most participants in the intervention arm were satisfied with all components of the hybrid staretgy. Quality of life index and anxiety level remained unchanged for both groups during the 30-day follow-up. This pilot study shows the feasibility of recruitment to multifaceted strategy to mitigate the cardiovascular effects of air pollution with high adherence and satisfaction, thus supporting initiatives to design and conduct a large-scale RCT to validate and extend these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indobufen and Aspirin Hypersensitivity: A Promising Alternative or a Limited Option?","authors":"Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Simone Filomia, Alessia D'Aiello, Tommaso Sanna","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000001690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Urine Output Response of Intravenous Bumetanide and Furosemide in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: An Observational Analysis.","authors":"Emily Kefer, Brian Gulbis, Phillip Weeks","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001658","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Loop diuretics are a fundamental cornerstone in management of hypervolemia encountered in acute decompensated heart failure. There is variation in the literature describing relative potency of loop diuretic agents, and there are very limited available data specific to the heart failure population. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to compare the urine output response between intravenous furosemide and bumetanide in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were admitted between July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, with acute decompensated heart failure and received intravenous bumetanide or furosemide within 48 hours of admission. Propensity matching was used to determine comparison groups. The primary outcome was total urine output for 24 hours after initiation of the diuretic regimen. A total of 120 patients (60 in each group) were matched after exclusion criteria were applied. The total urine output was similar between groups. The bumetanide group did demonstrate a greater urine output: furosemide-equivalent response (52 ± 46 mL/mg vs. 33 ± 25 mL/mg; P = 0.007). Based on our analysis, similar urine output may be achieved with either intravenous bumetanide or furosemide in acute decompensated heart failure; however, a higher dose of furosemide may be required than what has been previously established as an equivalent dose to bumetanide to achieve a similar diuretic effect. These results should warrant further investigation to better establish dose-response relationships with loop diuretics in acute decompensated heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"233-237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension With Imatinib: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Xiaofa Chen, Bijuan Xue, Lina Xu","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001665","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Pulmonary vascular remodeling and arterial hypertension (PAH) correlate with increased platelet-derived growth factor activity and elevated KIT expression. Imatinib has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for PAH. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of imatinib in the treatment of PAH. A literature search was conducted with the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to obtain randomized controlled trials where the efficacy of imatinib and placebo in patients with PAH was compared. Three randomized controlled trials that involved 262 patients were finally included in this study. Results showed that imatinib significantly improved 6-minute walk distance (mean difference [MD] = 42.76, 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.20-76.32, P = 0.01), reduced pulmonary vascular resistance (MD = -396.68, 95% CI, -474.50 to -318.85, P < 0.00001), and lowered mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MD = -7.29, 95% CI, -13.97 to -0.61, P = 0.03) in patients with PAH. No significant difference was found between the imatinib and placebo groups in terms of mortality (odds ratio = 1.25, 95% CI, 0.49-3.18) or adverse events (odds ratio = 1.82, 95% CI, 0.76-4.36, P = 0.18). Despite the significant improvement of key hemodynamic parameters, there was no advantage in reducing clinical adverse events or mortality. The prolonged efficacy and safety of imatinib in patients with PAH warrant further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Improve Long-term Atrial Fibrillation-free Survival After Catheter Ablation.","authors":"Aykun Hakgor, Fatih Erkam Olgun, Atakan Dursun, Basak Catalbas Kahraman, Aysel Akhundova, Umeyir Savur, Mehmet Besiroglu, Melike Zeynep Kenger, Emir Dervis, Busra Guvendi Sengor, Fethi Kilicaslan","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001656","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Although sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are known to reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and AF-related adverse events, evidence on their prognostic effect in patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA) for AF is limited. In a single center, 614 patients (mean age 58.1 ± 9.9 years, 42.2% female) who underwent CA for AF were retrospectively divided into 2 groups according to SGLT2i treatment after the index procedure and followed up for 24 months. The primary outcome of the study was AF recurrence after the first 90-day blanking period after CA. Two separate Cox regression models were constructed to determine the predictors of AF recurrence. Rates of the primary outcome were 19.4% and 35.7% in the SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i groups, respectively. According to the multivariable model 1, which was established among the clinically relevant variables that were found to be statistically significant in univariable analysis, left atrial diameter (adjusted HR: 1.087, 95% CI, 1.054-1.122, P < 0.001), SGLT2i therapy (adjusted HR: 0.436, 95% CI, 0.286-0.665, P < 0.001), and nonparoxysmal AF (adjusted HR: 1.549, 95% CI, 1.039-2.309, P = 0.032) were independent predictors of recurrence after ablation. In model 2, SGLT2i treatment remained an independent predictor of AF recurrence along with significant variables such as age, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and previous stroke (adjusted HR: 0.315, 95% CI, 0.214-0.461, P < 0.001). The favorable efficacy of SGLT2i on the primary outcome was maintained in subgroup analyses. SGLT2i treatment is associated with lower recurrence after CA for AF in subgroups with and without diabetes or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and in the overall patient population, independent of AF phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"225-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digoxin Loading Doses and Serum Digoxin Concentrations for Rate Control of Atrial Arrhythmias in Critically Ill Patients.","authors":"Tania Ahuja, Raghad Saadi, John Papadopoulos, Samuel Bernard, Raymond Pashun, James Horowitz, Eugene Yuriditsky, Cristian Merchan","doi":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001648","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FJC.0000000000001648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Intravenous (IV) digoxin loading dose (LD) recommendations for rate control of atrial arrhythmias in critically ill patients are not well studied. When using digoxin in the setting of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL), a LD in either a fixed-dose regimen, weight-based dose, or pharmacokinetic-based calculation to target a serum digoxin concentration (SDC) of 0.8-1.5 ng/mL is recommended. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of digoxin LD used in critically ill patients for rate control of AF/AFL and to assess the SDC achieved. This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients, who received IV digoxin and had a SDC drawn. The primary endpoint was the median SDC achieved after a digoxin LD. Secondary outcomes included the frequency of SDCs ≥1.5 ng/mL and heart rate control. A total of 92 patients were included. The median total LD of digoxin for the entire cohort was 11 μg/kg (750 μg). For 61% of the cohort, the LD was distributed over 6-hour intervals. The median SDC after completion of the IV digoxin LD was 1.3 ng/mL (0.9-1.7). The incidence of supratherapeutic SDC was 36% for the total cohort. A target heart rate <110 beats per minute within 24 hours from digoxin LD was achieved in 60% of the cohort. In conclusion, a median total digoxin LD of 750 μg in critically ill patients with AF/AFL, targeting a SDC <1.5 ng/mL, may be considered for acute rate control, taking into account drug-drug interactions in the cardiac intensive care unit. Future studies are necessary to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"211-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}