Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology最新文献

{"title":"Modelling of Bitumen-and-Solvent-Mixture Viscosity Data Using Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory","authors":"Mohsen Zirrahi, H. Hassanzadeh, J. Abedi","doi":"10.2118/157930-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/157930-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/157930-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67738842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescaled Exponential and Density-Based Decline Models: Extension toVariable Rate/Pressure-Drawdown Conditions","authors":"L. Ayala, Miao Zhang","doi":"10.2118/168223-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/168223-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"433-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/168223-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Completion Heterogeneity in a Horizontal Well With Multiple Fractures on the Long-Term Forecast in Shale-Gas Reservoirs","authors":"M. Nobakht, R. Ambrose, C. Clarkson, J. E. Youngblood, R. Adams","doi":"10.2118/149400-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/149400-PA","url":null,"abstract":"Shale gas reservoirs have become a significant source of gas supply in North America because of the advancement of drilling and stimulation techniques enabling commercial development. The most popular method for exploiting shale gas reservoirs today is the use of long horizontal wells completed with multiple-fracturing stages [multifractured horizontal wells (MFHW)]. The stimulation process may result in biwing fractures or a complex hydraulic-fracture network. However, there is no method to differentiate between these two scenarios with production data analysis alone, making accurate forecasting difficult. For simplicity, hydraulic fractures are often considered biwing when analyzing production data. A conceptual model that is often used for analyzing MFHWs is that of a homogeneous completion in which all fractures have the same length. However, fractures of equal length are rarely if ever observed (Ambrose et al. 2011). In this paper, production data from heterogeneous MFHWs (i.e., where all fracture lengths are not the same) is studied for reservoirs with extremely low permeability. First, the simplified forecasting method of Nobakht et al. (2012), developed for homogeneous completions, is extended to heterogeneous completions. For one specific case, the Arps' decline exponent is correlated to the heterogeneity of the completion. It is found that, as expected, Arps' decline exponent (used after the end of linear flow) increases with the heterogeneity of the completion. Finally, it is shown that ignoring the heterogeneity of the completion can have a material effect on the long-term forecast. We have assumed planar hydraulic-fracture geometries for our modelling in this work and discuss the implications of this when more-complex fracture geometries are created. This seems to be more common in shale gas reservoirs. We provide an example of low-complexity, planar fracture geometries created near an MFHW and observed on an image log at an offset well.","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"417-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/149400-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67734916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Testing Method for Stimulated Wells--Field Examples","authors":"I. Kutasov","doi":"10.2118/168219-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/168219-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"426-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/168219-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact Map for Assessment of New Delineation-Well Locations","authors":"Yevgeniy Zagayevskiy, C. Deutsch","doi":"10.2118/168222-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/168222-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"441-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/168222-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Temperature on VAPEX Performance","authors":"P. Haghighat, B. Maini","doi":"10.2118/157799-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/157799-PA","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating some heat injection along with solvent injection appears to be the most viable option for improving the oil-drainage rate of vapour-assisted petroleum extraction (VAPEX) in extraheavy-oil formations. This study was intended to quantify the maximum possible increase in VAPEX drainage rate that can be obtained by heating the formation to a target temperature. The experimental phase of this study involved conducting VAPEX experiments in a large high-pressure physical model, packed with 250-darcy sand, using propane as the solvent. The physical model was preheated to 40, 50 and 60 C, and propane was injected at the same test temperature but different injection pressures to observe how injection pressure affects oil-drainage rate at elevated temperatures. In the experiments at elevated temperatures, but without increasing the injection pressure, higher rate of oil production was achieved in the early stages of the process. However, a stabilized rate of oil production did not show pronounced improvement caused by a lower solubility of propane in the oil at higher temperatures. Increasing injection pressure along with increasing the test temperatures was successful in accelerating the oil production. The oil used in these experiments was found to become mobile with the increase in temperature even without solvent dissolution. As a result, the total rate of oil production appeared to be controlled by two mechanisms: (1) by solvent dissolution and oil mobilization at the boundaries of the vapour chamber and (2) by pure free-fall gravity drainage beyond the vapour chamber wherever gravity head was sufficient to push the mobile oil toward the production well. The results of this these tests define the upper limit of oil rates achievable with heated solvent injection. They can also be used to assess the applicability of VAPEX to warm reservoirs naturally (e.g., in Venezuela) and reservoirs with mobile oil in place.","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/157799-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscosity Prediction for Solvent-Diluted Live Bitumen and Heavy Oil at Temperatures Up to 175-deg-C","authors":"H. Motahhari, F. Schoeggl, M. Satyro, H. Yarranton","doi":"10.2118/149405-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/149405-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"376-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/149405-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67734968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcool, Fluid Productivity, and Liquid Level Above a SAGD Producer","authors":"J. Yuan, Daniel Nugent","doi":"10.2118/157899-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/157899-PA","url":null,"abstract":"Thermodynamic steam-trap control, or subcool control, in a typical steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) production is essential to the stability and longevity of the operation. It is achieved commonly through the control of fluid production. The goal of such control is to maintain a steady and healthy liquid production without allowing steam from the injector to bypass to the producer. Therefore, it is effectively a control of the liquid level above the producer. Unfortunately, it is not practical to monitor this liquid level. A rule-of-thumb subcool-per-metre estimation of 10°C/m of liquid level is popular in the industry; however it does not prove to hold in many situations. This paper presents a study of the dynamics of SAGD-production control with a resulting algebraic equation that relates subcool, fluid productivity, and wellbore drawdown to the liquid level above a producer. The main conclusions of this study include • There is no minimum subcool value for a pure-gravity-drainage scenario; however, as the wellbore drawdown is considered, there is a minimum subcool value in order to maintain the stability of fluid flow. • For a given productivity, the liquid level increases as subcool increases or as wellbore drawdown decreases. • For each given set of operating parameters, there exists a critical productivity below which SAGD operation would halt. • Before the steam chamber reaches the top of the reservoir, the fluid productivity is limited by the vertical distance between the injector and the producer; the larger the distance, the higher the fluid-production rate can be. A verification of this analysis was conducted by a series of numerical reservoir simulations. Although limited to two dimensions, we expect that this analysis captures the main physics amid the dynamic complexity of SAGD-production control. The resulting algebraic equation can be used for better understanding of the dynamics of subcool control and for determining operation strategies.","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/157899-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67738792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of In-Situ-Combustion Process to Stoppage of Air Injection","authors":"A. Turta","doi":"10.2118/158258-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/158258-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"391-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/158258-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Results for Recovering Oil From a Steam-Project Pressure-Isolation Wall","authors":"K. A. Miller, Yi Xiao","doi":"10.2118/158262-PA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/158262-PA","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15181,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"368-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2118/158262-PA","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}