Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism最新文献_第5页

A Comparative White Matter Study with Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's Disease with Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. 白质与帕金森病、帕金森病合并痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的比较研究。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-08-26 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000123

Rodrigo D Perea, Rebecca C Rada, Jessica Wilson, Eric D Vidoni1, Jill K Morris, Kelly E Lyons, Rajesh Pahwa, Jeffrey M Burns, Robyn A Honea

{"title":"A Comparative White Matter Study with Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's Disease with Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Rodrigo D Perea, Rebecca C Rada, Jessica Wilson, Eric D Vidoni1, Jill K Morris, Kelly E Lyons, Rajesh Pahwa, Jeffrey M Burns, Robyn A Honea","doi":"10.4172/2161-0460.1000123","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2161-0460.1000123","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are among the most common neurodegenerative disorders affecting older populations. AD is characterized by impaired memory and cognitive decline while the primary symptoms of PD include resting tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity. In PD, mild cognitive changes are frequently present, which could progress to dementia (PD dementia (PDD)). PDD and AD dementias are different in pathology although the difference in microstructural changes remains unknown. To further understand these diseases, it is essential to understand the distinct mechanism of their microstructural changes. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter tract differences between early stage individuals with AD (n=14), PD (n=12), PDD (n=9), and healthy non-demented controls (CON) (n=13). We used whole brain tract based spatial statistics (TBSS) and a region of interest (ROI) analysis focused on the substantia nigra (SN). We found that individuals with PDD had more widespread white matter degeneration compared to PD, AD, and CON. Individuals with AD had few regional abnormalities in the anterior and posterior projections of the corpus callosum while PD and CON did not appear to have significant white matter degeneration when compared to other groups. ROI analyses showed that PDD had the highest diffusivity in the SN and were significantly different from CON. There were no significant ROI differences between CON, PD, or AD. In conclusion, global white matter microstructural deterioration is evident in individuals with PDD, and DTI may provide a means with which to tease out pathological differences between AD and PD dementias.","PeriodicalId":15013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism","volume":"3 ","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0460.1000123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32257130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Loss of Neuronal Phenotype and Neurodegeneration: Effects of T Lymphocytes and Brain Interleukin-2. 神经元表型丧失和神经退行性变:T淋巴细胞和脑白介素-2的作用。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-06-01 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.s10-003

Danielle Meola, Zhi Huang, Grace K Ha, John M Petitto

{"title":"Loss of Neuronal Phenotype and Neurodegeneration: Effects of T Lymphocytes and Brain Interleukin-2.","authors":"Danielle Meola, Zhi Huang, Grace K Ha, John M Petitto","doi":"10.4172/2161-0460.s10-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0460.s10-003","url":null,"abstract":"Loss of neuronal phenotype and reversal of neuronal atrophy have been demonstrated in different models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. These processes may be generalizable to different types of brain neurons and circuitry. The idea that some injured neurons may lose their phenotype and/or atrophy with the potential to rejuvenate is a remarkable and potentially promising form of neuronal plasticity that is not well understood. In this paper, we present some of our laboratory's basic neuroimmunology research showing that peripheral T cells entering the CNS, and brain-derived interleukin-2 (IL-2), play significant roles in these intriguing processes. Our findings suggest, for example, that T cell immunosenesence could be involved in related processes of brain aging and contribute to neurodegenerative disease. Neuroimmunological approaches may provide new insights into yet undiscovered factors and brain mechanisms that regulate changes in neuronal integrity associated with aging and disease. Such findings could have important implications for discovering more effective strategies for treating patients with neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease).","PeriodicalId":15013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism","volume":"Suppl 10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3777693/pdf/nihms-497100.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31752336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Chaperone-dependent Neurodegeneration: A Molecular Perspective on Therapeutic Intervention. 伴侣依赖性神经变性:治疗干预的分子视角。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.S10-007

Aaron Carman, Sarah Kishinevsky, John Koren, Wenjie Lou, Gabriela Chiosis

{"title":"Chaperone-dependent Neurodegeneration: A Molecular Perspective on Therapeutic Intervention.","authors":"Aaron Carman, Sarah Kishinevsky, John Koren, Wenjie Lou, Gabriela Chiosis","doi":"10.4172/2161-0460.S10-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0460.S10-007","url":null,"abstract":"Maintenance of cellular homeostasis is regulated by the molecular chaperones. Under pathogenic conditions, aberrant proteins are triaged by the chaperone network. These aberrant proteins, known as \"clients,\" have major roles in the pathogenesis of numerous neurological disorders, including tau in Alzheimer's disease, α-synuclein and LRRK2 in Parkinson's disease, SOD-1, TDP-43 and FUS in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and polyQ-expanded proteins such as huntingtin in Huntington's disease. Recent work has demonstrated that the use of chemical compounds which inhibit the activity of molecular chaperones subsequently alter the fate of aberrant clients. Inhibition of Hsp90 and Hsc70, two major molecular chaperones, has led to a greater understanding of how chaperone triage decisions are made and how perturbing the chaperone system can promote clearance of these pathogenic clients. Described here are major pathways and components of several prominent neurological disorders. Also discussed is how treatment with chaperone inhibitors, predominately Hsp90 inhibitors which are selective for a diseased state, can relieve the burden of aberrant client signaling in these neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":15013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism","volume":"2013 Suppl 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4172285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32699228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Time-Dependent Compensatory Responses to Chronic Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus and Brainstem: The Potential Role of Glutamate Neurotransmission. 海马和脑干慢性神经炎症的时间依赖性代偿反应:谷氨酸神经传递的潜在作用。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-03-28 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000110

Holly M Brothers, Isabelle Bardou, Sarah C Hopp, Yannick Marchalant, Roxanne M Kaercher, Sarah M Turner, Mollie R Mitchem, Kristina Kigerl, Gary L Wenk

{"title":"Time-Dependent Compensatory Responses to Chronic Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus and Brainstem: The Potential Role of Glutamate Neurotransmission.","authors":"Holly M Brothers, Isabelle Bardou, Sarah C Hopp, Yannick Marchalant, Roxanne M Kaercher, Sarah M Turner, Mollie R Mitchem, Kristina Kigerl, Gary L Wenk","doi":"10.4172/2161-0460.1000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0460.1000110","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic neuroinflammation is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases and is present during very early stages, yet significant pathology and behavioral deficits do not manifest until advanced age. We investigated the consequences of experimentally-induced chronic neuroinflammation within the hippocampus and brainstem of young (4 mo) F-344 rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was infused continuously into the IVth ventricle for 2, 4 or 8 weeks. The number of MHC II immunoreactive microglia in the brain continued to increase throughout the infusion period. In contrast, performance in the Morris water maze was impaired after 4 weeks but recovered by 8 weeks. Likewise, a transient loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus was observed after 2 weeks, but returned to control levels by 4 weeks of continuous LPS infusion. These data suggest that direct activation of microglia is sufficient to drive, but not sustain, spatial memory impairment and a decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase production in young rats. Our previous studies suggest that chronic neuroinflammation elevates extracellular glutamate and that this elevation underlies the spatial memory impairment. In the current study, increased levels of GLT1 and SNAP25 in the hippocampus corresponded with the resolution of performance deficit. Increased expression of SNAP25 is consistent with reduced glutamate release from axonal terminals while increased GLT1 is consistent with enhanced clearance of extracellular glutamate. These data demonstrate the capacity of the brain to compensate for the presence of chronic neuroinflammation, despite continued activation of microglia, through changes in the regulation of the glutamatergic system.","PeriodicalId":15013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism","volume":" ","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3939715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40287473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Parkinson's Disease. 磁共振成像(MRI)在帕金森病中的应用。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-03-25 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.S1-001

Paul J Tuite, Silvia Mangia, Shalom Michaeli

引用次数: 32

Recent Perspectives on APP, Secretases, Endosomal Pathways and How they Influence Alzheimer's Related Pathological Changes in Down Syndrome. APP、分泌酶、内体通路及其如何影响唐氏综合征阿尔茨海默病相关病理改变的研究进展

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.S7-002

Boris Decourt, William Mobley, Eric Reiman, Raj Jatin Shah, Marwan N Sabbagh

引用次数: 13

Role of Personalized Medicine in the Identification and Characterization of Parkinson's Disease in Asymptomatic Subjects. 个性化医疗在无症状受试者帕金森病的识别和表征中的作用。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2012-08-01 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000e118

Giulio Maria Pasinetti

引用次数: 16

Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Pro-Inflammatory Signaling in Human Brain Cells in Primary Culture. 原代培养人脑细胞中活性氧(ROS)和促炎信号的产生

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2012-01-25 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.S2-0011

Walter J Lukiw, Surjyadipta Bjattacharjee, Yuhai Zhao, Aileen I Pogue, Maire E Percy

{"title":"Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Pro-Inflammatory Signaling in Human Brain Cells in Primary Culture.","authors":"Walter J Lukiw, Surjyadipta Bjattacharjee, Yuhai Zhao, Aileen I Pogue, Maire E Percy","doi":"10.4172/2161-0460.S2-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0460.S2-0011","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in contributing to the pathology of human neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). To further understand the triggering and participation of ROS-generating species to pro-inflammatory and pathological signaling in human brain cells, in these experiments we studied the effects of 22 different substances (including various common drugs, interleukins, amyloid precursor protein, amyloid peptides and trace metals) at nanomolar concentrations, in a highly sensitive human neuronal-glial (HNG) cell primary co-culture assay. The evolution of ROS was assayed using the cell-permeate fluorescent indicator 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), that reacts with major ROS species, including singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radicals or superoxides (λEx 488 nm; λEm 530 nm). Western analysis was performed for cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytosolic phospholipase A (cPLA2) to study the effects of induced ROS on inflammatory gene expression within the same brain cell sample. The data indicate that apart from acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and simvastatin, several neurophysiologically-relevant concentrations of Aβpeptides and neurotoxic trace metals variably induced ROS induction, COX-2 and cPLA2 expression. These findings have mechanistic implications for ROS-triggered inflammatory gene expression programs that may contribute to AD and PD neuropathologic mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":15013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism","volume":"Suppl 2 ","pages":"001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3947825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40301279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Effect of Anticoagulants on Amyloid β-Protein Precursor and Amyloid Beta Levels in Plasma. 抗凝剂对血浆β-淀粉样蛋白前体和β-淀粉样蛋白水平的影响。

Journal of Alzheimer's disease & Parkinsonism Pub Date : 2011-07-24 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000101

Cara J Westmark, Crystal M Hervey, Elizabeth M Berry-Kravis, James S Malter

引用次数: 16