{"title":"Quantification of the absorption of light in coals using fiber optic sensors","authors":"L. Díaz, J. Vilardy, C. Torres","doi":"10.1117/12.2271972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271972","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of using lasers diodes and a fiber optic trifurcated for the evaluation of the power optic absorbed on coals samples is studied. The method is based on scanning of samples using lasers diodes with the wavelengths 632,8nm, 532nm, 405nm, and calibration plots of the reflected luminosity of the selection as function of the absorbance of coals. In this paper we showed the calibration plots and the colorimetric parameters of coals calculated from the absorption or diffuse-reflectance. The advantages of the method are its high performance for estimating the colorimetric parameters of coals samples, quality control of industrial processes and classification of coals.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115260816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. S. Supian, M. Ab-Rahman, M. Harun, Hadi Gunab, Malik Sulaiman, N. F. Naim
{"title":"Low-cost fused taper polymer optical fiber (LFT-POF) splitters for environmental and home-networking solution","authors":"L. S. Supian, M. Ab-Rahman, M. Harun, Hadi Gunab, Malik Sulaiman, N. F. Naim","doi":"10.1117/12.2271396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271396","url":null,"abstract":"In visible optical communication over the multimode PMMA fibers, the overall cost of optical network can be reduced by deploying economical splitters for distributing the optical data signals from a point to multipoint in transmission network. The low-cost splitters shall have two main characteristics; good uniformity and high power efficiency. The most cost-effective and environmental friendly optical splitter having those characteristics have been developed. The device material is 100% purely based on the multimode step-index PMMA Polymer Optical Fiber (POF). The region which all fibers merged as single fiber is called as fused-taper POF. This ensures that all fibers are melted and fused properly. The results for uniformity and power efficiency of all splitters have been revealed by injecting red LED transmitter with 650 nm wavelength into input port while each end of output fibers measured by optical power meter. Final analysis shows our fused-taper splitter has low excess loss 0.53 dB and each of the output port has low insertion loss, which the average value is below 7 dB. In addition, the splitter has good uniformity that is 32:37:31% in which it is suitably used for demultiplexer fabrication.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115402636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Melgosa, L. Gómez-Robledo, Pedro A. García, Samuel Morillas, C. Fernandez-Maloigne, N. Richard, Min Huang, Changjun Li, G. Cui
{"title":"Color-quality control using color-difference formulas: progress and problems","authors":"M. Melgosa, L. Gómez-Robledo, Pedro A. García, Samuel Morillas, C. Fernandez-Maloigne, N. Richard, Min Huang, Changjun Li, G. Cui","doi":"10.1117/12.2271956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271956","url":null,"abstract":"We report on some recent advances in industrial color-difference evaluation focused in three main fields: Development of reliable experimental visual datasets; proposal of new color spaces and color-difference formulas; tools to evaluate the merits of color-difference formulas. The use of fuzzy techniques to assign consistency degrees to color pairs in combined visual datasets is described. The CIE/ISO joint proposal of the CIEDE2000 color-difference formula as a standard will facilitate the communication among companies and users. The CIE recommendation of the STRESS index to assess observers’ variability and relative merits of different color-difference formulas is reported. Power functions are an efficient method to improve the performance of modern color-difference formulas. We need of advanced color-difference formulas accounting for new materials with different kind of textures and gonioapparent effects.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115411806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. M. Perinchery, C. Y. Fu, M. Baskaran, T. Aung, V. M. Murukeshan
{"title":"Indirect gonioscopy system for imaging iridocorneal angle of eye","authors":"S. M. Perinchery, C. Y. Fu, M. Baskaran, T. Aung, V. M. Murukeshan","doi":"10.1117/12.2271725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271725","url":null,"abstract":"Current clinical optical imaging systems do not provide sufficient structural information of trabecular meshwork (TM) in the iridocorneal angle (ICA) of the eye due to their low resolution. Increase in the intraocular pressure (IOP) can occur due to the abnormalities in TM, which could subsequently lead to glaucoma. Here, we present an indirect gonioscopy based imaging probe with significantly improved visualization of structures in the ICA including TM region, compared to the currently available tools. Imaging quality of the developed system was tested in porcine samples. Improved direct high quality visualization of the TM region through this system can be used for Laser trabeculoplasty, which is a primary treatment of glaucoma. This system is expected to be used complementary to angle photography and gonioscopy.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115435050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mode-locked semiconductor laser for long and absolute distance measurement based on laser pulse repetition frequency sweeping: a comparative study between three types of lasers","authors":"D. Castro Alves, M. Abreu, A. Cabral, J. Rebordão","doi":"10.1117/12.2271553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271553","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we present a study on three types of semiconductor mode-locked lasers as possible sources for a high precision absolute distance metrology measurement concept based on pulse repetition frequency (PRF) sweep. In this work, we evaluated one vertical emission laser and two transversal emission sources. The topology of the gain element is quantum-well, quantum-dot and quantum-dash, respectively. Only the vertical emission laser has optical pump, whilst the others operate with electric pumping. The quantum-dash laser does not have a saturable absorber in its configuration but relies on a dispersion compensating fiber for generating pulses. The bottleneck of vertical emission laser is his high power density pump (4.5W/165μm), increasing the vulnerability of damaging the gain element. The other lasers, i.e., the single (quantum-dash) and double section (quantum-dot) lasers present good results either in terms of applicability to the metrology system or in terms of robustness. Using RF injection on the gain element, both lasers show good PRF stabilization results (better than σy(10ms) = 10−9 ) which is a requirement for the mentioned metrology technique.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115305932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Alves, N. Silva, J. C. Costa, M. Gomes, A. Guerreiro
{"title":"The analogue quantum mechanical of plasmonic atoms","authors":"R. Alves, N. Silva, J. C. Costa, M. Gomes, A. Guerreiro","doi":"10.1117/12.2272037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272037","url":null,"abstract":"Localized plasmons in metallic nanostructures present strong analogies with Quantum Mechanical problems of particles trapped in potential wells. In this paper we take this analogy further using the Madelung Formalism of Quantum Mechanics to express the fluid equations describing the charge density of the conduction electrons and corresponding interaction with light in terms of an effective generalized Non-linear Schr¨odinger equations. Within this context, it is possible to develop the analogy of a plasmonic atom and molecule that exhibits Rabi oscillations, Stark effect, among other Quantum Mechanical effects.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115547202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Indoors positioning through VLC technology using an a-SiC:H photodetector","authors":"P. Louro, J. Costa, M. Vieira, M. Vieira","doi":"10.1117/12.2271634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271634","url":null,"abstract":"The work presented in this paper supports the viability of a navigation system based on Visible Light Communication (VLC) for indoors applications. The system design uses RGB LEDs and an a:SiC:H photodetector. An optoelectronic characterization of the devices used in the integrated system is presented to support the main results, namely the decoding strategy. The photodetector is a pin-pin heterostructure that works as an optical filter, presenting a selective spectral sensitivity dependent on the external optical bias. The red and blue light emitted from the white RGB LEDs were modulated at different frequencies. With this configuration each cardinal direction becomes assigned to a specific set of optical excitation (wavelength and frequency). The decoding of the output photocurrent allows the identification of the input optical signals and the determination of the correspondent spatial direction. The localization algorithm makes use of the Fourier transform to identify the frequencies present in the photocurrent signal and the wavelength filtering properties of the sensor under front and back optical bias to detect the existing red and blue signals. The viability of the system is demonstrated through the implementation of an automatic algorithm to infer the photodetector cardinal direction. Additional research on the light intensity is presented to investigate the accuracy of the spatial position along a cardinal direction.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115779482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henrique Vilhena, S. McMeekin, A. S. Holmes-Smith, G. Sharp, Richard M. De La Rue, N. Johnson
{"title":"Effect of periodicity in the optimization of fine tuned dipolar plasmonic structures for SERS","authors":"Henrique Vilhena, S. McMeekin, A. S. Holmes-Smith, G. Sharp, Richard M. De La Rue, N. Johnson","doi":"10.1117/12.2276358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2276358","url":null,"abstract":"Arrays of nanoantennas consisting of plasmonic dipole pairs have been widely used in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Fine-tuned structures that can efficiently convert incident electromagnetic energy to excite molecules and provide enhanced detection. However, this tuning mechanism also has its disadvantages. In order to prevent the cross coupling, the distance between each individual element must be increased. This leads to low packing density values which in turn results in a reduction of the overall enhanced Raman signal when these structures are compared to broadly tuned aggregates of particles such as those obtained through metal sputtering or colloidal deposition. In this work we demonstrate through simulations and experimental work that it is possible to increase the reflected signal of an array of nanoantennas by reducing the distance between them in the direction both perpendicular and parallel to the orientation of the incident electric field. It is shown the resonant wavelength shifts in two different spectral directions depending in how the intercell distance was reduced. These resultant shifts can reduce the tuning capabilities of the structures but also can increase the SERS intensity due to close coupling of the dipole pairs. We believe that these results will enable the design and fabrication of structures possessing a greater degree of tunability together with an overall enhanced Raman signal that can rival aggregated SERS substrates.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123232652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. F. Kuhne, R. Nadas, P. L. Inacio, I. Chiamenti, Ricardo C. Kamicawachi, H. Kalinowski
{"title":"Refractive index sensitivity in etched FBG in the visible range","authors":"J. F. Kuhne, R. Nadas, P. L. Inacio, I. Chiamenti, Ricardo C. Kamicawachi, H. Kalinowski","doi":"10.1117/12.2272227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272227","url":null,"abstract":"A visible fiber Bragg grating (Vis-FBG) with wavelength peak centered at 673.07 nm was inscribed in a multimode fiber designed for infrared (IR) operation using a femtosecond (fs) laser emitting at 248 nm. The fiber cladding is removed by chemical etching in hydrofluoric acid solution (40%). The sensor refractive index response is determined by dipping the sensor into diluted glycerin solution at different concentrations with refractive index range from 1.3328 to 1.4607. The Vis-FBG performance is compared with an IR etched FBG (EFBG) with similar diameter. The sensitivity found for the Vis-FBG sensor is 15.71nm/RIU with a 6.34 x 10-3 RIU resolution for a refractive index of 1.4607.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114553258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Angel Berbel, A. Cunillera, R. Martínez-Herrero
{"title":"Goos-Hänchen shift of Cosine-Gaussian Schell-model beams with rectangular symmetry","authors":"Miguel Angel Berbel, A. Cunillera, R. Martínez-Herrero","doi":"10.1117/12.2271487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271487","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution we study the relation between the second order intensity moments and the Goos-Hänchen shift for partially coherent totally polarized beams. The results are applied to a type of partially coherent beams, the Cosine-Gaussian Schell-model beams with rectangular symmetry.","PeriodicalId":150522,"journal":{"name":"Applications of Optics and Photonics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114521639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}